高考英语常用短语及句型归纳.docx
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高考英语常用短语及句型归纳.docx
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高考英语常用短语及句型归纳
―高中英语常用短语及句型归纳
1.高考高频动词短语
(1)act短语:
actas担任……职务,起……作用actfor代理(某人职务),代为(处理某事)
actout表演(对话、故事等)actup捣乱,出毛病
例如:
IactedasaninterpreterwhileIwasinXiamen.
MrBlackisactingfortheoldmaninhiscase.(布莱克先生代那个老人处理他的案件。
)
ThechildrenwereactingoutthestoryofthebirthofJesus.
He’satoughkidandheactsupalot.
(2)break短语:
breakaway摆脱,脱离breakawayfrom…脱离……,奋力挣脱……
breakdown出故障,坏掉,中止,累垮,分解
breakin打断,插话,闯入,强行进入breakinto…闯入……,破门而入
break(sth)off(使某物)折断,中断某事物,突然停止
breakout(战争、火灾)突然发生,爆发
breakoutintears突然大哭breaktherule违反规定
breakthrough突围,冲跨breakup分解,分裂,拆散,碎开
例如:
Thethiefbrokeawayfromthepolice,butwaslatercaught.
Ifyoukeeponworkinglikethat,you’llbreakdownsoonerorlater.
Thecarbrokedownjustonmywayhere.
Ifanyonetriestobreakin,thealarmwillgooff.
Ifanyonetriestobreakintothebuilding,thealarmwillgooff.
Shebrokeoffabitofbreadanddippeditinthesoup.
Ibrokeofftheconversationandansweredthephone.
Doeseveryoneknowwhattodoifafirebreaksout?
Itmaytakealongtimetobreakthroughtheproblem.
Inspringtheicebergsbegintobreakup.
(3)bring短语:
bringabout引起,导致,使发生bringalong把……带来,领来
bringback拿回来,使恢复bringsbback送回某人
bringsth/sbbacktolife使……生动/活泼,使……苏醒
(比较:
sth/sbcomebacktolife复苏,苏醒)
bringdown使……降低,减少,使……倒下,使……落下
bringdown/up(theprice)降价/提价[比较:
(theprice)godown/up价格下降/上涨]
bringin引进(技术),赚钱,带来(收入),吸收
bringon发展,引起,导致,使前进
bringout拿出,出版,生产,揭露,阐明,使表现出
bringto使苏醒
bring…touse=put…touse对……加以利用
bring/carrysthto/intoeffect实施……(比较:
sthcome/gointoeffect开始实施)
bringup抚养,培养,哺育
例如:
Ahugeamountofenvironmentaldamagehasbeenbroughtaboutbythedestructionoftherainforests.
You’rewelcometobringalongafriend.
Thegovernmenthopesthesemeasureswillhelptobringdowninflation(通货膨胀).
Americancountrymusicbringsinmorethan$10billioneachyear.
Thisnewkindoftechnologywasbroughtinintheearly1980s.
Stresscanbringon(=leadto/resultin)headachesandotherillnesses.
Jennyopenedthecupboardandbroughtoutacoupleofbottles.
Hewasbroughtupbyhisgrandparents.
(4)call短语;
callat(sp)访问(某地),拜访(某地)[比较:
callon(sb)拜访(某人),访问(某人)]
callback回电话
callfor提倡,号召,要求,需要,去接某人,接走某人
call/shoutforhelp呼救callin请来,召集,来访,打电话
calloff取消callon/upon号召
callout大声呼喊,叫喊callsb…forshort简称某人……
callsbnames谩骂某人callup给……打电话,使人想起,号召
例如:
WecalledatMike’shouseyesterday.
AllshipssailingontheoceanscallforhelpbyradioinEnglish.
I’llcallformyuncleatBeijingRailwayStation.
Let’scallinadoctorforthelittlegirl.
Manyofthesesongscalledon/upontheworkerstotakeupthestruggle.
Ishallcallonhimtomorrow.
Iheardsomebodycallingouttomefromdownstairs.
Callmeuptomorrow;mynumberis536291.
Yourlettercallsupthedayswhenweworkedtogetherfifteenyearsago.
