牛津沪教版英语八年级上阅读之回答问题讲义.docx
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牛津沪教版英语八年级上阅读之回答问题讲义.docx
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牛津沪教版英语八年级上阅读之回答问题讲义
八年级上回答问题之主观题
一、专题知识梳理
知识点1:
回答问题的题型、考点和分值
1.题型:
一般疑问句,选择疑问句,反义疑问句,特殊疑问句,主观题
2.考点:
对各种疑问句的回答方式及语法的考查(如:
时态,主谓一致等)
1)一般疑问句的回答:
yesorno来回答
2)选择疑问句的回答:
选择其中的一个或者neither或者both来回答
3)反义疑问句的回答:
根据事实来回答
4)特殊疑问句的回答:
why—because/becauseof,how—by/throughdoing,howlong—for+时间段/since+时间点,when和where提问,介词不能够少,howmany或者howfar提问时,注意限定词only/morethan/atleast/about等
5)主观题,注意不能用Ithinkitisinteresting或者Ithinkitisgood来回答,一定要发表自己的观点和原因。
知识点2:
回答问题的技巧
1.细节题
细节题目比较简单,一般从文中可以直接找到答案,直接抄下来就可以
2.归纳总结
归纳总结类的题目相对较难,基础好的学生还可以,基础较薄弱的学生一般会抄原文或者自己总结的,但是会出现各种各样的错误
难点一:
回答问题之主观题
回答问题中的主观题一直是考试中学生容易丢分的题目,尤其是2014年中考题型的调整,由原来的2分更改为3分,所以主观题在考试中愈来愈重要了。
1.主观题的出题形式:
A.中考真题出题形式:
98.Whatmightbethetitleofthispassage?
(InnomorethanTENwords)(2013年)
98.WhatdoyouthinkofLouise'slifein2050?
(2012年)
Ithinkherlifein2050is____________because________________________
105.WhatcanyoulearnfromHelen?
(2011年)
B.常考的出题形式
1.Whichdoyouthinksoundsmore,AorB?
Why?
2.What'syouropinionabout?
3.Whatdoyouthinkof?
4.Whathaveyoulearnedfrom?
5.Doyouwanttohavethe“”inyourfamily?
Whyornot?
6.Whatwillyoudotodealwithnexttime?
2.主观题的解题思路及技巧
原则:
对于开放性问题的回答,应根据文章提供的素材,根据全文大意、中心思想和作者的情感、立场展开合理的想象。
思路及技巧:
1)句式结构:
Ithinkhe/she…/Weneedtobe…/Icanlearn…fromhim/her
2)具体内容:
需要从文章出发,了解全文主旨大意,判断作者的意图,或者全文能够反映出的主旨思想,我们从中得到的启发,再结合现实状态给出自己的观点或想法。
3)措辞上:
常可用形容词来回答,注意不仅仅是good,great等简单的形容词,根据作者的写作意图回答
可选用的形容词:
常用描述行为者的性格、品质的形容词:
good好的,kind友善的,nice友好的,polite有礼貌的,clever聪明的,foolish愚蠢的,lazy懒惰的,careful细心的,careless粗心的,,active主动的,活跃的,adaptable适应性强的,ambitious有雄心壮志的,capable有能力的,有才能的,confident有信心的,considerate体贴的,cooperative有合作精神的,creative富创造力的,dependable可靠的,well-educated受过良好教育的,energetic精力充沛的,enthusiastic充满热情的,faithful守信的,忠诚的,friendly友好的,gentle有礼貌的,hard-working勤劳的,honest诚实的,humorous幽默的,independent有主见的,intelligent理解力强的,kind-hearted好心的,responsible负责的,sincere真诚的,smart精明的,strict严格的等
常用描述行为的形容词:
important重要的,necessary必要的,difficult困难的,easy容易的,hard艰难的,dangerous危险的,safe安全的,useful有益的,pleasant舒适的,interesting有趣的,impossible不可能的right正确的,wrong错误的等
二、专题精讲
例题1:
2011年中考真题
HelenMonsonhasalwaysbeeninterestedinhelpinghercommunity.HerfirstvolunteerexperiencewasfortheAmericanRedCrosswhenshewasinhighschool.Whenshewasaschoolteacher,shealsofoundtimetovolunteer.Oneyear,sheorganizedaSuperSaturdayFunDayforkidsinthecommunity.ShealsousedtovolunteerattheMintFestivaleveryyear.Onesummer,sheservedfood,anotheryearsheorganizedanartprogramme.
