高考英语一轮总复习 考点集训 介词及介词短语.docx
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高考英语一轮总复习 考点集训 介词及介词短语.docx
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高考英语一轮总复习考点集训介词及介词短语
介词及介词短语
A 基础达标练
Ⅰ.单句语法填空
1.(2016·浙江卷)Thatyoungmanishonest,cooperative,alwaystherewhenyouneedhishelp.________short,he'sreliable.
2.(2016·全国卷Ⅰ)ButmyconnectionwithPandasgoesback________mydaysonaTVshowinthemid-1980s.
3.(2016·四川卷)Themothercontinuedtocarefortheyoungpanda________morethantwoyears.
4.(2016·全国卷Ⅲ)InIndia,forexample,mostpeopletraditionallyeat________theirhands.
5.(2015·广东卷)Whilemakinggreateffortstorunaway,shefelloverthehillanddied.ThentheJohnsonshadtomakealiving________thecow.
6.(2016·课标全国Ⅱ改编)Hereportedthecase________thepoliceandthensatthere,lostandlonelyinastrangecity.
7.Finally,in1966,PresidentLyndonJohnsondeclaredthethirdSundayofJune________Father'sDay.
8.(2017·湖北宜昌教学协作体联考)________theend,theyoungmenfoundthatworkinghardistrulyatreasureinitself.
9.(2015·浙江改编)Haveyoueverheardofthetreesthatarehomes________animalsbothonlandandsea?
10.(2016·北京海淀期中改编)Atthebadnews,thewomanputherhands________hereyesandcriedout.
11.(2017·陕西西安八校联考改编)ThedictionaryiswhatIwant,butIdon'thaveenoughmoney________me.
12.(2016·全国卷Ⅱ)Mostofusaremorefocused________ourtasksinthemorningthanwearelaterintheday.
13.(2015·全国卷Ⅱ)Whenanewdaybreaks,thewallshavegivenuptheirheatandarenowcoldenoughtocoolthehouseduringthehotday;________thesametime,theywarmupagainforthenight.
14.(2014·全国卷Ⅱ)Whenthebusfinallycame,weallhurriedonboard.Igotaplacenext________thewindow,soIhadagoodviewofthesidewalk.
15.(2017·福建单科质检改编)IwasborninatowncalledBlackburn,andlivedtheretillIlefthome________theageofeighteen.
Ⅱ.单句语法改错
1.(2016·浙江卷)Whiletheychatted,myfatherwouldliftmysisterandmeuptositinthetopofthefridge.________
2.(2015·全国卷Ⅰ)Unfortunately,onthedevelopmentofindustrialization,theenvironmenthasbeenpolluted.________
3.(2014·全国卷Ⅰ)Nearlyfiveyearsago,andwiththehelpbyourfather,mysisterandIplantedsomecherrytomatoes(圣女果)inourbackgarden.________
4.(2014·全国卷Ⅱ)Wedon'tneedtodosomuchhomework.Therefore,wehavemoretimewithafter-schoolactivities.________
5.(2016·全国卷Ⅰ)Myunclesaysthatheneverdreamsbecomingrichinashortperiodoftime.________
6.(2015·全国卷Ⅱ)Tonysawatoyonashopwindow.________
7.(2014·课标全国卷Ⅱ)Wecanlieonthegrassforarest,orsitbythelakelisteningmusic.________
8.(2017·湖北四地七校联考)Firstofall,weshouldmakeitaruletoeathealthyfood,incaseunhealthyfooddoesharmforourhealth.________
9.(2016·山西第四次诊断)Toimprovemygrades,Ipaidmoreattentionfortheteachers'talkinginclass.________
10.(2017·河南洛阳一模)ThankyouforsendingtometheScheduleforSummerEnglishCourses.________
Ⅲ.语法填空
(2017·黑龙江省实验中学模拟)Whensomeonehasdeeplyhurtyou,itcanbeverydifficulttoletgoofyouranger.Butforgivenessispossible—anditcanbesurprisingly__1__(benefit)toyourphysicalandmentalhealth.Sofar,research__2__(show)thatpeoplewhoforgivecanhavemoreenergy,betterappetiteandbettersleep.“Peoplewhoforgiveshow__3__(little)angerandmorehopefulness,”saysDrFredericLuskin,whowrotethebookForgiveforGood.“Soitcanhelpreducethetirednessoutoftheimmunesystemandallowpeople__4__(feel)moreenergetic.”
