GREOverviewWriting.docx
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GREOverviewWriting.docx
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GREOverviewWriting
GRADUATERECORDEXAMINATIONS®
OverviewoftheAnalyticalWritingSection
Copyright©2010byEducationalTestingService.All
rightsreserved.ETS,theETSlogo,GRADUATERECORD
EXAMINATIONS,andGREareregisteredtrademarks
ofEducationalTestingService(ETS)intheUnitedStates
andothercountries.
GraduateRecordExaminations®
OverviewoftheAnalyticalWritingSection
Copyright(c)2010byEducationalTestingService.Allrightsreserved.
Informationforscreenreaderusers:
Thisdocumenthasbeencreatedtobeaccessibletoindividualswhousescreenreaders.Youmaywishtoconsultthemanualorhelpsystemforyourscreenreadertolearnhowbesttotakeadvantageofthefeaturesimplementedinthisdocument.Pleaseconsulttheseparatedocument,GREScreenReaderInstructions.doc,forimportantdetails.
TableofContents
Introduction6
PreparingfortheAnalyticalWritingSection7
Test-TakingStrategiesfortheAnalyticalWritingSection8
HowtheAnalyticalWritingSectionIsScored8
AnalyzeanIssueTask11
UnderstandingtheIssueTask11
UnderstandingtheContextforWriting:
PurposeandAudience12
PreparingfortheAnalyzeanIssueTask13
TheFormofYourResponse16
SampleAnalyzeanIssueTask17
StrategiesforThisTopic17
EssayResponsesandReaderCommentary21
EssayResponse—Score621
ReaderCommentaryforEssayResponse—Score623
EssayResponse—Score523
ReaderCommentaryforEssayResponse—Score525
EssayResponse—Score426
ReaderCommentaryforEssayResponse—Score427
EssayResponse—Score328
ReaderCommentaryforEssayResponse—Score329
EssayResponse—Score230
ReaderCommentaryforEssayResponse—Score231
EssayResponse—Score131
ReaderCommentaryforEssayResponse—Score131
AnalyzeanArgumentTask32
UnderstandingtheAnalyzeanArgumentTask32
UnderstandingtheContextforWriting:
PurposeandAudience34
PreparingfortheAnalyzeanArgumentTask35
HowtoInterpretNumbers,Percentages,andStatisticsinArgumentTopics38
TheFormofYourResponse39
SampleAnalyzeanArgumentTask40
StrategiesforThisTopic41
EssayResponsesandReaderCommentary44
EssayResponse—Score644
ReaderCommentaryforEssayResponse—Score645
EssayResponse—Score546
ReaderCommentaryforEssayResponse—Score548
EssayResponse—Score449
ReaderCommentaryforEssayResponse—Score450
EssayResponse—Score351
ReaderCommentaryforEssayResponse—Score352
EssayResponse—Score253
ReaderCommentaryforEssayResponse—Score253
EssayResponse—Score154
ReaderCommentaryforEssayResponse—Score154
GREScoringGuide:
AnalyzeanIssue55
Score655
Score555
Score456
Score357
Score257
Score158
Score058
GREScoringGuide:
AnalyzeanArgument60
Score660
Score560
Score461
Score362
Score263
Score163
Score064
ScoreLevelDescriptions65
Introduction
TheAnalyticalWritingsectionoftheGraduateRecordExaminations®(GRE®)testsyourcriticalthinkingandanalyticalwritingskills.Itassessesyourabilitytoarticulateandsupportcomplexideas,constructandevaluatearguments,andsustainafocusedandcoherentdiscussion.Itdoesnotassessspecificcontentknowledge.
TheAnalyticalWritingsectionconsistsoftwoseparatelytimedanalyticalwritingtasks:
1.A30-minute“AnalyzeanIssue”task
2.A30-minute“AnalyzeanArgument”task
(Notethatthetimeslistedarestandardtimes,andthattesttakersapprovedforaccommodationsinvolvingextendedtimewillhavetheamountoftimeapprovedbyE T S.)
TheAnalyzeanIssuetaskpresentsanopiniononanissueofbroadinterestfollowedbyspecificinstructionsonhowtorespondtothatissue.Youarerequiredtoevaluatetheissue,takingintoconsiderationitscomplexities,andtodevelopanargumentthatincludesreasonsandexamplessupportingyourviews.
TheAnalyzeanArgumenttaskpresentsadifferentchallengefromthatoftheAnalyzeanIssuetask:
itrequiresyoutoevaluateagivenargumentaccordingtospecificinstructions.Youwillneedtoconsiderthelogicalsoundnessoftheargumentratherthantoagreeordisagreewiththepositionitpresents.
Thetwotasksarecomplementaryinthatonerequiresyoutoconstructyourownargumentbytakingapositionandprovidingevidencesupportingyourviewsontheissue,whiletheotherrequiresyoutoevaluatesomeoneelse’sargumentbyassessingitsclaimsandevaluatingtheevidenceitprovides.
PreparingfortheAnalyticalWritingSection
Everyone—eventhemostpracticedandconfidentofwriters—shouldspendsometimepreparingfortheAnalyticalWritingsectionbeforearrivingatthetestcenter.Itisimportanttoreviewtheskillsmeasured,howthesectionisscored,scoringguidesandscoreleveldescriptions,sampletopics,scoredsampleessayresponses,andreadercommentary.
