温州中考英语专题汇编被动语态 学案设计无答案.docx
- 文档编号:6273333
- 上传时间:2023-01-05
- 格式:DOCX
- 页数:6
- 大小:21.70KB
温州中考英语专题汇编被动语态 学案设计无答案.docx
《温州中考英语专题汇编被动语态 学案设计无答案.docx》由会员分享,可在线阅读,更多相关《温州中考英语专题汇编被动语态 学案设计无答案.docx(6页珍藏版)》请在冰豆网上搜索。
温州中考英语专题汇编被动语态学案设计无答案
2020温州中考专题汇编——被动语态
一.定义及概念
英语的谓语动词有两种语态:
主动语态和被动语态。
前者表示句子的主语为动作的发出者,后者表示句子的主语为动作的承受者。
请比较:
Tombrokethewindow. (主动语态)
① ② ③
ThewindowwasbrokenbyTom.(被动语态)
③ ② ①
从以上对比可以看出,主动句中的主语Tom在被动句中变成了短语byTom,主动句中的宾语thewindow变成了被动句中的主语。
由于被动句中的主语即主动句中的宾语,因此,只有及物动词才有被动语态
二、被动语态的构成
1)被动语态是由“be+及物动词的过去分词”构成的。
be有人称,数和时态的变化,其变化规则与其作为连系动词的be的变化完全一样。
a被动语态的肯定句
Appletreesareplantedinthesouth.苹果树不种在南方。
b被动语态的否定句
Thebuildinghasn'tbeencompleted.这座建筑物没有竣工。
c被动语态的一般疑问句
被动语态的一般疑问句的结构是:
Be+主语+过去分词(vt)+(by+宾语)
AretheymadeinChina?
Yes,theyare.
它们是中国制造的吗?
是的,是中国制造的。
Wasthemuseumbuiltin1993?
No,itwasbuiltin1986.
这座博物馆是在1993年建成的吗?
不,它是在1986年建成的。
d被动语态的特殊疑问句
被动语态的特殊疑问句的结构是:
疑问词+be+主语+过去分词(vt)。
Wherewerethecarmade?
TheyweremadeinChina.
这些小汽车是哪里制造的?
它们是中国制造的。
2)被动语态的几种时态形式
时态
主动语态
被动语态
例句
主动语态
被动语态
一般现在时
do/does
am/is/are+done
Wecleantheclassroom.
Theclassroomiscleanedbyus.
一般过去时
did
was/were+done
Hemadethekite.
Thekitewasmadebyhim.
现在进行时
/is/are+doing
am/is/are+beingdone
Sheiswatering
flowers.
Flowersarebeingwateredbyher.
现在完成时
have/has+done
have/has+beendone
Jimhasfinishedthework.
TheworkhasbeenfinishedbyJim.
一般将来时
will/shall/begoingto+do
will/shall/begoingto+bedone
Theywillplanttreestomorrow.
Treeswillbeplantedbythemtomorrow.
过去进行时
was/were+doing
was/were+beingdone
Shewaswritingaletterthistimeyesterday.
Aletterwasbeingwrittenbyherthistimeyesterday.
过去完成时
had+done
had+beendone
Jimhadfinishedthework.
TheworkhadbeenfinishedbyJim.
过去将来时
would/should/be(was,were)goingto+do
would/should/be(was,were)goingto+bedone
Hesaidhewouldmakeakite.
Hesaidakitewouldbemadebyhim.
含有情态动词
can/may/must+do
can/may/must+bedone
Icanfindhim.
Hecanbefoundbyme.
(一)带双宾语的谓语动词变为被动语态
谓语动词带双宾语时,既可以将间接宾语转化成主语,也可将直接宾语转化成主语。
若将间接宾语转化成主语,则保留直接宾语;若将直接宾语转化为主语则保留间接宾语,且在被保留的间接宾语前加上介词to或for。
Shegavemeabook.(变为被动语态)
Iwasgivenabook.(间接宾语改为主语)
Abookwasgiventome.(直接宾语abook改为主语)
(二)短语动词变为被动语态
许多由不及物动词构成的短语动词,相当于及物动词,可以有宾语,也可以有被动语态。
注意:
短语动词是一个不可分割的整体,在变为被动语态时,不可丢掉构成短语动词的介词或副词。
Weshouldtakegoodcareofthechildren.(变为被动语态)
Thechildrenshouldbetakengoodcareof.(of不可省略)
(三)带复合宾语的动词变为被动语态
宾语加上宾语补足语一起构成复合宾语。
变被动语态时,只把宾语变为被动句的主语,宾语补足语保留在原处,成为主语补足语。
Isawsomeboysplayingfootballontheplayground.(变为被动语态)
Someboyswereseenplayingfootballintheplayground.
(四)被动语态后动词形式的选择
主动句中的感官动词see,hear,watch,feel,notice等以及使役动词let,make,have等,动词后跟省略to的不定式,变为被动句时,应加上不定式符号to。
Thebossmadetheworkersworktwelvehoursaday.(变为被动语态)
Theworkersweremadetoworktwelvehoursadaybytheboss.
Weoftenhearthegirlsinginherroomintheevening.(变为被动语态)
Thegirlisoftenheardtosinginherroomintheevening.