Sowhensomeonehashurtyou,cooldownfirst.Takeacoupleofbreathsandthinkofsomething__5__givesyoupleasure:
abeautifulsceneinnature,orsomeoneyoulove.Don'twaitforan__6__(apologize).“Manytimesthepersonwhohurtyoumayneverthinkofapologizing,”saysDrLuskin.“Theymayhavewantedtohurtyouortheyjustdon'tseethingsin__7__sameway.Soifyouwaitforpeopletosaysorry,youcouldbewaitingaverylongtime.”
Nextkeepinmindthatforgivenessdoesnotnecessarilymean__8__(accept)theactionofthepersonwhoupsetsyou.Instead,learntolookforthelove,beautyandkindnessaroundyou.Finally,trytoseethings__9__theotherperson'sperspective.Youmayrealizethatheorshewasactingoutofignorance.Togainperspective,youmaywanttowritealetterto__10__(you)fromthatperson'spointofview.
Ⅳ.短文改错
(2017·安徽合肥一模)Forstudentslearninginstruments,summerisalwaysa“musicseason”.Duringvacationtimes,wearealwaysbusyattendingvariouslylessons,takingexamsandparticipatingincompetitions.ThissummerIjoinedamusiccompetitionbutwasluckytogetthesecondplace.ItwasthefirsttimethatIhadplayedonthestageinfrontofsuchmanypeople.Ifeltveryupsetatfirst,buttheencouragefrommyteacherkeepsmegoingahead.Surprising,Iwasgiventhesilvermedal,thatincreasedmyconfidence.Ifwetryourbesttogetahead,wewillbeabletoachievewhatwedesireanddeserveit.
B 能力提升练
Ⅰ.阅读理解
A
Theworldisgettingwarmer.Animalshavebeguntochangeinresponsetothenewcondition.Andsomeofthemhavebecomesmaller.Somescientiststhoughtthismightbeanadaptationtoawarmerworld,smallerbodiesshouldbeabletoloseheatbetter.ButnowanewstudypublishedinSciencehasfoundthatforredknotbirds,that'snotthecase.
EcologistJanvanGilsandhiscolleagueshavebeenstudyingthesebirdsfor33years.Overthecourseoftheirresearch,vanGilsandhisteamhavefoundthatinRussiawheretheredknotssummer,snowmeltandspringhavebeenadvancingbyhalfadayperyearonaverage.Overmorethanthirtyyears,theresearcherscaughtandmeasurednearly2,000birds.Inyearswhenthesnowmelthadarrivedparticularlyearly,thebirdswerelikelytobesmallerandhaveshorterbills(鸟嘴).
ThebirdsleavethecoastofWesternAfrica,wheretheywinter,andflynorthtowardRussiawithnoclueastowhattheweatherislikethere.Thebirdsaresupposedtoarriveinspring,sotheycanlaytheireggsandwhentheirchickshatchout,therewillbeawealthofarthropod(节肢动物)insectstofeedtheiryoung.
Buteventhoughtheredknotsareadvancingtheirarrivaldatebyaboutaquarterofadayperyear,itisnotenoughtokeepupwiththesnowmelt.Andinyearswhenthesnowmeltarrivesearly,thearthropodsreachthegreatestquantitybeforethebirdsneedthem.Therefore,chicksmissoutoneatingwellandtheygrowuptobesmallerandhaveshorterbills.
