高考英语完形填空附答案.docx

高考英语完形填空附答案.docx

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高考英语完形填空附答案

完形填空专项

一、复习思路

1.梳理完形填空的技巧方法

2.扩充词汇运用

二、复习要点

完型填空题的特点

完形填空设空以实词为主、虚词为辅，单词为主、短语为辅。

上海高考完型主要考察动词、名词、形容词、副词。

其他偶尔有过渡词、介词短语、连词。

体裁上以议论文为主，说明文为辅。

题材上以思想、文化、商业、生活为主，同时涉及其他话题。

完型填空解题步骤

1-通览----速度全文，把握大意

快速阅读一下全文，通过通览全文、领会大意，概略地了解文章的体裁、背景、内容、结构层次、情节、写作风格等等。

2-试填----紧扣文意，瞻前顾后

先易后难，逐层深入。

紧扣全文内容，联系上下文和语境，展开逻辑推理，注意从上下文中寻找线索，注意词汇的意义、搭配，惯用法，语法，常识等多个角度进行综合考虑。

3-复核----全面检查，确保语意连贯，用词准确

试填后，要把全文再通读一遍，注意看所选答案填入空白处后能否做到文章意思通顺、前后连贯、逻辑严谨、结构完整、首尾呼应

完型填空高频词汇

动词

convince;guarantee;ensure;transfer;exist;strike;claim;demonstrate;charge;assemble;reveal;skip;vary;monitor;assess;isolate;classify;distract;embarrass;stretch;believe;make;

consume;dip;shut;replace,reduce,increase,destroy;expand;narrow;strengthen;

weaken;protect;punish;warn;contribute;devote;decorate;drain;maintain;preserve;

exhaust;exploit;impose;inspire;pioneer;overcome;resist;shift;switch;plunge;

accountfor;postpone;access;remind;inform;amuse;assume;obtain;distribute;

anticipate（预期）;cultivate;recognize;discomfort;threaten;demand;indicate.

名词

instinct;ingredient;evidence;miracle;tendency;exposure;principle;efficiency;

contribution;contact;infection;opposition;pronunciation;transformation;

principle;standards;measure;solution;crisis;innovation;material;resource;improvement;appearance;stability;smoke;cost;bargain;miracle;existence;trend;delivery;mood;spirit;

appetite;stomach;strength;muscle;purpose;concept;means;access;variety;alternative;combination;achievement;option;interaction;affirmation;expectation;communication;ecotourism,background,prevention

形容词

considerate;aggressive;qualified;reluctant;delicate;positive;negative;ignorant;informative;casual;curious;incurable;demanding;reasonable;social;psychological;evident;vital;

constant;terrible;wasteful;wonderful;useful;fashionable;beautiful;historic;

worthless;ordinary;meaningless;sensitive;agreeable;graceful;financial;appropriate;

defensive;fateful（重大的，决定性的）;fruitful（富有成效的，多产的）;sensitive;

multiple;resistant;accessible;critical;reasonable;inevitable;essential;dramatic;

fulfilling（令人满意的，能实现个人抱负的）;efficient;ideal;employable;available;

respectful（恭敬的，有礼貌的）;negative;frequent;unskilled;compulsory

副词

agreeably;slightly;accidentally;occasionally;physically;psychologically;thoroughly;

vaguely;orally;repeatedly;dramatically;subconsciously;carelessly,regularly;while;

recently;nearly;rarely;mostly;least;oppositely;unfortunately;frankly;Inaddition,

Inshort;otherwise;eventuallynecessarilyflexibly;naturally;actually,nevertheless,fortunately,definitely,narrowly,widely,practically

完型填空解题技巧

解题思路一：

依据首句线索，紧扣主题选择。

首句通常是文章的主题句，通常不设空，便于考生对短文主题、内容或背景有个大概了解。

它的目的是向考生提供时间、地点、人物、事件、论点等有用的信息。

把握了主题句,对于理解全文和解题很有帮助。

①Ifyoustudiedpicturesthatancientpeopleleftonrockwallsandyoutriedtodeterminetheirmeaning,youwouldnotdetectinterestinromanceamongtheartists.51,youwouldseeplentyofanimalswithpeoplerunningafterthem.Lifeforancientpeople’searnedtocenteronhuntingandgatheringwildfoodsformeals.

