loving and hating new york课后练习答案.docx
- 文档编号:6327229
- 上传时间:2023-01-05
- 格式:DOCX
- 页数:6
- 大小:22.66KB
loving and hating new york课后练习答案.docx
《loving and hating new york课后练习答案.docx》由会员分享,可在线阅读,更多相关《loving and hating new york课后练习答案.docx(6页珍藏版)》请在冰豆网上搜索。
lovingandhatingnewyork课后练习答案
LovingandHatingNewYork练习题答案/answer
Ⅰ.
1.Olmsted:
FrederickLawOlmstedJr.(1870--1975),Americanlandscapearchitect.AHarvardgraduate(1894),hestudiedunderhisfather,FredcrickLawOlmsted,andbeganpracticeaslandscapearchitectin1895.HewaslandscapearchitectfortheMetropolitanParkSystemofBoston,1898--1920;BaltimoreParkandParkCommission,1902--1917;memberoftheNationalCapitalParkandPlanningCommissionin1929,andagainfrom1945.Heactedinconsultingcapacityforanddesignedportionsoftheparksorotherpublicimprovementsofmanytownsandcitiesandnumerousinstiutions,landsubdivisions,andprivateproperties.AmonghisdesignsinWashingtonD.C.werethoseforRockCreekandAna-costiaParks,theMall,andtheWhiteHousegrounds.Hewrotenumerousarticlesandreportsonprofessionalsubjects.
2.Bach.JohnSebastianBach(1685--1750),Germancomposerandorganist,oneofthegreatestandmostinfluentialcomposersoftheWesternWorld.Hebroughtpoly-phonicbaroquemusictoitsculmination,creatingmasterfulandvigorousworksinalmosteverymusicalformknowninhisperiod.Bornintoagiftedfamily,Bachwasdevotedtomusicfromchildhood;hewastaughtbyhisfatherandlaterbyhisbrotherJohanncristoph.Hiseducationwasacquiredlargelythroughindependentstudies.
SincefewofBach'smanyworkswerepublishedinhislifetime,exactdatescannotbefixedforallofthem,butmostcanbeplacedwithsomecertaintyintheperiodsofhislife.AtArnstadtandMiihlhausenhebeganaseriesoforgancompositionsthatculminatedinthegreatworksoftheWeimarperiod;thePassacagliaandFugueinCMi-nor.AtCothenheconcentratedoninstrumentalcompositions,especiallykeyboardworks:
theChromaticFantasyandFugue;theEnglishSuites;andBookIofthecelebrated7"heWell-Tempered-Clavier.Healsowroteseveralun-accompainiedviolinSonatasandcellosuites,andtheBrandenburgConcertos,recognisedasthebestconcertigrossievercomposed.AsmusicaldirectorofStThomasatLeipzig,hecomposedmanyofhissuperbreligiouscompositions,theChristmasOratorio,theSt.]~lathewPassion,etc.TheprincipalkeyboardworksofthisperiodwereBookⅡofTheWell-TemperedClavierandthefourbooksofclavierpiecesintheClavierCibung,whichincludes:
sixpartitas(1726--1731)~theItalianConcertoandthePartitainBminor(1735)~andtheGoldbergVariations.
Thebulkofhisworkisreligious.Inaddition,hecomposedanastonisingnumberofinstrumentalworks,manyofthemdesignedfortheinstructionofhisnumerouspupils.Inhisinstrumentalandchoralworksheperfectedtheartofpolyphony,displayinganunmatchedcombinationofinventivenessandcontrolinhisgreat,stridingfugues.Duringhislifetime,Bachwasbetterknownasanorganistthanasacomposer.Fordecadesafterhisdeathhisworkswereneglected,butinthe19thcenturyhisgeniuscametoberecognized,particularlybyromanticcomposerssuchasMendelssohnandSchumann.Sincethattimehisreputationhasgrownsteadily.
Ⅱ.
1.N0,hishometownisSeattle,aseaportinwestcentralWashingtonStateonPugetSound.Seeparagragh4.
2.ThesesignsshowthatNewYorkisnolongertheleadingcityintheUnitedStates.
3.NewYorknolongerbegetsthestylesandsetsthetrends.Itisnolongerapaeesetter.
4.Othercitieshavebuildingsmoreinspiredarchitecturally.Thecenterofmusicandsportshavealsoshiftedtoothercities.AsatouristattractionitisinferiortoNewOrlcans,SanFrancisco,WashingtonorDisneyland.Finally,therearemanybetercitiestoliveinthanNewYork.
5.TheEuropeanscallNewYorktheirfavoritecitybecausetheylikeitscosmopolitancomplexities,itssurvivingEuropeanstandardsanditsalienmixtures.Perhapssomeofthesearereassuredbytheinternationalnamesofjewelers,shoestoresanddesignershops.ButwhatmostexcitesEuropeansisthecity'scharged,nervousatmosphere,itsvulgardynamism.
6.TimwriterwenttoNewYorkbecausehelikestolivethereandhecouldpracticethekindofjournalismhewantedinthatcity.
7.TheyoungpeoplegotoNewYorktotestthemselvesandtoavoidgivingintothemostbanalandmarketableoftheirtalents.InNewYorktheyalsofindthecompanyofmanyotheryoungpeoplesimilarlyfleeingfromtheconstrictingatmosphereofsmallercities.
8.NewYorkisstillthebankingandcommunicationshead-quartersforAmerica.Thenetworks'newscentres,thelargestbookpublishers,thebiggestmagazines,theadagenciesareallhere,appraisingandratifyingthefilms,theplays,themusic,thebooksthatothershavecreated.
9.Newcomerscanfindorformtheirlittlegroupsand,thoughthesegroupslieclosetoeachother,thereisnocontactorintercoursebetweengroups.Thisgivesthecityitssenseoffreedom.
