ChemTeam AP Multiple Choice1994.docx
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ChemTeam AP Multiple Choice1994.docx
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ChemTeamAPMultipleChoice1994
AdvancedPlacementChemistry1994MultipleChoiceQuestions
Notes:
Forallquestionsinvolvingsolutionsand/orchemicalequations,assumethatthesystemisinpurewateratroomtemperatureunlessotherwisenoted.
Questions1-4
(A)Heisenberguncertaintyprinciple(B)Pauliexclusionprinciple(C)Hund'srule(principleofMaximummultiplicity)(D)Shieldingeffect(E)Wavenatureofmatter
1.Canbeusedtopredictthatagaseouscarbonatominitsgroundstateisparamagnetic
2.Explainstheexperimentalphenomenonofelectrondiffraction
3.Indicatesthatanatomicorbitalcanholdnomorethantwoelectrons
4.Predictsthatitisimpossibletodeterminesimultaneouslytheexactpositionandtheexactvelocityofanelectron
Questions5-7refertothephasediagrambelowofapuresubstance.
(A)Sublimation(B)Condensation(C)Solvation(D)Fusion(E)Freezing
5.Ifthetemperatureincreasesfrom10°Cto60°Cataconstantpressureof0.4atmosphere,whichoftheprocessesoccurs?
6.Ifthetemperaturedecreasesfrom110°Cto40°Cataconstantpressureof1.1atmospheres,whichoftheprocessesoccurs?
7.Ifthepressureincreasesfrom0.5to1.5atmospheresataconstanttemperatureof50°C,whichoftheprocessesoccurs?
Questions8-10refertothefollowingdiatomicspecies.
(A)Li2(B)B2(C)N2(D)O2(E)F2
8.Hasthelargestbond-dissociationenergy
9.Hasabondorderof2
10.Contains1sigma(s)and2pi(p)bonds
Questions11-13
(A)Pb(B)Ca(C)Zn(D)As(E)Na
11.UtilizedasacoatingtoprotectFefromcorrosion
12.Isaddedtosilicontoenhanceitspropertiesasasemiconductor
13.Utilizedasashieldfromsourcesofradiation
Directions:
Eachofthequestionsorincompletestatementsbelowisfollowedbyfivesuggestedanswersorcompletions.Selecttheonethatisbestineachcaseandthenfillinthecorrespondingovalontheanswersheet.
14.Whichofthefollowingislowerfora1.0-molaraqueoussolutionofanysolutethanitisforpurewater?
(A)pH(B)Vaporpressure(C)Freezingpoint(D)Electricalconductivity(E)Absorptionofvisiblelight
15.Inamoleculeinwhichthecentralatomexhibitssp3d2hybridorbitals,theelectronpairsaredirectedtowardthecornersof
(A)atetrahedron(B)asquare-basedpyramid(C)atrigonalbipyramid(D)asquare(E)anoctahedron
16.CommercialvinegarwastitratedwithNaOHsolutiontodeterminethecontentofaceticacid,HC2H3O2.For20.0millilitersofthevinegar,32.0millilitersof0.500-molarNaOHsolutionwasrequired.Whatwastheconcentrationofaceticacidinthevinegarifnootheracidwaspresent?
(A)1.60M(B)0.800M(C)0.640M(D)0.600M(E)0.400M
17.Relativelyslowratesofchemicalreactionareassociatedwithwhichofthefollowing?
(A)Thepresenceofacatalyst(B)Hightemperature(C)Highconcentrationofreactants
(D)Strongbondsinreactantmolecules(E)Lowactivationenergy
18.2H2O+4MnO4¯+3ClO2¯--->4MnO2+3ClO4¯+4OH¯
Whichspeciesactsasanoxidizingagentinthereactionrepresentedabove?
(A)H2O(B)ClO4¯(C)ClO2¯(D)MnO2(E)MnO4¯
19Inwhichofthefollowingcompoundsisthemassratioofchromiumtooxygenclosestto1.6to1.0?