ThetasksintheAnalyticalWritingsectionrelatetoabroadrangeofsubjects—fromthefineartsandhumanitiestothesocialandphysicalsciences—butnotaskrequiresspecificcontentknowledge.Infact,eachtaskhasbeenfield-testedtoensurethatitpossessesseveralimportantcharacteristics,includingthefollowing:
1.GREtesttakers,regardlessoftheirfieldofstudyorspecialinterests,understoodthetaskandcouldeasilyrespondtoit.
2.Thetaskelicitedthekindsofcomplexthinkingandpersuasivewritingthatgraduateschoolfacultyconsiderimportantforsuccessingraduateschool.
3.Theresponseswerevariedincontentandinthewaythewritersdevelopedtheirideas.
TohelpyoupreparefortheAnalyticalWritingsectionoftheGREGeneralTest,theGREProgramhaspublishedtheentirepoolofAnalyzeanIssueandAnalyzeanArgumenttasksfromwhichyourtesttaskswillbeselected.YoumightfindithelpfultoreviewtheIssueandArgumenttasksincludedinthepool.YoucanviewthepublishedpoolontheWebatwww.ets.org/greoryoucanobtainacopybywritingtoGREProgram,POBox6000,Princeton,NJ08541-6000.
Test-TakingStrategiesfortheAnalyticalWritingSection
Itisimportanttobudgetyourtime.Withinthe30-minutetimelimitfortheAnalyzeanIssuetask,youwillneedtoallowsufficienttimetoconsidertheissueandthespecificinstructions,planaresponse,andcomposeyouressay.Withinthe30-minutetimelimitfortheAnalyzeanArgumenttask,youwillneedtoallowsufficienttimetoconsidertheargumentandthespecificinstructions,planaresponse,andcomposeyouressay.AlthoughGREreadersunderstandthetimeconstraintsunderwhichyouwriteandwillconsideryourresponseafirstdraft,youstillwantittobethebestpossibleexampleofyourwritingthatyoucanproduceunderthetestingconditions.
Saveafewminutesattheendofeachtimedtasktocheckforobviouserrors.Althoughanoccasionalspellingorgrammaticalerrorwillnotaffectyourscore,severeandpersistenterrorswilldetractfromtheoveralleffectivenessofyourwritingandthusloweryourscore.
HowtheAnalyticalWritingSectionIsScored
Eachresponseisholisticallyscoredona6-pointscaleaccordingtothecriteriapublishedintheGREAnalyticalWritingScoringGuides(seethesectionsGREScoringGuide:
AnalyzeanIssue,page55,andGREScoringGuide:
AnalyzeanArgument,page60).Holisticscoringmeansthateachresponseisjudgedasawhole:
readersdonotseparatetheresponseintocomponentpartsandawardacertainnumberofpointsforaparticularcriterionorelementsuchasideas,organization,sentencestructure,orlanguage.Instead,readersassignscoresbasedontheoverallqualityoftheresponse,consideringallofitscharacteristicsinanintegratedway.Excellentorganizationorpoororganization,forexample,willbepartofthereaders’overallimpressionoftheresponseandwillthereforecontributetothescore,butorganization,asadistinctfeature,receivesnospecificscore.
AllGREreadershaveundergonecarefultraining,passedstringentGREqualifyingtests,anddemonstratedthattheyareabletomaintainscoringaccuracy.
Toensurefairnessandobjectivityinscoring,thefollowingproceduresareused:
1.Responsesarerandomlydistributedtoreaders.
2.Allidentifyinginformationaboutthetesttakersisconcealedfromthereaders.
3.Eachresponseisscoredbytworeaders.
4.Readersdonotknowwhatotherscoresaresponsereceived.
5.Thescoringprocedurerequiresthateachresponsereceiveidenticaloradjacentscoresfromtworeaders;anyotherscorecombinationisadjudicatedbyathirdGREreader.
Thescoresgivenforthetwotasksarethenaveragedforafinalreportedscore.Thescoreleveldescriptions,presentedonpage65,provideinformationabouthowtointerpretthetotalscoreontheAnalyticalWritingsection.TheprimaryemphasisinscoringtheAnalyticalWritingsectionisoncriticalthinkingandanalyticalwritingskills.
YouressayresponsesontheAnalyticalWritingsectionwillbereviewedbyE T Sessaysimilaritydetectionsoftwareandbyexperiencedessayreadersduringthescoringprocess.InlightofthehighvalueplacedonindependentintellectualactivitywithinUnitedStatesgraduateschoolsanduniversities,E T Sreservestherighttocanceltestscoresofanytesttakerwhenthereissubstantialevidencethatanessayresponseincludes,butisnotlimitedto,anyofthefollowing:
1.TextthatissubstantiallysimilartothatfoundinoneormoreotherGREessayresponses
2.Quotingorparaphrasing,withoutattribution,languageorideasthatappearinpublishedorunpublishedsources
3.Unacknowledgeduseofworkthathasbeenproducedthroughcollaborationwithotherswithoutcitationofthecontributionofothers
4.Textsubmittedasworkoftheexamineewhentheideasorwordshave,infact,bee
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