Beingsmallerandhavingashorterbillisn'taprobleminRussia—butitisinAfrica.There,adultbirdsfeedonthin-shelledbivalves(双壳贝类),Loripeslucinalis.Butthebivalvesareburieddeep.However,otheroptions,Dosiniaisocardiabivalvesandseagrassrhizomes(根茎),whichonlytheyoungestbirdsrelyon,arenotabundantornutritious.
VanGilsandhiscolleaguesfoundthat,intheirfirstyear,shorter-billedredknotsdon'tsurviveaswellinAfrica.“Afewshort-billedbirdsmakeit,”vanGilssays,“butthemajorityofbirdsthatsurvivearethelong-billedbirds.”
1.JanvanGilsandhiscolleaguesreachedtheconclusionby________.
A.comparingredknotswithotherbirds
B.dividing2,000redknotsintoseveralgroups
C.watchingandexaminingredknotsforthreedecades
D.analyzingstudiesthathavebeenpublishedinScience
2.Whatinfluencedoesearlysnowmelthaveonredknots?
A.Theirchicksdon'thaveenoughtoeat.
B.Theireggstakemoretimetohatchout.
C.Theyneedtofindotherplacesforsummer.
D.TheyarriveinRussiahalfadayearliereachyear.
3.Fewadultshort-billedredknotssurviveinAfricabecause________.
A.theycan'tfindarthropodinsectstoeat
B.theycan'taccessLoripeslucinalisbivalves
C.theDosiniaisocardiabivalvestheyneedarerare
D.theseagrassrhizomestheyfeedonarenotnutritious
4.What'sthepurposeofthetext?
A.Totellastory.B.Toprovidefacts.
C.Tomakeanannouncement.D.Toputforwardsuggestions.
B
IBMandLocalMotorsintroducedanewself-drivingelectricvehiclecalled“Olli”inNationalHarbor,Maryland.Thecar—really,asmallbus—iscapableoftransporting12peopleatonce.ItusesIBM's“Watson”system,pullingvastamountsofdataonitssurroundingsfromavarietyofsources.
Forexample,ifyouusethecarenoughitcouldeventuallyfigureoutyourgeneralpathtoworkeverymorning.Ifyou'rerunninglateoneday—orWatsonusesweatherdatatofigureoutthatit'sabouttorain,orthattrafficwillgetworse—Ollimighttellyouthere'snotimeforcoffee.Askitwhenyou'llarriveatyourdestinationanditcananswer.
ThevehiclewillbeavailabletothepublicinNationalHarborat“selecttimes”thissummer.Laterthisyear,itwillbeusedinFlorida'sMiami-DadeCountyandLasVegas.
MuchhasbeensaidaboutGoogle'sdriverlesscarprototype(模型)—butJayRogers,CEOofLocalMotors,asmallexperimentalcarmaker,saysthere'saproblemwiththeGoogle'sbusinessmodel.
“Googledoesn'tmakecars,”heexplained.Whilethat'snotstrictlytrue—thecompanydoeshaveitsownself-drivingcarprototype—GoogleisworkingwithtraditionalautomakerslikeFiatChryslertogetitsvehiclesonpublicroads.
Butdriverlesscarsaren'tlegalineverystate.“AcompanylikeFiatChryslerwon'tputoutvehiclestheycan'tselleverywhere,”Rogerssaid.
RogersbelievesLocalMotorsisnimbleenoughtobeanindustryleader.ThecompanydesignedOlliin2015andofficiallyapprovedtheprojectthisMarch.Threemonthslater,withIBM,theyhaveaworkingvehicleinMaryland.
We'realongwayawayfromhavingOllieverywhere,ofcourse,butRogerssaysLocalMotors'majorproblemislegislation,nottechnology.They'realreadyequippedtoproduceanddeliverthecarswhereverthere'sdemand—thoughit'sasmallcompany,sodon'texpecttoomanyofthem.
5.What'sOlli'smajorfeature?
A.Itisanelectricvehicle.
B.Itdoesn'tneedadriver.
C.Itcantake12peopleatonc
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