欧洲文化入门复习题.docx
- 文档编号:6190580
- 上传时间:2023-01-04
- 格式:DOCX
- 页数:25
- 大小:35.51KB
欧洲文化入门复习题.docx
《欧洲文化入门复习题.docx》由会员分享,可在线阅读,更多相关《欧洲文化入门复习题.docx(25页珍藏版)》请在冰豆网上搜索。
欧洲文化入门复习题
《欧洲文化入门》复习
DivisionOne:
GreekCultureandRomanCulture
GreekCulture
I.填空
1.Europeancultureismadeupofmanyelements,twooftheseelementsareconsideredtobemoreenduringandtheyaretheGreco-RomanelementandtheJudeo-Christianelement.
2.Greekculturereachedahighpointofdevelopmentinthe5thcentury.
3.Inthesecondhalfofthe4thcenturyB.C.,allGreecewasbroughtundertheruleofAlexander,kingofMacedon.
4.In146B.C.theRomansconqueredGreece.
5.Greekculturereachedahighpointofdevelopmentinthe5thcentury.
6.Revivedin1896,theOlympicGameshavebecometheworld’sforemostamateursportscompetition.
7.AncientGreeksconsideredHomertobetheauthoroftheirepics.
8.TheIliaddealswiththeallianceofthestatesofthesouthernmainlandofGreece,ledbyAgamemnonintheirwaragainstthecityofTroy.
9.TheOdysseydealswiththereturnofOdysseusaftertheTrojanwartohishome,islandofIthaca.
10.OfthemanylyricpoetsofancientGreece,twoarestilladmiredbyreaderstoday:
SapphoandPindar.
11.SapphowasconsideredthemostimportantlyricpoetofancientGreece.
12.Pindarisbestknownforhisodescelebratingthevictoriesattheathleticgames,suchasthe14Olympicodes.
13.ThethreegreattragicdramatistsofancientGreeceareAeschylus,Sophocles,andEuripides.
14.AeschyluswrotesuchplaysasPrometheusBound,PersiansandAgamemnon.
15.SophocleswrotesuchtragicplaysasOedipustheKing,Electra,andAntigone.
16.EuripideswrotemainlyaboutwomeninsuchplaysasAndromache,Medea,andTrojanWomen.
17.Comedyalsoflourishedinthe5thcenturyB.C..ItsbestwriterwasAristophanes,whohasleftelevenplays,includingFrogs,Clouds,WaspsandBirds.
18.Herodotusisoftencalled“FatherofHistory”.HewroteaboutthewarsbetweenGreeksandPersians.
19.ThucydidesdescribedthewarbetweenAthensandSpartaandbetweenAthensandSyracuse,aGreekstateontheIslandofSicily.
20.Pythagoraswasaboldthinkerwhohadtheideathatallthingswerenumbers.
21.Pythagoraswasthefounderofscientificmathematics.
22.Heracleituebelievedfiretotheprimaryelementoftheuniverse,outofwhicheverythingelsehadarisen.
23.ThegreatestnamesinEuropeanphilosophyareSocrates,PlatoandAristotle.
24.Democrituswasoneoftheearliestphilosophicalmaterialistsandspeculatedabouttheatomicstructureofmatter.
25.Inthe4thcenturyB.C.,fourschoolsofphilosophersoftenarguedwitheachother,theyaretheCynics,theSceptics,theEpicureans,andtheStoics.
26.Euclidiswell-knownforhisElements,atextbookofgeometry.
27.Toillustratetheprincipleofthelevel,Archimedesissaidtohavetoldtheking:
“Givemeaplacetostand,andIwillmovetheworld.”
28.Greekarchitecturecanbegroupedintothreestyles:
theDoricstylewhichisalsocalledthemasculinestyle;theIonicstylewhichisalsocalledthefemininestyle;andalaterstylethatiscalledtheCorinthianstyle.
29.TheAcropolisatAthensandtheParthenonarethefinestmonumentofGreekarchitectureandsculptureinmorethan2000years.
30.Inthe20thcentury,thereareHomericparallelsintheIrishmanJamesJoyce’smodernistmasterpieceUlysses.
