通过分析Three Cups of Tea学习如何写一篇记叙文刘凤阳.docx

通过分析Three Cups of Tea学习如何写一篇记叙文刘凤阳.docx

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通过分析ThreeCupsofTea学习如何写一篇记叙文刘凤阳

通过分析ThreeCupsofTea学习如何写记叙文

GregMortensonandDavidOliverRelin

Author:

BornonDecember27th1957,GregMortensonisanAmericanhumanitarian,writer,andformermountaineer.Heistheprotagonistandco-authorofThreeCupsofTea.

Background:

In1992,Mortenson’syoungsisterdied.Thereforein1993,tohonorhisdecreasedsister’smemory,MortensonjoinedanexpeditiontoscaleK2,theworld’ssecondhighestmountain.Aftermorethan70days,Mortensonandthreeotherclimberscompletedalife-savingrescueofaclimber,whichtookmorethan75hours.Afterthatrescue,hebecameweakandexhausted.MortensontookawrongturnalongthewayandendedupinKorphe,asmallvillage.ThevillageheadHajiAligavehimfoodandthewarmestquiltandMortensonrecoveredfromhungerandcold.Topaytheremotecommunitybackfortheirgenerosityandhospitality,Mortensonpromisedtobuildaschoolforthevillage.

Summary:

ThebookdescribesMortenson’stransitionfromamountain-climbertoahumanitariancommittedtoreducingpovertyandpromotingeducationforgirlsinPakistanandAfghanistan.

一、VantageView

二、Plot

三、Conflict

四、Theme

五、Character

一、Vantageview:

Thethirdperson

Thethird-personnarrationisemployedthroughoutthebook.Theauthorchoosesacharacter（Mortenson）andthestoryisrelatedintermsofthatcharacterinsuchawaythatthefieldofvisionisconfinedtohimalone.

Theyshouldbebuildingthewallsthisweek,hethought.Mortensonturnedhisangerinward,blaminghimself.Hecouldn’tkeepreturningPakistanforever.Nowhewasmarried,heneededacareer.Hewantedtogettheschoolfinishedsohecouldsetaboutfiguringoutwhathislife’sworkwouldbe.

二、Plot:

Beginning:

MortensonfeelsdisappointedwhenhecomesbacktoKorphe,onlytofindthatHajiAlihasn’tstartedtheconstructionaccomplished.

Therockslookedmorelikeanancientruinthanthebuildingblocksofanewschool.ThoughhestoodonaplateauhighabovetheBralduRiver,inperfectfallweatherthatmadethepyramidofKorpheK2,Mortensonwasdisheartenedbytheprospectbeforehim.

Analysis:

开头交代了人物与地点，对于环境的描写与人物的心情形成对比，设置了悬念，引起读者的阅读兴趣，小说中的作者为何在看到这样的景象觉得心灰意冷。

Development:

Thispartintroducesdetailsabouttheschoolconstruction.Atthestartoftheschoolconstruction,HajiAligivesMortensonalessononthethreecupsoftea.

Whentheporcelainbowlsofscaldingbutterteasteamedintheirhands,HajiAlispoke.“IfyouwanttothriveinBaltistan,youmustrespectourways,”HajiAlisaid,blowingonhisbowl.“ThefirsttimeyoushareteawithaBalti,youareastranger.Thesecondtimeyoutaketea,youareanhonoredguest.Thethirdtimeyoushareacupoftea,youbecomefamily,andforourfamily,wearepreparedtodoanything,evendie,”hesaid,layinghishandwarmlyonMortenson’sown.“DoctorGreg,youmustmaketimetosharethreecupsoftea.Wemaybeuneducated.Butwearenotstupid.Wehavelivedandsurvivedhereforalongtime.”

Analysis:

此段HajiAli给Mortenson上了最重要的一节课为的是缓解Mortenson与村民们的关系。

解释了三杯茶的含义，也使他认识到三杯茶的象征意义，即建立良好的人际关系和信任感。

这也正是美国这样一个充满了独立感和隔离感并且一切以效率为上的社会所欠缺的。

此小说的名字也来源于此。

Climax:

HajiMehdicomesheretomakeblackmail.HajiAlipaidhimalotfortheschool’sconstruction.

“IhaveheardthataninfidelhascometopoisonMuslimchildren,boysaswellasgirls,withhisteachings,”HajiMehdibarked.“Allahforbidstheeducationofgirls.AndIforbidtheconstructionofthisschool.”