51.A.InsteadB.ThereforeC.MoreoverD.Otherwise

②Researchhasshownthattwo-thirdsofhumanconversationistakenupnotwithdiscussionoftheculturalorpoliticalproblemsoftheday,notheateddebatesaboutfilmswe'vejustwatchedorbookswe'vejustfinishedreading,butplainandsimple__51__.

51.A.claimB.descriptionC.gossipD.language

解题思路二：

顺应文意,定位选词。

做题时,要充分利用上下文,找到有提示作用的词。

这些词可以是同义词、近义词或反义词,也可以是并列连词或转折连词等等。

①Manypeoplethinkthatlisteningisapassivebusiness.Itisjustthe51one.Listeningwellisanactiveexerciseofourattentionandhardwork.

.positiveB.oppositeC.sameD.wrong

②Morethan2,400yearsago,theGreekhistorianHerodotusdescribedtheEgyptianpyramidsandothermonuments.Hemayhavebeenthefirstwritertoconsiderthatremainsand___52___couldprovideinformationforlatergenerations.

52.A.books

B.history

C.ruins

D.science

③Thecontinuouspresentationoffrighteningstoriesaboutglobalwarminginthepopularmediamakesusunnecessarilyfrightened.Evenworse,it__51__ourkids.

51.A.exhaustsB.depressesC.terrifiesD.exploits

解题思路三：

注意固定搭配，常用句型。

包括动词与介词的搭配、动词与名词的搭配以及形容词与名词的搭配等，同时要根据内容选择正确的短语。

①ThedepartmentforEducationandSkillswantsto60teachingofmodemforeignlanguages（MFT）atanearlierstageinthefuture.Primaryschoolchildrenwillgetgreater61toforeignlanguagelearning.

60.A.permitB.encourageC.demandD.offer

61.A.admissionB.accessC.chanceD.approach

解析：

教育与技术部门将来打算在教育更早阶段提供外语教学，所以60选D。

61题考查固定搭配accessto的用法，学生需要总结相关access的搭配，haveaccessto或者offeraccessto，to是介词。

②Thatalsoexplainswhyschoolsandcompaniesorganizechallengingtripsandphysicalactivitiesto__62__teamspirit.

62.A.buildupB.putdownC.takeoverD.makeout

③A__60__ofpeoplenowbelieve–incorrectly–thatglobalwarmingisnotevencausedbyhumans.

60.A.mixtureB.majorityC.quantityD.crowd

解题思路四：

注意同形词的辨析。

①Digitalfingerprinting,fluctuations（波动）inthedollarexchangerate,andamassofonlineinformationaresomeofthewaysmakingtraveltotheUnitedNationsin2010adifferent__51___forinternationalvisitorsthanitwasearlierinthe21stcentury.

51.B.examinationC.experienceD.excursion

②Atravelerfromacountry__60__intheVWPmustobtainanElectronicSystemforTravelAuthorization（ESTA）,anonlinetravelauthorization,establishedbyDHS.ESTAdetermines,beforethetravelerboardsaflight,whetherthetraveleris___61___totraveltotheUnitedStatesundertheVWPandwhethersuchtravelposesanylawimplementationorsecurityrisks.

B.previewingC.participatingD.promoting

B.acceptableC.availableD.adaptable

解题思路五：

根据生活常识以及文化背景确定选项。

①EFLteachersoftencomplainthatstudents,despiteyearsofstudyingEnglish,simplywillnotspeakit.They’retoo__63__makingmistakesofthegrammarormispronouncingwordsinawaythatwould__64__them.

63.A.confidentinB.comfortablewithC.keenonD.afraidof

64.A.amuseB.informC.remindD.embarrass

解题思路六:

利用原词复现或同现,选择最佳选项。

1.在完形填空中,某一词语通常重复出现,使得语篇中的句子相互衔接和连贯,从而构成一个完整的意义整体。

①Firstofallhewasawindow-cleanerandinhisfirstweekhemanagedto______sixwindows.