Aftersheretired,shestartedvolunteeringtohelptheold.Whenherfatherwasolder,hewasnotabletoseeaswellasheusedto,whichmadehersadbecausehehadalwaysenjoyedreading.Shedecideditwouldbefuntoreadtoelderlypeopleinhercommunity.Shealsohelpedonewomanwriteherstories.Annwasalmost100yearsold,andHelenwrotedowninformationaboutherlifewhenshevisitedher.Sheputtheinformationinabookandgotitpublished.Annwasveryexcitedtoshareherlifestorywithherchildrenandhergrandchildren.
Afterahurricane(飓风)destroyedsomesoutherncities,HelenvolunteeredagainfortheAmericanRedCross.Shepreparedfoodandansweredphonesinacarecentre.Shesays,“IhavealwayslikedtheRedCrossbecausetheorganizationhelpspeopleinneednomatterwhat.”
Oneday,Helenreadanarticleinthenewspaperaboutrefugees(难民)whoneededtolearnEnglish.Now,shemeetsonceaweekwithSahra,a38-year-oldwoman,fromSomalia.Sahraislivingandworkinginatownabout30minutes’walkfromwhereHelenlives.Theyworkonreadingandwritingskills.HelengaveSahraacameraandaskedhertotakepicturesofherdailylife.Shedevelopedthepictures,andthenaskedSahraquestionsaboutthem.Intheend,theywroteabooktogetherandusedthephotosinthebook.ThishelpedSahralearnmanynewwordsabouthereverydaylife.
Helensays,“Themostrewarding(有益的)partofvolunteerworkisbecomingfriendswiththepeopleIhelp.TheyenrichmylifeaswellasIenrichtheirs.”
105.WhatcanyoulearnfromHelen?
解析:
文章有五大段,主要讲述了HelenMonson帮助AmericanRedCross经历的内容,讲述了Helen如何帮助Sahra学习英语的内容,这是一个“助人为乐”的有关“两纲”的文章。
这是一道开放题,只要“言之有理”即可,如:
Asavolunteer,wecanhelpothersandmakefriendwiththem.Thisalsoenrichourlife.或Weshouldtrytohelpothers……
例题2:
2012年中考真题
It'sMarch,2050.
FrankandMarySmithwakeupintheircomfortablehouseinthemorningandswitchonthebedroomcomputertogetthelatestnews.TheyusedtoreadtheTimes,butchangedtoelectronicnewspapersmanyyearsago.
Thereistheusualnewsaboutspace:
anotherspaceflighthasreturnedfromMarsandscientistshavediscoveredanewplanet.Thentheyturntobusinessnews:
theUSdollarhasrisengreatlyinShanghai,oneoftheworld'sleadingbusinesscentres.Marytellsthecomputertobuy5,000dollars,andthereisaquickresponsethatithasbeendone.
Astheywatchthescreen,Maryordersoneofthehouseholdrobotstomakecoffeeforthem.
Frankdisappearsintothestudytojoinavideoconferencewithhispartnersaroundtheworld.Heisacomputerengineer,workingforseveralcompanies.Thisishisthirdjob:
heusedtobeinmarketingandthentelevision.
Maryhasaquicklookattheshoppingchannels-theusualselectionofelectriccars,householdrobotsandcheaptraveloffers-beforepickingupthevideophonetotalktoherassistant.Shealsohasajobandsheisdoingmedicalresearch.BothsheandFrankusedtohaveanofficedeskinLondon,butin2014theydecidedtomovetotheseasideandworkfromhome.
FrankandMaryhaveonedaughter,Louise,whoalsohasherownworkstationathome.Shegoestoschoolonlyonedayaweek,mainlytoplaywithotherstudents.Classroomsdisappearedin2030becausetherewasnolongeranyneedforthem:
communicationssystemshavemadeitmucheasiertolearnathome.
Louise,nowthirteen,isstudyingChineseatpresent,whichhasbecomeaworldlanguageas
importantasEnglish.LouisehasmanyChinesefriends.Theycommunicatebycomputer.