“Wewillfinishourschool,”HajiAlisaidevenly.“Whetheryouforbiditornot.”

HajiMehdi’smenfiguredtheirclubsuneasily.Heraisedahandtosteadythem.“Ifyouinsistonkeepingyourschool,youmustpayaprice,”Mehdisaid,thelidsofhiseyeslowering.“Idemandtwelveofyourlargestrams.”

“Asyourwish,”HajiAlisaid,turninghisbackonMehdi,toemphasizehowhehaddegradedhimselfbydemandingabribe.“Bringthechogorabak!

”heordered.

Analysis:

这段为HajiMehdi来此勒索，组织建设学校时与HajiAli之间的对话描写，也是小说的高潮部分，之所以称它为高潮，是因为这是矛盾冲突的出现，是真正意义上的思想的碰撞，让读者为还能否成功建设学校感到紧张与担心。

HajiMehdi所说的话体现了他思想的陈腐，与他贪财的性格特点。

衬托出HajiAli为了孩子建设学校的坚定信念。

Ending:

HajiAliandthevillagersfinishtheconstructionoftheschool.

HajiAlipausedbeforethebuildingeveryoneinthevillagehadworkedsohardtoraise.IthelditsgroundfirmlybeforeKorpheK2,withsnuglybuiltstonewalls,plasteredandpaintedyellow,andthickwoodendoorstobeatbacktheweather.NeveragainwouldKorphe’schildrenkneelovertheirlessonsonfrozenground.“Don’tbesad,”hetoldtheshatteredcrowd.“Longafterallthoseramsaredeadandeatenthisschoolwillstillstand.HajiMehdihasfoodtoday.Nowourchildrenhaveeducationforever.

Analysis:

小说结尾HajiAli与村民完成了学校的建设，即使失去了了整个村子的大部分财产，仍然顶住压力建设了学校，因为那些山羊与孩子们能够在好的环境下学习实在是太微不足道了，事情圆满结束。

对学校矗立在那的样子的描写给人以希望。

三、Conflict:

“ItwasoneofthemosthumblingthingsI’veeverseen,”Mortensonsays,“Haji

Alihadjusthandedoverhalfthewealthofthevillagetothatcrook,buthewassmilinglikehe’djustwonalottery.”

这实际上是陈腐思想，与HajiAli坚持建立学校让孩子接受教育的新思想之间的矛盾冲突，十二只羊的确是很高的代价，从表面上看，HajiMehdi在这场冲突中大获全胜，得到了自己想要的东西，但是HajiAli赢得了孩子们上学的机会，这更是无价的。

四、Theme:

Afterdark,bythelightofthefirethatsmolderedinhisbalti,HajiAlibeckonedMortensontositbesidehim.Hepickeduphisdog-eared,grease-spottedKoranandhelditbeforetheflames.“DoyouseehowbeautifulthisKoranis?

”HajiAliasked.

“Yes.”

“Ican’treadit,”hesaid.“Ican’treadanything.Thisisthegreatestsadnessinmylife.I’lldoanythingsothechildrenofmyvillageneverhavetoknowthisfeeling.I’llpayanypricesotheyhavetheeducationtheydeserved.”

Analysis:

这里运用了大量的语言描写，通过HajiAli的话引出主题，大量美好书籍的存在需要我们更加注重教育与学习，有好书却读不了该是多么令人遗憾的事情，为偏远贫困地区建立一所学校可能就是点燃了几个个村子的希望，圆了几千人的梦想。

五、Character:

HajiAlikepthisbackturnedtothevisitorsuntiltwelveboysapproached,draggingthesick-horned,heavy-hoovedbeasts.Heacceptedthebridlesfromthemandtiedtheramstogether.Alltheboysweptastheyhandedovertheirmostcherishedpossessionstotheirmurmadhar.HajiAliledthelineoframs,lowingmournfully,toHajiMehdi,andthrewtheleadtohimwithoutaword.Thenheturnedonhisheelandherdedhispeopletowardthesiteoftheschool.

