26个英语字母的发音规则.docx
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26个英语字母的发音规则.docx
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26个英语字母的发音规则
英语26个字母发音规则
要想学好英语口语,应该学一些语音知识,以下是我总结的一些有关语音的知识。
1元音:
[i:
]、[i]、[ɔ:
]、[ɔ]、[u:
]、[u]、[ə:
]、[ə]、[ɑ:
]、[ʌ]、[e]、[æ]、[ei]、[ai]、[ɔi]、[ɛə]、[uə]、[iə]、[au]、[əu]
1)[i:
]字母组合:
eeeaeie
threetreegreensheepmeetbeefseeseek
eatteameatleaveleadteacherteammeanspeakcleanplease
hesheme
piecereceiveceiling
2)[i]发音字母iye
sitpictureitislistsixmixfixfitpigbigbuildmiss
mythmanytwentyhappydictionary
defectdecidedelicious
3)[æ]发音字母a
baghandandanthappyhatmapmadbadblackbackgladflagshallman
4)[e]字母组合eaea
headbreadpleasure
elephantelectricremembersellshelllessonbetterbeddeskhotelyes
manyany
5)[ε:
][ə:
]字母组合irurearuror
girlshirtskirtthirtythirteenthirdbird
turnburnmurdernurseturtleThursdayburger
learnearnearthheard
termhernerdserve
workwormworkworld
6)[ε][ə]字母组合erorouaroaeu
teacherleaderrememberplayerspeakerfarmerpowder
doctoractormayorauthortractor
deliciousgraciouspleasure
familiarcollardollar
togethertomorrowtodayshalloplessonWashingtoncontrolpolitearoundaccountagoelephantmantabananaCanadaJapanchina
menlisten
famulusSaturday
7)[a:
]字母组合ara
carfarmcardarmgarden
fastclasslastglassplantauntcalm
8)[ʌ]发音字母uoouoo
upsupperlunchfungunhuntcupbus
comemotherdosebrotherloveabove
troubleroughflourish
bloodflood
9)[ɔ:
]字母组合alorauouraraw
smallwalltalktallhallballcallwalk
shortmorelordhorseforfortysportdoorfloorstore
authorcaughtautumn
fourmourncourtbought
warmquarrelquarter
drawsawflaw
10)[ɔ]发音字母oa
hotlostlotfoxboxmophoplosscollarnot
wantwash
11)[u:
]字母组合ooou
foodmoonroomgloombroomdoomgoosetooth
shoedotwo
truetruthbluefull
12)[u]字母组合ooouuo
lookgoodfootbook
shouldcould
putfullbullpullpush
womanwolf
13)[ei]发音字母aayeaaiey
namecakelategateplaneApril
playsaymayway
greatbreak
rainpaintplain
theygrey
14)[ai]发音字母iy
bikefinefinddieninelightnighthigh
mytryflyeye
15)[au]字母组合ouow
houseoutflourgroundaccountcountsoundloudaroundmouse
flowerdownnowcowhowtown
16)[εu]发音字母oowoa
homecoldgonophonehostghost
knowlowbelowgrowblowshowflow
boatcoatgoal
17)[ɔi]字母组合oyoi
boytoyjoy
oilsoilvoicechoice
18)[iε]字母组合eer
beerdeerearideanearherefierce
19)[ɛə]字母组合earair
pearbearchairairfaircaretherewhere
20)[uε]hourtourpoorflowershower
2容易混淆的元音
[æ][e]
badbedhandheadmanmenlandlendpanpensadsaid
[i:
][ei]
realrailgreetgreatmeanmainreadraid
[e][ai]
betbiteredwritesaidsideheadhide
[au][ɔ:
]
househorseloudlordsouthsaucecloudclausenownorcountcorn
[aU][Q]
foundfonddowndonegowngonetownton
3辅音
1)[p]penpearplaypigpourpullpush
2)[b]bookbigbootbikebreadbreak
3)[t]treetwotentontowntwentycity
4)[d]doordulldeskdosedodogdictionary
5)[k]kingkitekeylookcookbookkitchensky(发音字母k)
cardcatcreamcorrectclimbcomeaccountaccept(发音字母c)
foxboxoxygenx-ray(发音字母x)
schoolscheduleschema(字母组合ch)
6)[g]girlgoodgoalgoatgradelonglanguage
7)[m]manmakemoonmorningmovecomecomb
8)[n]pentenninefinenightnoonmoonclean
9)[ŋ]unclebankEnglishthinkthankjunk
singkingmorningevening
10)[l]longlandlendlordflyflagblack
worldcoldcouldgoalsoul
11)[r]readredrightrunroomwrite
