英文演讲我们该选择死亡吗.docx
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英文演讲我们该选择死亡吗.docx
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英文演讲我们该选择死亡吗
英文演讲:
我们该选择死亡吗?
shallwechoosedeath?
bertrandrusselldecember30,1954iamspeakingnotasabriton,notasaeuropean,notasamemberofawesterndemocracy,butasahumanbeing,amemberofthespeciesman,whosecontinuedexistenceisindoubt.theworldisfullofconflicts:
jewsandarabs;indiansandpakistanis;whitemenandnegroesinafrica;and,overshadowingallminorconflicts,thetitanicstrugglebetweencommunismandanticommunism.almosteverybodywhoispoliticallyconscioushasstrongfeelingsaboutoneormoreoftheseissues;butiwantyou,ifyoucan,tosetasidesuchfeelingsforthemomentandconsideryourselfonlyasamemberofabiologicalspecieswhichhashadaremarkablehistoryandwhosedisappearancenoneofuscandesire.ishalltrytosaynosinglewordwhichshouldappealtoonegroupratherthantoanother.all,equally,areinperil,and,iftheperilisunderstood,thereishopethattheymaycollectivelyavertit.wehavetolearntothinkinanewway.wehavetolearntoaskourselvesnotwhatstepscanbetakentogivemilitaryvictorytowhatevergroupweprefer,fortherenolongeraresuchsteps.thequestionwehavetoaskourselvesis:
whatstepscanbetakentopreventamilitarycontestofwhichtheissuemustbedisastroustoallsides?
thegeneralpublic,andevenmanymeninpositionsofauthority,havenotrealizedwhatwouldbeinvolvedinawarwithhydrogenbombs.thegeneralpublicstillthinksintermsoftheobliterationofcities.itisunderstoodthatthenewbombsaremorepowerfulthantheoldandthat,whileoneatomicbombcouldobliteratehiroshima,onehydrogenbombcouldobliteratethelargestcitiessuchaslondon,newyork,andmoscow.nodoubtinahydrogen-bombwargreatcitieswouldbeobliterated.butthisisoneoftheminordisastersthatwouldhavetobefaced.ifeverybodyinlondon,newyork,andmoscowwereexterminated,theworldmight,inthecourseofafewcenturies,recoverfromtheblow.butwenowknow,especiallysincethebikinitest,thathydrogenbombscangraduallyspreaddestructionoveramuchwiderareathanhadbeensupposed.itisstatedonverygoodauthoritythatabombcannowbemanufacturedwhichwillbe25,000timesaspowerfulasthatwhichdestroyedhiroshima.suchabomb,ifexplodednearthegroundorunderwater,sendsradioactiveparticlesintotheupperair.theysinkgraduallyandreachthesurfaceoftheearthintheformofadeadlydustorrain.itwasthisdustwhichinfectedthejapanesefishermenandtheircatchoffishalthoughtheywereoutsidewhatamericanexpertsbelievedtobethedangerzone.nooneknowshowwidelysuchlethalradioactiveparticlesmightbediffused,butthebestauthoritiesareunanimousinsayingthatawarwithhydrogenbombsisquitelikelytoputanendtothehumanrace.itisfearedthatifmanyhydrogenbombsareusedtherewillbeuniversaldeath-suddenonlyforafortunateminority,butforthemajorityaslowtortureofdiseaseanddisintegration...here,then,istheproblemwhichipresenttoyou,starkanddreadfulandinescapable:
shallweputanendtothehumanrace1orshallmankindrenouncewar?
peoplewillnotfacethisalternativebecauseitissodifficulttoabolishwar.theabolitionofwarwilldemanddistastefullimitationsofnationalsovereignty.butwhatperhapsimpedesunderstandingofthesituationmorethananythingelseisthattheterm‘mankind’feelsvagueandabstract.peoplescarcelyrealizeinimaginationthatthedangeristothemselvesandtheirchildrenandtheirgrandchildren,andnotonlytoadimlyapprehendedhumanity’andsotheyhopethatperhapswarmaybeallowedtocontinueprovidedmodernweaponsareprohibited.iamafraidthishopeisillusory.whateveragreementsnottousehydrogenbombshadbeenreachedintimeofpeace,theywouldnolongerbeconsideredbindingintimeofwar,andbothsideswouldsettoworktomanufacturehydrogenbombsassoonaswarbrokeout,forifonesidemanufacturedthebombsandtheotherdidnot,thesidethatmanufacturedthemwouldinevitablybevictorious...asgeologicaltimeisreckoned,manhassofarexistedonlyforaveryshortperiodonemillionyearsatthemost.whathehasachieved,especiallyduringthelast6,000years,issomethingutterlynewinthehistoryofthecosmos,sofaratleastasweareacquaintedwithit.forcountlessagesthesunroseandset,themoonwaxedandwaned,thestarsshoneinthenight,butitwasonlywiththecomingofmanthatthesethingswereunderstood.inthegreatworldofastronomyandinthelittleworldoftheatom,manhasunveiledsecretswhichmighthavebeenthoughtundiscoverable.inartandliteratureandreligion,somemenhaveshownasublimityoffeelingwhichmakesthespeciesworthpreserving.isallthistoendintrivialhorrorbecausesofewareabletothinkofmanratherthanofthisor
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- 英文 演讲 我们 选择 死亡