Duetothebadweather,thesportsmeetinghasbeencalledoff.
(5)come短语:
comeabout发生,产生comeacross偶然相遇
comealong来,随同,进展,加油comeat…向……袭击
comeback回来,想起来,复活comedown下来,下落,传下
comedownto…到达,从一处来到另一处
comefor…来拿,来取comefrom…来自,出生于
comein进来,进入comeintobeing形成,产生
comeintouse使用起来comeoff脱落,从……离开
comeon过来,跟我来,加油,来吧,赶快
comeon/uponsb/sth偶然遇见,偶然碰上,偶然发现
comeout露出,出来,出现,出版,发(芽),(花)开
comeoverto…过来,顺便来访,从一个地方来到另一个地方
comeround/around(非正式)来访,串门
cometo…来到,出现,提及,达到,共计,结果是,苏醒
cometoanend结束,终止cometoknow逐渐地知道
cometolife(变得)活泼,苏醒过来cometolight显露,为人所知
cometooneself苏醒过来,恢复知觉cometo/intopower当权,上台
come/gotoruin=fallintoruin变成废墟cometotermswith…甘心忍受
cometrue变为现实,成为事实
comeup被提出,上来,走来,上升,抬头,长出来
comeuptosb朝某人走来
comeupwith…提出,想出(主意),找出(答案),赶上
例如:
Anumberofeducationalreformshavecomeaboutasaresultofthereport.
Icameacrossanoldfriendofmineinthestreettheotherday.
YourEnglishiscomingalongreallywell.
Comealong/on!
Don’tgiveupyet!
Comealong/on!
We’reallwaitingforyou!
Suddenly,hecameatmewithaknife.
Now,let’scomebacktowhatIwassayingamomentago.
Itisimpossibleforadeadanimaltocomeback.
SnowwascomingdownsothicklythatIcouldhardlyseethroughthewindow.
Theairplanecamedowninthatfield.
Wheredoesthefilmstarcomefrom,doyouknow?
MrSmithcameininahurry,bookinhand(=withabookinhishand).
Thelawfirstcameintobeingin1912.
Bythetimehecameto/intopowerin1951,hewasalreadyseventy.
Howlongisitsincetheelectroniccomputercameintouse?
Thebuttoncameoff,buthedidn’tnoticeit.
Thereisnodoubtthatthetruthwillcomeoutoneday.
Thetreesturngreenandflowerscomeout.
Thismagazinecomesoutonceamonth.
Whydon’tyoucomearound/roundforlunch?
Somedayyou’llcometoknowthemistakesyouhavemade.
Iftheydon’tcometoadecisionbymidnight,thetalkswillbeabandoned.
I’veforgottenhername,butmaybeit’llcometomelater.
Thebillcameto£480intotal.
Hisdreamofbecomingafilmstarcametrueatlast.
Achildcameuptomeandshowedmetheway.
Thesameproblemscameupatthemeetingyesterday.
Theycameupwiththesameproblemsatthemeetingyesterday.
Searchingthroughthedrawer,IcameupontheletterI’dbeenlookingfor.
(6)cut短语:
cutaway切除,剪去cutdown砍倒,砍下,削减
cutin插嘴,加塞,插入cutinline插队
cut…intopieces/halves把……切成碎片/切成两半
cutoff切断(线路),中断(供应)cutout删除,剪下来
cutthecostof…降低……的成本cutup切碎,剪碎,剁碎,齐根切掉
例如:
Hecutawaysomebranches,makingitlookmorebeautiful.
Alotoftreestherewerecutdowninthepast.
Theelectricitywascutoffbecauseofthestorm.
Hewassentencedtodeathandhadhisheadcutoffthenextday.
Couldyoucutthepizzaup,please?
