学年高中英语Module5ALessoninaLabSectionⅠIntroduction.docx
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学年高中英语Module5ALessoninaLabSectionⅠIntroduction.docx
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学年高中英语Module5ALessoninaLabSectionⅠIntroduction
Module5ALessoninaLabSectionⅠIntroduction&Reading-Pre-reading
Therearetwokindsofchange—chemicalchangeandphysicalchange.
Inachemicalchange,thereisalwaysanewsubstanceformed.Breakingupwaterintohydrogen(氢气)andoxygenisachemicalchange.Ineachofthechemicalchangeatleastonenewsubstance(物质)isformed.Achangeisnotachemicalchangeifitdoesn’tformanewsubstance.
Physicalchangesareverycommon,too.Therearemanyexamples.Youcanmakeaphysicalchangebytearing(撕扯)apieceofpaperintotwo,orbycuttingapieceofironwithalathe(车床).Herethepaperisstillpaper,andtheironisstilliron.
Anotherwayofmakingphysicalchangeisdissolving(溶解)somethinginwater.Whenyoudissolvesaltinwater,thesaltdisappears.Youmaythinkthatanewsubstancehasbeenformed.Butinfactthereisnonewsubstance.Thesaltisstillsalt.Youcanstilltasteit.Sothedissolvingofanythingisaphysicalchange.
Whenwaterfreezes,thechangeisalsoaphysicalone.Thewaterchangesfromliquidtosolid.Butitisstillthesamesubstance.Thatiswhythefreezingofanythingisaphysicalchange.
Andpeopleoftentellthedifferencesbetweenachemicalchangeandaphysicalchangethroughsomeexperiments.Inthismodule,let’sexplorethemagicalscienceworldbydoingexperimentsbyourselves.
Section_Ⅰ
Introduction&Reading—Prereading
PassageA
It’shardtothinkofaworldwithoutmetals①.Differentmetalshavedifferentuses②,forexample,steelisusedincars,andironisusedinelectrical③equipment④.Whenweusemetals,itisimportanttoknowhowtheyreactwithdifferentsubstances⑤,forexample,waterandoxygen⑥.Thereaction⑦ofmetalswiththesesubstancescanbeputinorder⑧.Hereisatablewiththemetals⑨thatreactmostatthetop
,andthemetalsthatreactleastatthebottom⑪.
Metal
Heatedinoxygen
Reactionwithwaterorsteam⑮
Potassium
Burnstoform⑫
anoxide⑬
Reactingwithcoldwater
Sodium
Calcium
Magnesium
Reactingwithsteam
Aluminium
Zinc
Iron
Reactsslowly
Partialreaction
Copper
Partial⑭reaction
Noreaction
*anoxide=anothersubstance+oxygen
①thinkof想出;想象
句中it是形式主语,真正的主语是tothinkof...
②usen.用途;功能,此处为可数名词。
③electrical/I’lektrIkl/adj.与电有关的;用电的
④equipment/I’kwIpmənt/n.设备;装备,不可数名词
⑤react/ri’ækt/vi.(化学)反应
reactwith与……起反应
substance/’sʌbstəns/n.物质
when引导时间状语从句,主句中it是形式主语,不定式短语是真正的主语;how引导宾语从句。
⑥oxygen/’ɒksIdʒən/n.氧气
⑦reaction/ri’ækʃn/n.反应
reactionwith与……的反应
⑧put...inorder把……按顺序排列
⑨metaln.金属
⑩atthetop在顶端
⑪atthebottom在底部
Hereisatable...是完全倒装句;that引导定语从句,修饰metals。
⑫form/fɔːm/vi.形成
⑬oxide/’ɒksaId/n.氧化物
⑭partial/’paːʃl/adj.部分的;局部的
⑮steam/stiːm/n.蒸汽;水汽
A篇
[课文译文]
很难想象一个没有金属的世界。
不同的金属有不同的用途,例如,钢材被用于汽车中,铁被用于电器设备中。
当我们使用金属时,了解它们和不同的物质如何发生反应是很重要的,比如,水和氧气。
(不同的)金属与这些物质的反应程度可以按顺序排列起来。
右面表格中的金属反应最强的排在上面,反应最弱的排在下面。
金属
在有氧状态下加热
与水或水蒸气的反应
钾
燃烧后生成氧化物
与冷水反应
钠
钙
镁
铝
与水蒸气反应
锌
铁
反应缓慢
部分反应
铜
部分反应
不反应
*氧化物=另一种物质+氧气
PassageB
ASimpleScientificExperiment
Belowisadescriptionofasimplescientificexperiment⑯.Itshowsushowironreactswithairandwithwater⑰.
