OpenDCl最新.docx
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OpenDCl最新.docx
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OpenDCl最新
OpenDCLTutorial:
DCLHasEvolved!
BarryRalphs
Introduction:
Iknowwhatyou’rethinking:
"WhylearnOpenDCLwhenthere'sVBAand.NET?
"Ifyou
haven’talreadyheard,VBAisn’tgoingtobearoundmuchlongeranddoyoureallywanttoportyour
hundredsofLisproutinesto.NET?
ThistutorialwillintroduceyoutothebasicsofOpenDCLanditsabilities.
We’lldiscusshowtoeasilydesignstunningGUIs(GraphicalUserInterfaces)foryourLisproutines,andwe’ll
alsocoveradvancedtopics,suchassecurelyembeddingyourUIintoaVLXfileforpublicdistribution.You
shouldhavegeneralAutoCAD®andAutoLISP®knowledge.
AbouttheAuthor:
BarryRalphsiscurrentlytheCADmanagerforTippingMar&Associates,astructuralengineeringfirmin
Berkeley,CA.Priortohiscurrentposition,hespentnearlysixyearsastheCADmanagerforARUPLos
Angeles.BarryhasbeencustomizingAutoCAD®withOpenDCLanditspredecessorObjectDCL,sinceits
introductionin2001.HeisthewebmasterforOpenDCL.com,haswrittenanumberofthesampleprojects
thatinstallwithOpenDCLStudio.Heisalsooneoftheleadbetatestersfortheproject.Youcanusuallyfind
himintheOpenDCLsupportforumshelpingoutothernewcomerstotheprojectundertheusername
"BazzaCAD".
barry.ralphs@
OpenDCLTutorial:
DCLHasEvolved!
GettingstartedwithOpenDCL
Thefirstthingyou’llneedtodoisvisittheOpenDCL.comwebsiteandclickthe“Download”link
onthesidebarofthepage.You’llthenbetakentothedownloadpageonSourceFfor
theOpenDCLproject.UnderthelistofPackagestodownload,select“OpenDCLStudio”.At
thispointyouwon’tneedtodownloadthe“Runtime”asitwillbeinstalledwiththe“Studio”.Now
underthelistofFilenames,selectyourpreferredlanguagecodetodownload,English(ENU),
German(DEU),Chinese(CHS),Spanish(ESM),andFrench(FRA).Afterthedownloadis
complete,justruntheMSIfileanditwillbeinstalledinlessthan1minute.
Youshouldnowhavean“OpenDCLStudio”icononyourdesktop;doubleclickitnow
tolaunchit.SeetheimagebelowformoreinformationabouttheStudioworkspace.
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OpenDCLTutorial:
DCLHasEvolved!
NowisagoodtimetoseewhatOpenDCL[ODCL]cando.TheStudioinstallsanumberof
samplesthatdemonstrateitscapabilities.OpenWindowsExplorerandbrowseto“C:
\Program
Files\OpenDCLStudio\ENU\Samples”.ThisisthetypicalinstalllocationfortheEnglishversion
ofODCLonaWindows32bitOS.Dragthe“_MasterDemo.lsp”fileintoyourAutoCADdrawing
window.
ThiswilldisplayaDockedControlBarform
withanumberofbuttons.Eachbuttonwill
launchadifferentexample.Clickthrough
eachofthesamples,toseewhatODCLcan
do.Afterexploringthesampleprojects,
you'rereadytostartyourfirstprojectwith
OpenDCL.
BasicLevel1:
Creatingyourfirst“HelloWorld”project.
InOpenDCLStudio,pick“AddModalDialog”fromthemaintoolbarorthe“Project”pull-down.
Anewformwillappearintheeditingarea.Theform'sgridisprovidedasanaidtopositioning
controls.YoucansetthespacingofthegridbyselectingtheToolsmenu>GridSpacing.You
canalsochoosenottodisplayitatallbysettingthespacingto0.
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OpenDCLTutorial:
DCLHasEvolved!
Forthisexampleresizetheformbydraggingthebottomrightborder,orbychangingthe
“Height”&“Width”inthePropertiesPanelto80&250.
Nowplacea“Label”anda“TextButton”onthe
formbyclickingtheirbuttonsontheControlPanel
Toolbox,thendraggingarectangleoutonthe
form’ssurface.
Changethe“Caption”propertyofthebuttonto
“OK”.Theformshouldnowlooksimilartothis:
Savetheprojectfileas“HelloWorld.odcl”toanAutoCADsupportdirectoryoranotherdirectory
ofyourchoicethatisinAutoCAD'ssearchpath.
IfAutoCADisn’talreadyrunning,goaheadandlaunchitnowandopentheVisualLISPeditor
(typeVLIDEatthecommandline).CreateanewLISPfileandsaveitas“HelloWorld.lsp”inthe
samelocationastheprojectfile(intheAutoCADsearchpath).Typeoutorcopyandpastethe
codebelowintothenewfile.
;EnsuretheappropriateOpenDCLARXfileisloaded
(command"OPENDCL")
(defunc:
Hello()
;callthemethodtoloadtheHelloWorld.odclfile.
(dcl_Project_Load"HelloWorld"T)
;callthemethodtoshowtheHelloWorlddialogboxexample
(dcl_Form_ShowHelloWorld_Form1)
(princ)
)
NowsavetheLSPfileandloaditintoAutoCADbyhittingCTRL+ALT+E.Youcannowrun
yourcommandbytypingHELLOatthecommandline.Thenewdialogshouldpopopenand
lookthesameasitdidintheODCLStudio.Notethatnothinghappenswhenyoutrytoclickon
theOKbutton.ThisisbecausetheOKbuttonhasn’tbeenassignedanEventyet.Also,note
thatwhilethisdialogisopen,youcan’tinteractwithAutoCAD.Thisiscalleda“ModalDialog”,
asthat’sthetypeofdialogwechosewhenwecreatedit.Toclosethedialog,clicktheredXin
theupperrightcorner.