A.rubB.dropC.breakD.clean

2.同现指意义上相互联系的单词同时出现在同一语篇中。

一个语篇，一个话题，要求有与之相连的词汇。

1）名词同现：

与一个话题或一个名词出现在同一个语境的另一个名词。

如：

school---primaryschool—middleschool—college—universitystudents—pupils—graduates—postgraduates

2）动词同现：

与一个话题或一个名词出现在同一个语境的另一个动词。

如：

school—teach—learn—attend—found—dropout—graduate—bedismissed

3）形容词同现;就某一语境而言所能出现的形容词也是有规律的。

如：

在学校这个语境中：

（key）school—（optional）course—（compulsory）course

4）结构同现:

结构同现批搭配之类的句型和成对出现的短语。

如：

①some…,others;ononehand…,ontheotherhand;former…,latter;so…that;notonly…butalso;hardly/scarcely…when…;nosooner…than…;beabouttodo/bedoing/haddone/beonthepointofdoing/betodo/bereadytodo/beontheway…when…;

Iputmyheadin,expectingtheworst.Buttomysurprise,theroomwasn’temptyatall.Ithadfurniture,curtains,aTV,andevenpaintingsonthewall.Andthenonthewell-madebedsatAmy,mynew______,dressedneatly.

A.roommateB.classmateC.neighborD.companion

②The60Knows

…….Smell,however,doesseemtoplayapartinhumanattraction.

60.A.NoseB.EyeC.HeartD.Hand

解题思路七：

仔细分析长难句。

找出句子主干，主从句，定语状语等。

①Intoday’sAmericansociety,highschooldropouthasdaybydaygrownintoabigproblemthreateningsocialandeconomicstability,asmanycasesoffamily___51___oreventragedies,causedbyyouthdropoutaregrabbingheadlinesinmedia.

.objectionsB.conflictsC.establishmentsD.happiness

答案：

B。

长难句分析，第一层是as引导的原因状语从句，主句是schooldropouthasgrownintoabigproblem.后面紧跟动名词做定语。

As从句中caused过去分词作后置定语。

在进行句子分析时，一定注意把定语等找出来。

②Inmanycountries,thelanguageofeducationisnotthesameasthelanguageofthehomefor53themajorityofchildren.Furthermore,inmanycountries,younglanguagelearnerscomprisethemostrapidlygrowingsegmentoftheelementary（primary）schoolpopulation.54Whileinsomeschoolsthereisnoextrasupporttohelpyounglanguagelearnersacquirethelanguageofinstruction,inmostcountrieswheretherearelargenumbersofyounglearners,thereisa___55___awarenessoftheirspecialneeds.

55.A.reducingB.watchingC.growingD.slipping

解析：

55题根据前文可以推断出选C.growing表示提高的意识。

可以对这个长句子进行长难句分析：

首先是while引导的让步状语从句。

在while从句中运用了helpsbdosth的结构。

在主句中，where引导的定语从句，先行词是countries.

解题思路八：

仔细推敲,注重逻辑。

做完完形填空题后,要根据所选答案迅速地把文章完整地读一遍,看语法、惯用法对不对;看是否符合上下文的逻辑;看是否符合故事情节的发展,以便更正可能的错误选择。

一个完整的语篇应该是符合逻辑的，文章逻辑关系的取得主要靠过渡词的使用。

作者利用转承语保证文章的逻辑，学生在做完形填空时应通过自己对上下文的理解，找到适当的逻辑关系，然后选择正确的过渡词。

学生必掌握常见的过渡词：

1.递进

inaddition,furthermore,again,also,besides,moreover,what’smore,what’sworse,tomakemattersworse,tomakethingsworse,worsestill

2.比较

inthesameway,aswith,similarly,equally,incomparison,justas

3.对照

incontrast,ontheotherhand,instead,however,nevertheless,unlike,onthecontrary,while

4.因果

because,becauseof,for,since,dueto,owingto,thanksto,asaresult（of）,so,thus

5.强调

certainly,aboveall,indeed,ofcourse,surely,actually,asamatteroffact,especially，inparticular,absolutely

6.让步

although,though,afterall,inspiteof

7.举例

forexample,forinstance,thatis,namely,suchas,inotherwords,inthiscase,bywayofillustration.

8.时间和空间

afterward,after,first,later,then,soon,finally,atlast

outside,near,beyond,above,below,ontheright（left）,inthemiddle,opposite,infrontof

9.总结

tosumup,toconclude,inaword,inshort,inbrief,allinall,inall,insummary

表示转折关系：

例1：

（浦东新区2014年二模）

asurveyof99greenbuildingsinAmericafoundtha