II.选择
1.Whichculturereachedahighpointofdevelopmentinthe5thcenturyB.C.?
A.GreekCulture
B.RomanCulture
C.EgyptianCulture
D.ChineseCulture
2.In___________theRomanconqueredGreece.
A.1200B.C.
B.700B.C.
C.146B.C.
D.The5thcentury
3.WhichofthefollowingworksdescribedthewarledbyAgamemnonagainstthecityofTroy?
A.OedipustheKing
B.Iliad
C.Odyssey
D.Antigone
4.WhichofthefollowingisNOTtheplayswrittenbyAeschylus?
A.Antigone
B.Agamemnon
C.Persians
D.PrometheusBound
5.WhichofthefollowingisNOTtheplayswrittenbySophocles?
A.Electra
B.Antigone
C.TrojanWoman
D.OedipustheKing
6.WhichofthefollowingistheplaywrittenbyEuripides?
A.Antigone
B.Persians
C.Electra
D.Medea
7.WhichofthefollowingisNOTthegreatesttragicdramatistofancientGreece?
A.Aristophanes
B.Euripides
C.Sophocles
D.Aeschylus
8.Whoeversaidthat“Youcannotsteptwiceintothesameriver”?
A.Pythagoras
B.Heracleitus
C.Aristotle
9.Whowasthefounderofscientificmathematics?
A.Heracleitus
B.Aristotle
C.Socrates
D.Pythagoras
10.Whoischieflynotedforhisdoctrinethat“manisthemeasureofallthings”?
A.Protagoras
B.Pythagoras
C.Pyrrhon
D.Epicurus
III.名词解释
1.Aeschylus
2.Plato
RomanCulture
I.填空
1.TheburningofCorinthin146B.C.markedRomanconquestofGreece,whichwasthenreducedtoaprovinceoftheRomanEmpire.
2.TheRomanwriterHoracesaid:
“CaptiveGreecetookherrudeconquerorcaptive”.
3.In27B.C.OctaviustooksupremepowerasemperorwiththetitleofAugustus.
4.TheRomansenjoyedalongperiodofpeacelastingtwohundredyears,aremarkablephenomenoninhistoryknownasthePaxRomana.
5.Inthe4thcentury,theemperorConstantinemovedthecapitalfromRometoByzantium,renameditConstantinople(modernIstanbul).
6.In476thelastemperorofthewestwasdeposedbytheCothsandmarkedtheendoftheWestRomanEmpire.
7.TheEastRomanEmpirecollapsedwhenConstantinoplefelltotheTurksin1453.
8.JuliusCaesarrecordedwhathedidandsawinthevariousmilitarycampaignshetookpartinandthesewritings,collectedinhisCommentaries,aremodelsofsuccinctLatin.
9.VirgilwasthegreatestofLatinpoetsandwrotethegreatepic,theAeneid.
10.ThePantheonisthegreatestandthebestpreservedRomantemple,whichwasbuiltin27B.C.Andreconstructedinthe2thcenturyA.D..
11.She-wolfisthestatuewhichillustratesthelegendofcreationofRoman.
II.选择
1.Whowrote,“Icame,Isaw,Iconquered”?
A.Horace
B.JuliusCaesar
C.Virgil
D.MarcusTulliusCicero
2.TheauthorofthephilosophicalpoemOntheNatureofthingsis___________.
A.Virgil
B.JuliusCaesar
C.Horace
D.Lucretius
3.WhichofthefollowingisnotRomanarchitecture?
A.TheColosseum
B.ThePanthenon
C.TheParthenon
D.PontduGard
4.Whowrote,“CaptiveGreecetookherrudeconquerorcaptive”?
A.Sappho
B.Plato
C.Virgil
D.Horace
III.名词解释
1.JuliusCaesar
2.PaxRomana(罗马和平)
1)Intheyear27B.C.OctaviustooksupremepowerasemperorwiththetileofAugustus.2)Twocenturieslater,theRomanempirereacheditsgreatestextentintheNorthandEast.3)Theemperorsmainlyreliedonastrongarmy---thefamousRomanLegionsandaninfluentialbureaucracytoexerttheirrules.4)ThustheRomanenjoyedalongperiodofpeacelasting200years.ThisremarkablephenomenoninthehistoryisknowasPaxRomana.