Aim⑱:
Tofindout⑲ifironrusts⑳(a)indryair;(b)inwaterthathasnoairinit(airfree
water);(c)inordinary
water.
Apparatus:
3cleanironnails
;testtubes;testtubeholder;cottonwool;oil;Bunsenburner.
Ironindryair
Method
(1)Putsomeironnailsatthebottomofatesttube.
(2)Pushsomecottonwooldown
thetube.
(3)Leave
thetubeforoneweek.
Result
Afteroneweek,thenailshavenotrusted.
Conclusion
Irondoesnotrustindryair.
⑯Belowisadescription...是完全倒装句。
⑰ironn.铁
how引导的宾语从句和us一起作show的双宾语。
⑱aim/eIm/n.目标;目的
⑲findout弄清
⑳rust/rʌst/vi.生锈
airfreeadj.没有空气的
ordinary/’ɔːdnəri/adj.普通的;平常的
nailn.钉子
downprep.沿着
leavevt.使……处于某状态、某地等
leave+宾语+adj.使……处于某种状态。
conclusion/kən’kluːʒn/n.结论
B篇
[课文译文]一个简单的科学实验
下面是对一个简单科学实验的描述。
这篇文章向我们表明,铁是怎样与空气和水反应的。
目的:
弄清楚铁是否会在下列状态下生锈:
(a)在干燥的空气中;(b)在没有空气的水中(无空气水);(c)在普通的水中。
仪器:
三颗洁净的铁钉,试管,试管夹,棉花,油,本生灯(即煤气灯)。
铁在干燥的空气中
方法
(1)把若干铁钉置于试管底部。
(2)顺着试管塞入一些棉花。
(3)把试管放置一周。
结果
一周后,铁钉未生锈。
结论
铁在干燥的空气中不生锈。
Ironinairfreewater
Method
(1)Halffillatesttubewithwater.
(2)Boil
thewaterforthreeminutes.(Thismakessure
thereisnoairinthewater.)
(3)Puttwoorthreecleannailsinthewater.
(4)Addsomeoilto
thewater.Thiswillkeepairoutof
thewater.
(5)Leavethetubeforoneweek.
Result
Thenailsdonotrustinthetubewithairfreewater.
Conclusion
Irondoesnotrustinairfreewater.
Ironinordinarywater
Method
(1)Halffillatesttubewithwaterandaddtwoorthreecleannails.
(2)Leavethetubeforoneweek.
Result
Thenailsrustinthetubewithordinarywater.
Conclusion
Ironrustsinordinarywater.
boil/bɔIl/vt.煮;煮沸
makesure确保,其后省略了宾语从句的引导词that。
add...to...往……加入……
keep...outof防止……进入;使……在外面
[课文译文]
铁在不含空气的水中
方法
(1)在试管中加一半水。
(2)将水烧开保持3分钟。
(这样做可以保证水中无空气。
)
(3)在水中放2~3颗洁净的铁钉。
(4)在水中加些油,这样做可防止空气进入水中。
(5)把试管放置一周。
结果
铁钉在装有无空气的水的试管中未生锈。
结论
铁在没有空气的水中不生锈。
铁在普通的水中
方法
(1)在试管中加一半水,并在水中放2~3颗洁净的铁钉。
(2)把试管放置一周。
结果
铁钉在装有普通水的试管中生锈。
结论
铁在普通的水中会生锈。
Prereading
Pleasematchthefollowingwordswiththeirpropermeanings.
1.stage A.n.混合物
2.contractB.vi.漂浮
3.liquidC.vi.收缩
4.equipmentD.n.电
5.BoilE.vi.反应
6.ordinaryF.n.结论
7.expandG.vt.煮;煮沸
8.floatH.n.设备;装备
9.electricityI.n.液体
10.mixtureJ.vi.膨胀
11.reactK.n.阶段;时期
12.conclusionL.adj.普通的;平常的
答案:
1~6 KCIHGL 7~12 JBDAEF
Leadin
Matchthepictureswiththeproperwords.
Whilereading
Fastreading
1.SkimPassageAandchoosethemainideaofit.
A.Thedifferentusesofmetals.
B.Thereactionofmetalswithdifferentsubstances.
C.Thereactionofmetalswithoxygen.
D.Theimportanceofmetals.
答案:
B
2.InPassageB,thesimplescientificexperimentconsistsofthreeparts:
A.Iron_in_dry_air
B.Iron_in_airfree_water
C.Iron_in_ordinary_water
Carefulreading
(Ⅰ)ChoosethebestanswersaccordingtoPassageAandPassageB.