10.Despiteallthefaultsofthecity,aNewYorkerstillpreferstoliveinNewYorkbecausehepreferstheunhealthyhassleandvitanyofurbanlife.WhathefindsattractiveaboutNewYorkisitsrawness,tension,urgency;itsbracingcompetitivenesstherigorofitsjudgements;andthecongested,democraticpresenceofsomanyotherNewYorkers,encasedintheirownworlds.
11.ItisinfactthefirsttrulyinternationalmetropolitsbecausehereonefindsamuchwidermixtureofnationalitiesAsians,Africans,LatinsandallvarietiesofEuropeans.
Ⅲ.
1.Thisarticleisapieceofexpositorywriting.Themainthemeorthesisisstatedbythetitle"LovingandHatingNewYork",ormorespecifically,bythefirstsentenceofthelastparagraph:
“LovingandhatingNewYorkbecomesamatterofalternatingmoods,ofteninthesameday."
2.GriffithdevelopshismainthesisbybothobjectiveandemotionaldescriptionofNewYorkandthelifeandstruggleofNewYorkers.Itisveryeffective.(Seetheanswerto4.)
3.ThisarticleisfullofAmericanEnglishterms,phrasesandconstructions.SuchasT-shirt,hassle,plush,holdout,comeback,putdown,measureup,expense-account,etc.
4.ThewriterstatesthathebothlovesandhatesNewYork,butthereaderfailstoseewhereorwhyhehatesNewYork.ItisclearthatGriffithlovesNewYorkandfeelsexhilaratedlivingthere.Hemaysometimesfeelexasperatedbutthisfeelingisneverstrongenoughtoturntohate.ThewritershowshisloveforNewYorkwiththewordssuchasenergy,contentionstriving,etc.
5.Thefirstfiveparagraphsactasageneralintroduction,set-tingforththepresentstatusofNewYorkcityintheUnit-edStatesandintheeyesofforeigners.Thelastsentenceofparagraph5alsoactsasatransitiontothe"actualde-scriptionsofNewYorkcityitself:
"thecharged,nervousatmosphere,itsvulgardynamism"ofthelastlineofparagraph5leadstothe"energy,contention,andstriving"inthefirstlineofparagraph6.
6.Thetopicsentenceofparagraph8isthefirstsentence."Nature~spleasuresaremuchqualifiedinNewYork."Thewriterusesmanyexamplestodevelopthisparagraphandtobackupthestatementmadeinthetopicsentence.
7.InNewYork,ashrewdunderstandingorabilitytoappraisethingsisappreciatedandpaidfor,andskillandlearningbythemselvesarenotconsideredvaluable.8.Free.Student’schoice.
Ⅳ.
1.NowadaysNewYorkcannotunderstandnorfollowthetasteoftheAmericanpeople.
2.NewYorkboaststhatitisacitythatresiststheprevailingtrends(styles,fashion)ofAmerica.
3.SituationcomediesmadeinHollywoodandtheactualperformanceofJohnnyCarsonnowreplacethescheduledradio
andTVprogramsforCalifornia.
4.NewYorkisregainingsomewhatitsstatusasacitythatattractstourists.
5.ApersonwhowinsinNewYorkisconstantlydisturbedbyfearandanxiety(becauseheisafraidoflosingwhathehaswoninthefiercecompetition).
6.Thechancetoenjoythepleasuresofnatureisverylimited.
7.AtnightthecityofNewYorkisaglowwithlightsandseemsproudlyandhaughtilytodarkenthenightsky.
8.ButapureandwholehearteddevotiontoaBohemianlifestylecanbeexaggerated.
9.Inboththeserolesofbankingandcommunicationshead-quarters,NewYorkstartsororiginatesveryfewthingsbutgivesitsstampofapprovaltomanythingscreatedbypeopleinotherpartsofthecountry.
10.Thetelevisiongenerationwasconstantlyandstronglyinfluencedbyextravagantpromotionaladvertising.
11.Authorswritinglongseriousnovelsearntheirlivinginthemeantimebyalsowritingarticlesforpopularmagazines.
12.Broadway,whichseemedunabletoresistthecheap,gaudyshowsputoninthesurroundingareas,isonceagainbusyandactive.
13.(IfyoutellaNewYorkeraboutthevigorofoutdoorpleasures,hewillreplythat)hepreferstheunhealthyturmoilandanimatedlifeofacity.
14.Thosewhofailedinthestruggleoflife,thedown-and-outs,arenothiddenawayinslumsorghettoeswhereotherpeoplecan'tseethem.
15.NewYorkconstantlyirritatesandannoysverymuchbutattimesitalsoinvigoratesandstimulates.
Ⅴ.Seethetranslationofthetext.
Ⅵ.
1.holdout:
(Americanism)aplacethatholdsout;holdout=continueresistance;standfirm;notyield
2.live:
transmittedduringtheactualperformance
3.charged:
tense;intense
4.put-down:
(Americanslang)abelittlingremarkorcrushingretort
5.foothold:
asecurepositionfromwhichitisdifficulttobedislodged
6.measureup:
(Americanism)provetobecompetentorqualified
7.jingle:
aversethatjingles;jinglingarrangementofwordsorsyllables
8.expense-account.(Americanism)anarrangementwherebycertainexpensesofanemployeeinconnectionwithhisworkarepai
- 配套讲稿:
如PPT文件的首页显示word图标,表示该PPT已包含配套word讲稿。双击word图标可打开word文档。
- 特殊限制:
部分文档作品中含有的国旗、国徽等图片,仅作为作品整体效果示例展示,禁止商用。设计者仅对作品中独创性部分享有著作权。
- 关 键 词:
- loving and hating new york课后练习答案 york 课后 练习 答案