DivisionThree:
TheMiddleAges
ManorandChurch
Ⅰ填空题
1.InEuropeanhistory,thethousandyearperiodfollowingthefalloftheWestRomanEmpireinthefifthcenturyiscalledtheMiddleAges.
2.Betweenthefifthandeleventhcenturies,WestEuropewasthesceneoffrequentwarsandinvasions.
3.TheMiddleAgeisaperiodinwhichclassical,HebrewandGothicheritagemerged.
4.FeudalisminEuropewasmainlyasystemoflandholding–asystemofholdinglandinexchangeformilitaryservice.
5.In732CharlesMartel,aFrankishrulergavehissoldiersestatesknownasfiefsasarewardfortheirservice.
6.Thecenterofmedievallifeunderfeudalismwasthemanor.
7.Bythe12thcenturymanorhousescametobecalledcastle,whichweremadeofstoneanddesignedasfortress.
8.Asaknight,hewaspledgedtoprotecttheweak,tofightforthechurch,tobeloyaltohislordandtorespectwomenofnoblebirth.Theseruleswereknownascodeofchivalry,fromwhichthewesternideaofgoodmannersdeveloped.
9.Inthemedievaldaysaknightwastrainedforwarbyfightingeachotherinmockbatterscalledtournaments.
10.After1054,theChurchwasdividedintotheRomanCatholicChurchandtheEasternOrthodoxChurch.
11.ThemostimportantofalltheleadersofChristianthoughtwasAugustineofHippowholivedinNorthAfricainthefifthcentury.
12.Underfeudalism,peopleofwesternEuropeweremainlydividedintothreeclasses:
clergy,lordsandpeasants.
13.ThePopenotonlyruledRomanandpartsofItalyasaking,hewasalsotheheadofallChristianchurchesinwesternEurope.
14.IntheMedievaltimestheChurchsetupachurchcourt–theInquisitiontostampoutso-calledheresy.
15.OneofthemostimportantsacramentswasHolyCommunion,whichwastoremindpeoplethatChristhaddiedtoredeemman.
16.Toexpresstheirreligiousfeelings,manypeopleintheMiddleAgeswentonjourneystosacredplaceswhereearlyChristianleadershadlived.ThemostimportantofallwasJerusalem.
17.WithareturnattackagainsttheMoslems,theWesternChristianslaunchedaseriesofholywarscalledtheCrusades.
Ⅱ选择题
1.Inthelaterpartofthe4thcentury,whichofthefollowingtribessweptintoEuropefromcentralAsia,robbingandkillingalargenumbersofthehalfcivilizedGermanictribes?
________
A.theMongoliansB.theHuns
C.theTurkishD.theSyrians
2.TheMiddleAgesisalsocalledthe_________.
A.“AgeofChristianity”B.“AgeofLiterature”
C.“AgeofHolySpirit”D.“AgeofFaith”
3.Accordingtothecodeofchivalry,whichofthefollowingisnotpledgedtodoforaknight?
_______
A.TobeloyaltohislordB.Tofightforthechurch
C.Toobeywithoutquestiontheordersoftheabbot
D.Torespectwomenofnoblebirth
4.In732,whogavehissoldiersestatesknownasfiefsasarewardfortheirservice?
_________
A.CharlesMartel,aFrankishrulerB.CharlesI,aTurkishruler
C.ConstantineI,aFrankishrulerD.St.Benedict,aItalianruler
5.Wh
- 配套讲稿:
如PPT文件的首页显示word图标,表示该PPT已包含配套word讲稿。双击word图标可打开word文档。
- 特殊限制:
部分文档作品中含有的国旗、国徽等图片,仅作为作品整体效果示例展示,禁止商用。设计者仅对作品中独创性部分享有著作权。
- 关 键 词:
- 欧洲 文化 入门 复习题