(A)CrO3(B)CrO2(C)CrO(D)Cr20(E)Cr2O3
20....Ag++...AsH3(g)+...OH¯--->...Ag(s)+...H3AsO3(aq)+...H2O
Whentheequationaboveisbalancedwithlowestwhole-numbercoefficients,thecoefficientforOH¯is
(A)2(B)4(C)5(D)6(E)7
21.Correctstatementsaboutalphaparticlesincludewhichofthefollowing?
I.Theyhaveamassnumberof4andachargeof+2.
II.Theyaremorepenetratingthanbetaparticles.
III.Theyareheliumnuclei.
(A)Ionly(B)IIIonly(C)IandII(D)IandIII(E)IIandIII
22.HSO4¯+H2O<===>H3O++SO42¯
Intheequilibriumrepresentedabove,thespeciesthatactasbasesincludewhichofthefollowing?
I.HSO4¯II.H2OIII.SO42¯
(A)IIonly(B)IIIonly(C)IandII(D)IandIII(E)IIandIII
23.
Step1:
Ce4++Mn2+--->Ce3++Mn3+
Step2:
Ce4++Mn3+--->Ce3++Mn4+
Step3:
Mn4++Tl+--->Tl3++Mn2+
TheproposedstepsforacatalyzedreactionbetweenCe4+andTl+arerepresentedabove.Theproductsoftheoverallcatalyzedreactionare
(A)Ce4+andTl+(B)Ce3+andTl3+(C)Ce3+andMn3+(D)Ce3+andMn4+(E)Tl3+andMn2+
24.Asampleof0.010moleofoxygengasisconfinedat127°Cand0.80atmosphere.Whatwouldbethepressureofthissampleat27°Candthesamevolume?
(A)0.10atm(B)0.20atm(C)0.60atm(D)0.80atm(E)1.1atm
25.
H2(g)+1/2O2(g)--->H2O(l)
∆H°=x
2Na(s)+1/2O2(g)--->Na2O(s)
∆H°=y
Na(s)+1/2O2(g)+1/2H2(g)--->NaOH(s)
∆H°=z
Basedontheinformationabove,whatisthestandardenthalpychangeforthefollowingreaction?
Na2O(s)+H2O(l)--->2NaOH(s)
(A)x+y+z(B)x+y–z(C)x+y-2z(D)2z-x–y(E)z-x-y
26.Whichofthefollowingactionswouldbelikelytochangetheboilingpointofasampleofapureliquidinanopencontainer?
I.Placingitinasmallercontainer
II.Increasingthenumberofmolesoftheliquidinthecontainer
III.Movingthecontainerandliquidtoahigheraltitude
(A)Ionly(B)IIonly(C)IIIonly(D)IIandIIIonly(E)I,II,andIII
27.Whichofthefollowingsetsofquantumnumbers(n,l,ml,ms)bestdescribesthevalenceelectronofhighestenergyinaground-stategalliumatom(atomicnumber31)?
(A)4,0,0,½(B)4,0,1,½(C)4,1,1,½(D)4,1,2,½(E)4,2,0,½
28.Giventhatasolutionis5percentsucrosebymass,whatadditionalinformationisnecessarytocalculatethemolarityofthesolution?
I.ThedensityofwaterII.ThedensityofthesolutionIII.Themolarmassofsucrose
(A)Ionly(B)IIonly(C)IIIonly(D)IandIII(E)IIandIII
29.WhenanaqueoussolutionofNaOHisaddedtoanaqueoussolutionofpotassiumdichromate,K2Cr2O7thedichromateionisconvertedto
(A)CrO42¯(B)CrO2(C)Cr3+(D)Cr2O3(s)(E)Cr(OH)3(s)
30.TheenergydiagramforthereactionX+Y--->Zisshownabove.Theadditionofacatalysttothisreactionwouldcauseachangeinwhichoftheindicatedenergydifferences?
(A)Ionly(B)IIonly(C)IIIonly(D)IandIIonly(E)I,II,andIII
31.H2C2O4+2H2O<===>2H3O++C2O42¯
Oxalicacid,H2C2O4,isadiproticacidwithK1=5x10¯2andK2=5x10¯5.Whichofthefollowingisequaltotheequilibriumconstantforthereactionrepresentedabove?