Accordingtothefamilydoctor,Louisewilllivetoatleast130.Herwishistoworkfora
fewdecades(十年)andthenspendhertimeonmusicandpainting.
98.WhatdoyouthinkofLouise'slifein2050?
Ithinkherlifein2050is____________because________________________
解析:
本文主要讲述未来2050年FrankandMary以及他们的女儿Louise的生活,由文章后三段的内容可以得出Louise的生活是comfortable,free因为Louisehasherownworkstationathome,Classroomsdisappearedin2030becausetherewasnolongeranyneedforthem:
communicationssystemshavemadeitmucheasiertolearnathome.
三、专题过关
D.Answerthequestions(根据短文内容回答下列问题):
(12分)
MoYan,thewinneroftheTwenty-TwelveNobelPrizeforLiterature,isextremelypopularnowadays.TheChinesewriterisgoodatcombiningfolk(民间)stories,historyandmoderneventsinhiswritings.
WhenMoYanlearnedhehadwontheaward,hewas"shockedandfrightened",ashetoldreportersinfrontoftheTVscreen.HereceivedhisNobeldiploma,amedalandmorethanonemilliondollarsprizemoneyataceremonyinStockholminDecember2012.
MoYanisaleadingauthorofmodernChinesenovels.Heisfifty-seven,andhisrealnameisGuanMoye.MoYanmeans"Don'tSpeak."Thewritersaidhechosethenametoremembertostophistonguefromgettinghimselfintrouble.MoYanbeganhiscareerasawriterinthereformandopeningupperiod,andhepublisheddozensofshortstoriesandnovelsinChinese.Hisfirstnovelwas"FallingRainonaSpringNight",publishedin1981.
MoYanusedtowritefrommemoriesofhisyouth.Healsosetmanyofhisstoryscenesintheareawherehewasborn-ShandongProvinceinnortheasternChina.MisterMo'sbook"RedSorghum(红高梁),"isanexample.Itisabouttheextremeviolence(极端暴力)inruraleasternChinainthenineteentwentiesandnineteenthirties.Thestorydescribestheviolentcultureofthattime,Japanesecruetyandtheterriblelifeoffarmworkers."RedSorghum"waslatermadeintoamovie.MoYan'sotherimportantworksinclude,"BigBreastsandWideHips,""RepublicofWine"and"LifeandDeathAreWearingMeOut."SeveralofhisnovelsweretranslatedintoEnglishbyHowardGoldblatt,professorofEastAsianlanguagesandliteraturesattheUniversityofNotreDame.
Chinaiscelebratingthesuccessofthisnativeson.Minutesaftertheawardwasannounced,millionsofChineseexpressedpleasureandprideforMoYanonsocialmediawebsites.
98.HowdoyoufeelaboutMoYan'ssuccess?
Key:
98.AnyreasonableanswerisOK.(e.g.:
Ithinkheishardworking./Fullofwisdom./Heenjoys...)
检测题2:
Answerthequestions(根据短文内容回答下列问题):
(12分)
HITTINGthewaterwithalmostsuperman’sloveandstrength,SunYanghasmadehistoryafterhisexcellentperformanceattheLondonOlympicGames.
The20-year-oldSunbecamethefirstChinesemantowingoldinswimming.Hetookhomefourmedalsintotal,twogolds,onesilverandonebronze.
Sunsaidhissuccessswasdowntohardwork.Foryearshehasmadeiraruletoswim20kmeveryday.“WhenItrainedinAustralia,itwaswinter.AlthoughtheweatherwascoldandIwastired,Istartedtrainingat4:
30am,”hesaid.Thepost-1990athleteispopularnotonlybecauseofhisvictoryinLondon,butalsohissportsmanship.
Nicknamed“SunMengmeng”online,whichisChinesereferstohisinnocentappearanceandcharmingpersonality,Sunhasgainedmorethan10millionfollowersonSinaWeibo.Hisfirstmaeeageabouthistripbacktohishometown,Hangzhou,aftertheOlympics,receivedthousandsofresponses.“Thehigh-speedtrainonmywayhomehasbeenblockedforthreehoursduetoTyphoonHaikui,”itsaid.“Isitpossibleformetoarrivehometonight?
”SomeWeibouserse
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