(7)do短语:
doabout处理,应付doanddon’t要与不要
doagooddeed做一件好事doalotofwalking走很多路
doatest做实验,做化验doawordpuzzle猜字谜
doanexperiment/experiments做实验doawaywith废除
dobody-building做健身操dochores处理琐事,干家务
dohousework做家务活domake-up化妆,打扮
doobservations观察doone’sbest尽某人最大努力
doone’shomework做作业doresearchon…从事……研究工作
dosbafavour帮某人一个忙
dosbhonor=dohonortosb礼遇某人,对某人表示敬意
dosbthefavourtodosth帮某人一个忙做某事
dosomereading读书,阅读,看点书
dosomeshopping=goshopping购物,买东西
dosports=have/playsports=takeexercise进行体育运动,做运动,进行锻炼
dosthinturn/byturns=taketurnstodosth/indoingsth轮流做某事
dotelephoneinterviews进行电话采访
dothelaundry洗衣服
doup打扮,梳妆,收拾,把(衣服,鞋子等)扣/系好
doupone’sshoes/hair系好鞋带/梳好头
doupthebutton扣纽扣
dowell/betterin…在……方面干得好/更好
dowith处理,处置,对付
dowrong做坏事,做错事(比较:
doright=dotherightthing做得对)
例如:
Totellthetruth,Idon’tknowhowtodowithhim.
I’llhavenothingtodowithhimfromnowon.
Whatdidyoudowiththatcamerayoufound?
Thepoisonouswastemaydogreatharmtothethingsaroundus.
Eatmorefruit;itwilldogoodtoyou.
IthinkIcandobetterinEnglishthisyearthanlastyear.
Lisztsaid,“You’vedonewrong,butIcanseeyouaretrulysorryaboutit.”
I’mgoingtodomybestthisyear.
Iwasonlytryingtodoagooddeed.
(8)get短语:
getabetterunderstandingofChina更好地了解中国
getafullmark/fullmarks得满分getalotofsatisfaction得到满足
getat意指,本意是getaround=getabout四处走动,活动
getaway移走,拿走,逃脱,逃离getawayfrom逃脱,逃离
getback回来,回家,取回,找回,退还
getcloseto接近getdown下来,降下
getdownonone’sknees跪下getdownto(doing)sth开始(做)某事)
getin进入,收获,达到getinaword插话
getinto…进入……getsbinto…使某人陷入
getit接(电话),应(门),理解,懂得getoff下车,脱下(衣服等)
geton上车,过活geton/alongwith…进展,与……相处
getonone’sfeet(艰难地)站立起来getout离开,出去
getoutof逃避,避免getover克服,恢复,原谅
getup起床,起身getacross理解,度过
getthrough接通(电话),完成(工作),通过(考试)
getto到达,抵达gettosleep入睡,设法睡着
get/gain/takepossessionof占有,拥有,占领
getreadyfor为……做准备
(比较:
bereadyfor=bewellpreparedfor=beinpreparationfor为……做好了准备)
getridof除掉,去掉getsbtodo让某人做
gettheideafor…想到……的主意getthemessageacross传播信息
gettogether相聚,碰头,联欢
get/beusedtosth习惯于……,适应于……
(比较:
beusedassth被用作……
beusedforsth被用于……,用来做……
beusedtodosth被用于做……
usedtodosth过去常常做)
get/bedressed穿衣服
get/beengaged(tosb)(与某人)订婚
get/belost丢失了,迷路
get/bemarried(tosb)=marry(sb)(与某人)结婚
get/bestuck陷进去,被困住,被难住,遇到困难
get/betiredof对……感到厌倦,对……失去兴趣
(比较:
get/betiredfor因……而感到疲倦)
例如:
I’mgettingonwellwithmyclassmatesnow.
HowareyougettingalongwithyourEnglish?
Hegotthebookawayfromher.
Thebankrobbersusedastolencartogetaway.
Whendidyougetbackfromthecountryside?
Haveyougotbackthebookyoulenthim?
“Getdownonyourknees,”saidtheGenie,“forIamgoingtokillyou.”
Thedusthasgotintomyeyes.
Thismistakemaygethimintodifficulties.
BeforeIcouldgetinawordhehadmeasuredme,andwasgivingordersforeveningsuits.
Ifyouknockintosomeone,orgetintohisway,youshouldsay,“Excuseme.”or“I’msorry.”
WhenyouareinLondon,youmightgetintouchwithafriendofmine.
Theconductorgotoffandcheckedtherails.
Shegotonherbicycleandcycledoff.
Youworktoo
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