(A)5x10¯2(B)5x10¯5(C)2.5x10¯6(D)5x10¯7(E)2.5x10¯8
32.CH3CH2OHboilsat78°CandCH3OCH3boilsat-24°C,althoughbothcompoundshavethesamecomposition.Thisdifferenceinboilingpointsmaybeattributedtoadifferencein
(A)molecularmass(B)density(C)specificheat(D)hydrogenbonding(E)heatofcombustion
33.AhydrocarbongaswithanempiricalformulaCH2hasadensityof1.88gramsperliterat0°Cand1.00atmosphere.Apossibleformulaforthehydrocarbonis
(A)CH2(B)C2H4(C)C3H6(D)C4H8(E)C5H10
34.
X=CH3-CH2-CH2-CH2-CH3
Y=CH3-CH2-CH2-CH2-OH
Z=HO-CH2-CH2-CH2-OH
Basedonconceptsofpolarityandhydrogenbonding,whichofthefollowingsequencescorrectlyliststhecompoundsaboveintheorderoftheirincreasingsolubilityinwater?
(A)Z 35.Forwhichofthefollowingprocesseswould∆Shaveanegativevalue? I.2Fe2O3(s)--->4Fe(s)+3O2(g) II.Mg2++2OH¯--->Mg(OH)2(s) III.H2(g)+C2H4(g)--->3C2H6(g) (A)Ionly(B)IandIIonly(C)IandIIIonly(D)IIandIIIonly(E)I,II,andIII 36.Zn(s)+Cu2+--->Zn2++Cu(s) Anelectrolyticcellbasedonthereactionrepresentedabovewasconstructedfromzincandcopperhalf-cells.Theobservedvoltagewasfoundtobe1.00voltinsteadofthestandardcellpotential,E°,of1.10volts.Whichofthefollowingcouldcorrectlyaccountforthisobservation? (A)Thecopperelectrodewaslargerthanthezincelectrode. (B)TheZn2+electrolytewasZn(NO3)2,whiletheCu2+electrolytewasCuSO4. (C)TheZn2+solutionwasmoreconcentratedthantheCu2+solution. (D)Thesolutionsinthehalf-cellshaddifferentvolumes. (E)ThesaltbridgecontainedKClastheelectrolyte. 37.Asampleof3.0gramsofanidealgasat121°Cand1.0atmospherepressurehasavolumeof1.0Iiters.Whichofthefollowingexpressionsiscorrectforthemolarmassofthegas? Theidealgasconstant,R,is0.08(L-atm)/(moleK). (A)[(0.08)(400)]/[(3.0)(1.0)(1.5)] (B)[(l.0)(l.5)]/[(3.0)(0.08)(400)] (C)[(O.O8)(1.0)(1.5)]/[(3.0)(400)] (D)[(3.0)(0.08)(400)]/[(1.0)(1.5)] (E)[(3.0)(0.08)(1.5)]/(1.0)(400)] 38.Concentrationsofcoloredsubstancesarecommonlymeasuredbymeansofaspectrophotometer.Whichofthefollowingwouldensurethatcorrectvaluesareobtainedforthemeasuredabsorbance? I.Theremustbeenoughsampleinthetubetocovertheentirelightpath. II.Theinstrumentmustbeperiodicallyresetusingastandard. III.Thesolutionmustbesaturated. (A)Ionly(B)IIonly(C)IandIIonly(D)IIandIIIonly(E)I,II,andIII 39.SamplesofF2gasandXegasaremixedinacontaineroffixedvolume.TheinitialpartialpressureoftheF2gasis8.0atmospheresandthatoftheXegasis1.7atmospheres.WhenalloftheXegasreacted,formingasolidcompound,thepressureoftheunreactedF2gaswas4.6atmospheres.Thetemperatureremainedconstant.Whatistheformulaofthecompound? (A)XeF(B)XeF3(C)XeF4(D)XeF6(E)XeF8 40.Thesystemshownaboveisatequilibriumat28°C.Atthistemperature,thevaporpressureofwateris28millimetersofmercury.ThepartialpressureofO2(g)inthesystemis (A)28mmHg(B)56mmHg(C)133mmHg(D)161mmHg(E)189mmHg 41.
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