Analysis:

这段对HajiAli进行了动作描写，在孩子们回来一直没有正面对着索贿的人，体现了他对这种行为内心的鄙视。

孩子们哭着交出了山羊，他明知道这是这个村子一大半的财产，他依然坚定的将山羊给了出去，体现出他一旦认为某件事是对的，就会坚持进行下去。

即使他也有些难过，他也顶住压力做出这件事，体现出他作为村子的带头人，具有巨大的责任感和使命感。

“Sittingtherebesidehim,”Mortensonsays,“Irealizedthateverything,allthedifficultiesI’dgonethrough,fromthetimeI’dpromisedtobuildtheschool,throughthelongstruggletocompleteit,wasnothingcomparedtothesatisficeshewaspreparedtomakeforhispeople.Herewasthisilliterateman,who’dhardlyeverlefthislittlevillageintheKarakoram,”Mortensonsays.“YethewasthewisestmanI’veevermet.”

Analysis:

这段Mortenson的话侧面地反映出HajiAli做的一切都是为了自己的村民，他是一个有责任感的带头人，他虽然一字不识，却有着过人的智慧，是一个有远见的人，他为整个村子的发展牺牲了很多，为村子的教育事业做出了巨大贡献，迈出了勇敢的第一步。

总结:

写记叙文时要将记叙文的六要素交代清楚，描写景物部分要能渲染气氛，侧面反映出作者的心情。

开头要能吸引读者的阅读兴趣，设置一个悬念，留下一个疑问。

高潮前面要进行铺垫。

结尾部分交代出主题。

对于人物的描写，可以有动作、语言等描写手法，要体现出人物的性格特点，也可以用对比的方法进行突出表现。

（1302020109，刘凤阳）

附：

Lesson8ThreeCupsofTea

CHAPTER12HAJIALI’SLESSON

Itmayseemabsurdtobelievethata“primitive”cultureintheHimalayahasanythingtoteachourindustrializedsociety.

Butoursearchforafuturethatworkskeepsspiralingbacktoanancientconnectionbetweenourselvesandtheearth,aninterconnectednessthatancientcultureshaveneverabandoned.

—HelenaNorberg-Hodge

Therockslookedmorelikeanancientruinthanthebuildingblocksofanewschool.ThoughhestoodonaplateauhighabovetheBralduRiver,inperfectfallweatherthatmadethepyramidofKorpheK2bristle,Mortensonwasdisheartenedbytheprospectbeforehim.

Thepreviouswinter,beforeleavingKorphe,Mortensonhaddrivententpegsintothefrozensoilandtiedredandbluebraidednyloncordtothem,markingoutafloorplanoffiveroomsheimaginedfortheschool.He’dleftHajiAlienoughcashtohirelaborersfromvillagesdownrivertohelpquarryandcarrythestone.Andwhenhearrived,heexpectedtofindatleastafoundationfortheschoolexcavated.Instead,hesawtwomoundsofstonesstandinginafield.

InspectingthesitewithHajiAli,Mortensonstruggledtohidehisdisappointment.Betweenhisfourtripstotheairportwithhiswife,andhistussletoreclaimhisbuildingmaterials,hehadarrivedhereinmid-October,nearlyamonthafterhe’dtoldHajiAlitoexpecthim.Theyshouldbebuildingthewallsthisweek,hethought.Mortensonturnedhisangerinward,blaminghimself.Hecouldn’tkeepreturningtoPakistanforever.Nowthathewasmarried,heneededacareer.Hewantedtogettheschoolfinishedsohecouldsetaboutfiguringoutwhathislife’sworkwouldbe.Andnowwinterwoulddelayconstructiononceagain.Mortensonkickedastoneangrily.

“What’sthematter,”HajiAlisaidinBalti.“Youlookliketheyoungramatthetimeofbutting.”

Mortensontookadeepbreath.“Whyhaven’tyoustarted?

”heasked.

“DoctorGreg,wediscussedyourplanafteryoureturnedtoyourvillage,”HajiAlisaid.“AndwedecideditwasfoolishtowasteyourmoneypayingthelazymenofMunjungandAskole.Theyknowtheschoolisbeingbuiltbyarichforeigner,sotheywillworklittleandarguemuch.Sowecutthestonesourselves.Ittookallsummer,becausemanyofthemenhadtoleaveforporterwork.Butdon’tworry.Ihaveyourmoneylockedsafelyinmyhome.”

“I’mnotworriedaboutthemoney.”Mortensonsaid.“ButIwantedtogetaroofupbeforewintersothechildrenwouldhavesomeplacetostudy.”

HajiAliputhishandonMortenson’sshoulder,andgavehisimpa-tientAmericanafatherlysqueeze