1.Thefirstsentence“Itishardtothinkofaworldwithoutmetals.”willmakeusthink________.
A.metalsmakeuptheworld
B.metalsplayagreatlyimportantroleintheworld
C.therewouldbenoworldiftherewerenometals
D.itisdifficultforustoliveintheworldofmetals
2.Thetableinthepassageisarrangedinorderof________.
A.metalkinds
B.reactionactivities
C.valuesofmetal
D.thefirstlettersofthewords
3.Whichofthefollowingmetalsreactsthemostwithwater?
A.Copper. B.Iron.
C.Aluminium.D.Sodium
4.TheexperimentinPassageAshowsus________.
A.howironrustswithair
B.ironisquiteeasytorust
C.howtopreventironfromrusting
D.howironreactswithairandwithwater
5.“Airfreewater”means________.
A.airwithalotofwaterB.airwithoutwater
C.waterwithalotofairD.waterwithoutair
6.Ifsomecleanironnailsareputinadamp(潮湿的)placeforaweek,thenailswill________.
A.rustB.notrust
C.formanoxideD.keeptheplacedry
答案:
1~6 BBDDDA
(Ⅱ)True(T)orFalse(F).
1.Differentmetalshavedifferentuses.(T)
2.Thereactionofmetalswithdifferentsubstancesisthesame.(F)
3.Magnesiumcanformanoxidewhenheatedinoxygen.(T)
4.Ironreactswithcoldwater.(T)
5.Copperreactsmostwhenheatedinoxygen.(F)
Studyreading
Analyzethefollowingdifficultsentencesinthetext.
1.Whenweusemetals,itisimportanttoknowhowtheyreactwithdifferentsubstances,forexample,waterandoxygen.
[句式分析]
[尝试翻译] 当我们使用金属时,了解它们与不同的物质如何反应是很重要的,比如,水和氧气。
2.Hereisatablewiththemetalsthatreactmostatthetop,andthemetalsthatreactleastatthebottom.
[句式分析]
[尝试翻译] 下面表格中金属反应最强的排在上面,反应最弱的排在下面。
3.Aim:
Tofindoutifironrusts(a)indryair;(b)inwaterthathasnoairinit(airfreewater);(c)inordinarywater.
[句式分析] 句中不定式短语作目的状语;that引导定语从句,修饰water。
[尝试翻译] 目的:
弄清楚铁是否会在下列情况下生锈:
(a)在干燥的空气中;(b)在没有空气的水中(无空气水);(c)在普通的水中。
Ⅰ.阅读理解
A
ItwastheendoftheschooltermandmysonTomhadlessthanthreemonthsleftbeforehewouldfinishhissixyearsathighschool.Duringthattimehedevelopedaloveforbasketball.Sadly,becauseofmyworkoverthelasttwelvemonths,Ihadonlybeenabletoattendafewofhisgames;however,Iwasdeterminedtogettohislastgamefortheschoolterm.
Tom’steamledbyjustover20pointsattheendofthefirsthalf.Thesecondhalfchangedastheotherteamquicklycameback.Tom’steamstartedtomissanincreasingnumberofshots.Itwasatthatpointthatthecoachcalledhisfirsttimeout.
Thespectators(观众)becamequietasthecoachspoketothem.Hehadtheteamstandinginahalfcircle,buthesquatted(蹲)down,lookingupatthemandgivingsomeveryclearinstructionsonwhattheyneededtodointhelastcoupleofminutes.Ashestooduptoallowtheteamtoreturntothecourt,Isawhegavesomefurtherwordsofencouragementtoallofthem.
Youcouldseethatheknewthattheteamwasfightingtosavethegameandthatheneededtolifttheirspirits.Bysquattingdownheplacedhimselfinapositionwherehewastalkinguptothem,ratherthandownoratthem,andastheplayerswentbackontothecourthiswordsofencouragementservedtolifttheirenergyandspirits.
Well,Tom’steamwentontowinthefinalby5points.AsIdroveawayIthoughtaboutwhatcanhappentousallinoureverydaylife.Oneofmyfavouritequotesisaboutthehalffilledglassofwater—“Istheglasshalfemptyorhalffull?
”Likethecoach,theanswertothisquotealldependsonhowyoulookatthings.
语篇解读:
本文是一篇夹叙夹议文。
一个有半杯水的杯子究竟是半满的还是半空的呢?
作者参加儿子毕业前的一场篮球比赛时的所见所闻或许会给我们答案。
1.Whydidthewritergotoseehissonplaybasketball?
A.Be
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