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OpenDCLTutorial:
DCLHasEvolved!
Nowlet’sputthe“Hello”intoour“HelloWorld”project.Nowthatwehaveourformdesigned,
wecanaddthecodetoactuallymakeitdosomething.Toaccomplishthis,we’regoingtouse
Events.GobacktotheStudioandselecttheformwithoutselectinganyofthecontrols.
NexttothePropertiestabistheEventstab.Inityou
canselectthetypesofeventsyou’dliketoassociate
withacontrolorform.Eacheventhaspre-written
templatecodeandabriefdescriptiononitatthe
bottomofthewindow.Selectthe“Events”tab,then
putachecknexttothe“Initialize”event.Thiswill
displaythepre-writtendefuncodefortheOnInitialize
function.Nowhitthe“ClipboardCopy”buttonandthe
codewillbewrittentoyourclipboard.TheOnInitialize
functionisdesignedtorunwheneverthedialogis
abouttobeshown.Itcanbeusedtoperformany
numberoftasksandinthenextstepwe’llmodifyitto
includesomethinguseful(thedefaultisasimple
messagebox).
GobacktotheVisualLISPeditor[VLIDE]andpaste
thecodeintoyourfile,itshouldlooklikethis:
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OpenDCLTutorial:
DCLHasEvolved!
NowbackintheStudio,double-clickonLabel1.Anewwindowcalledthe“ControlBrowser”will
openwithalistoffunctionsthatcanbeusedwiththeLabelcontrol.Nearthetopintheleft
handlist,clickonthe“Caption”property.Therighthandwindowshowsdetailsaboutuseofthe
“Caption”propertyaredisplayed.Clickonthe“CopytoClipboard”
buttonnextto“Set
Function”.
SavetheODCLfileandswitchbackovertoVLIDE.Updatethe
c:
HelloWorld_Form1_OnInitializefunctionwiththenew“SetCaption”code.e.g.deletethe
dcl_MessageBox...lineandreplaceitwiththecodeonyourclipboard.You’llalsoneedto
changetheargumentforthe“SetCaption”code.Replace“NewValue[asString]”with"Hello
World"(don’tforgetthedoublequotes,asthisargumentexpectsastringvalue).The
completedfunctionshouldappearasbelow:
(defunc:
HelloWorld_Form1_OnInitialize(/)
(dcl_Control_SetCaptionHelloWorld_Form1_Label1"HelloWorld!
")
)
SaveyourLSPfileandloaditintoAutoCADagain,runtheHELLOcommandandnotethe
Labelnowsays“HelloWorld!
”insteadof“Label1”.ThisisbecausetheOnInitializeeventfires
beforetheformisshownandchangesthelabels“Caption”property.Insteadofhardcoding
“HelloWorld”intoourODCLprojectatdesign-time,we’vegivenourcodetheabilitytochange
thelabelon-the-flyoratrun-time.NotetheOKbuttonstilldoesn’tdoanything,solet’sfixthat
now.
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OpenDCLTutorial:
DCLHasEvolved!
ThistimearoundinsteadofcopyingtheEventcodetoourclipboard,we’regoingtosaveour
selvesafewclicks.BackintheStudioundertheToolspull-downmenu,select“WriteEventsto
LispFile”.NowselecttheOKbutton,andswitchtotheEventstab,ifit’snotalreadyselected.
Checkthe“Clicked”event,andthenhitthe“AddtoFile”button.Awindowwillopenaskingyou
to“SpecifyProjectAutoLISPFile”.Choosethe“HelloWorld.lsp”file,andthensavetheODCL
project.WhenyouswitchbacktoVLIDE,you’llgetaMessageBoxsaying“Revertbuffertodisk
contentsoffile”YES\NO,ChooseYesandyou’llnoticethe
c:
HelloWorld_Form1_TextButton1_OnClickedEventcodeappearatthebottomofyourLSP
file.WARNING:
ifyoudidn’tpreviouslysaveyourworkintheVLIDE,itwillbeoverwrittenwhen
youreloadorreverttothediskcontents,soremembertosaveoften.
IntheStudio,double-clickonablankareaoftheformtoopenthe“ControlBrowser”.Clickon
the“Close”Method(theonewiththegreenbox,nottheCloseEventwiththelightningbolt).
Clickthe“CopytoClipboard”buttonnexttoSyntax.NowinVLIDEpasteitintotheOnClicked
Eventsoitlooksasfollows:
(defunc:
HelloWorld_Form1_TextButton1_OnClicked(/)
(dcl_Form_CloseHelloWorld_Form1)
)
SaveyourLSPagain&reloaditintoAutoCADandruntheHELLOcommandonemoretime.
NowwhenyouclicktheOKbuttontheformwillbeclosed.
Let’sseeifwecanmakethe“HelloWorld”projectalittlemoreinteractive.Adda“TextBox”
controlundertheLabel,soitlookslikethis:
Remove“TextBox1”fromthe“Text”propertyofthenewlyaddedcontrol.Double-clickonthe
TextBoxandselectthe“Text”Propertyontheleftcolumn.NowcopytheGetFunctioncodeto
theclipboard.SavetheprojectatswitchbacktoVLIDE.
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OpenDCLTutorial:
DCLHasEvolved!
PastetheGetTextcodeintotheOnClickedEventcodeblockandupdatetherestofthecode
blockasfollows:
(defunc:
HelloWorld_Form1_TextButton1_OnClicked(/)
(setqsText(dcl_Control_GetTextHelloWorld_Form1_TextBox1))
(dcl_messagebox
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