谓语动词含有情态动词时,只变及物动词为被动语态,构成为:
情态动词+be+过去分词(vt.)
例如:
Wemustfinishitatonce.(主动语态)
我们必须马上做完这件事。
→Itmustbefinishedatonce(被动语态)
这件事必须马上做完。
(五)英语中有一部分动词用作谓语时,形式是主动的,但是表示的意思却是被动的。
通常有以下两种情况:
★转化为系动词的感官动词,如look/sound/taste/feel/smell等。
★由少数及物动词转化来的不及物动词,如read/sell/wash/wear/write等。
1.Thissweater_______(wash)better.
2.Greatchanges____(take)placeinourcountryinthelast30years.
3.Theseapples___(sell)wellbecausethey_______(look)nice.
4.—Doyoulikethedress?
—Yes,it_______(feel)verysoft.
5.Thepen__(write)verywell,soI’dliketobuyoneformysister.
学以致用——
1.Knivesforcuttingthings.(use)
2. LiMing(ask)toattendthemeetingyesterday.
3. Somepresents(buy)bymysisterformeeverybirthday.
4.thecake(make)byyourmotheryesterday?
5.Theworkers(make)(work)for12hoursbythebosseveryday.
6. Manystars(cansee)atnight.
7. Yourbike(mustnotput)there.
8.Computers___________(oftenuse)inourmathslessons.
9.Thebook“TomSawyer”__________(write)byMarkTwain.
10.Theplay_________(show)againnextmonth.
11.Justnowhe_____(be)askedifthemeeting______(hold)nextFriday.
12.Thetreesshould_______(water)oftenafterthey______(plant).
13.Greatchanges_______(take)placeinmyhometownduringthelastthreeyears.
14.Ifit______(think)carefully,itwill_____(do)better.
15.When______themeeting_____(have),todayortomorrow?
16.Mybook_______(keep)onthatshelffortwodays.
用词的适当形式填空
1. Studyhard,andyou________(do)wellinRussian.
2. Don’tworry!
Maybeyourpen__________(take)bymistake.
3. Nextweekwe________(go)toseethePyramidsinEgypt.They________(built)thousandsofyearsago.
4. What____(happen)justnow?
Awoman____(kill)bythemurderer.
5. -______thedictionary_______(give)toLiPing?
- No,itisstillinmyschoolbag.
6. Listen!
Thesong___(teach)ontheradionow.It_(sound)beautiful.
7. You_______(keep)themagazinefortwoweeks,soit_______(mustreturn)tothelibrarytomorrow.
8. _____flowers______(grow)herenextspring?
9. Anewpairofshoes______(make)forhimbyhismothernow.
10. I______(tell)thatanewstation_____(build)now.
11. _____he_____(give)anewcoatsoon?
12. Threehundredtickets_______(notsell)outyet.
13. Englishis_____usedintheworld.(wide)
15. Heshouldbe_____(thank)forwhatyouhavedoneforhim.
16. MissReadlovedthechildrenandshe______(love)bythechildren.
17. Ateightlastnightwe_______(teach)bytheoldwomanhow_
______(make)cakes.
单选选择:
1.—Whyistheresomuchnoiseoutside?
—Becauseanewroad_______nearby.
A.isbeingbuiltB.willbuildC.wasbuiltD.hasbuilt
2.Mybrother______ajobinabank,buthedidn'tacceptit.
A.isofferedB.offeredC.wasofferedD.hasoffered
3.—Whatdoesthissignmean?
—Itmeansthattravelers_______usemobilephoneswhileflying.
A.don’tallowtoB.aren'tallowedto
C.won’tallowtoD.didn'tallowto
4.—Doyoubelievetherearealiens?
—No,Idon’tthinkaliens_______.
A.canfindB.foundC.canbefoundD.can’tbefound
5.Fewstudentscanunderstandthesentenceuntilit_______threetimes.
A.explainsB.isexplainedC.willbeexplainedD.explained
6.Tomorrowthere’saprogrammeaboutourschoolonTV.Thenit_______bymillionsofpeople.
A.willseeB.sawC.willbeseenD.wasseen
7.Lastweekend,Jack___toabirthdaypartyandhehadalotoffun.
A.inviteB.wasinvitedC.invitedD.isinvited
8..Whenwillthebirthdayparty________,onMondayeveningorTuesdayevening?
A.holdB.beheldC.heldD.beholding
9.—Who’sthelittlebabyinthephoto,LiYing?
—It’sme.Thisphoto________fourteenyearsago.
A.istakenB.tookC.takesD.wastaken
10.Anofficial____byreportersonfoodproblemsinShanghaiyesterday.
A.isinterviewingB.isinterviewed
C.wasinterviewingD.wasinterviewed
- 配套讲稿:
如PPT文件的首页显示word图标,表示该PPT已包含配套word讲稿。双击word图标可打开word文档。
- 特殊限制:
部分文档作品中含有的国旗、国徽等图片,仅作为作品整体效果示例展示,禁止商用。设计者仅对作品中独创性部分享有著作权。
- 关 键 词:
- 温州中考英语专题汇编被动语态 学案设计无答案 温州 中考 英语 专题 汇编 被动 语态 设计 答案