12)[f]fiveflyfineflagfrogfogroofknifelifewife
coughlaughroughphysicphotophone
13)[v]veryeveningeveneveryvoicevest
of
14)[s]sixsitstudentsameseatkissmisscasescarf(发音字母s)
licensecityceasecedarceilingcelebrate(发音字母c)
licencepiecejuicesciencelancespaceace(字母组合ce)
15)[z]zoozebrazerozap
closenosehosesupposepausethosewhose
16)[θ]thinkthankthreethirtytoothmouth
17)[ð]thatthisthosethesethough
18)[ʃ]sheepshouldershipshoeshebrushwash
nationattentionstation
socialspecial
sure
19)[ʒ]pleasure
20)[h]hothophomehousehorsehowwho
21)[w]whenwhatwherewindowwindwood
22)[j]yesyearyellyouyouryolkyellow
23)[tʃ]childchickenchinachairlunchouchteach(字母组合ch)
catchwatchmatch(字母组合tch)
24)[dʒ]agelanguagecabbagevegetablestagebridge
joyenjoyjoinJulyJunejunk
25)[tr]treecountrytrytreattracktrunk
26)[dr]drydreamdropdrivedrink
27)[ts]studentsbootsboatsgoatsnuts
28)[dz]goodswoodsmoodshoods
4容易混淆的辅音
[v][w]
vestwestvetwetvinewineverywell
[s][θ]
sinkthinkmassmathmissmythsortsought
[z][ð]
closeclothbreezebreathe
[n][ŋ]
thinthingsinsingranrangbanbangwinwing
5字母,组合音节发音规律
1)a[ei][æ][ə][a:
][ɔ]
lateprivategradebakegrapenationstationpage
activehandbankfanparentfamilygladflag
acceptaboutaboveformativemachinecinema
fastlastglassclasspastfather
washwhatwatchwant
2)e[i:
][e][i][]不发音
appreciateextremelysecretshemehe
letterleftmessagegeneratepebble
decideprettypreviousresultrestore
problemprosperousstudentconfident
activetablelatewifestorelecture
3)i[ai][i]
highpricelibraryicecreamwifesizeline
fistpickchickenpianofiancécityunit
4)o[əu][u:
][ʌ][ə][ɔ]
lodehostcoldnoteokayoldhome
losedowhowhoseprove
lovesomeothermotherhoneycompany
todaytomorrowtogethercontrolcollect
losthotmockofficesofthonest
5)u[ju][u][ʌ][ə]
universityrefuseuniqueuniversehuge
putpushpullfullbull
butbrushbucketduckbubble
supportsuggest
6)c[k][s]
countrycampcameracouragecable
cityceilingcelebratecellcease
7)g[g][dʒ][ŋ]
girlgradeglassgladebagflag
villagevegetablebridgegentlemangym
longsongsingmorningevening
8)l[l]读音不同
listenlearnlanguagecollectEnglishgorilla
worldcoldsoiltallsellcoolanimal
9)n[n][ŋ]
moonnightnoodlenumber
unclehungryangryyoung
10)r[r][[](美语发音)
rightreadwritegradeprogress
cardboarddoorfloorformnorth
11)y[j][i][ai]
yellowyearyellyoungyolk
universitycountryprettyhappy
dykedyingflybuybymy
12)ar[a:
][ɔ][ɔ:
]
farmcardgardenmark
dollar
warmquarrelquarter
13)ea[i:
][e][ei][iə]
ceaseseasonbreathefeaturemeatplease
breadbreastbreathmeadowweather
greatbreak
idearealize
14)ear[ə:
][iə]
learnearthearnheard
hearnearclearearfear
15)er[ə:
][ə][iə]
deserveserveherperson
teacherdriverangersinger
seriousexperiencemysteriousfierce
16)ere[iə][ɛə]
heremereferesere
there
17)ir[ə:
][ai]
shirtgirlskirt
admiredesire
18)oo[u:
][u][ʌ][ɔ:
]
roomtoolcoolmoonnoongooffood
goodfootstoodwoodwoolcookwoodbook
bloodflood
doorfloor
19)or[ɔ:
][[ə:
][ə]
shortformcornbornfor
workworldwormwordworst
tractordoctoractorsectorseniorsenator
20)oor[ɔ:
][ʊə]
doorfloor
moorpoorboor
21)our[auə][ɔ:
]
hourtourflourbournlour
pourcourtfourmourn
22)ou[au][ʌ][ə]
housemouthmousesoundfound
enoughtroubletouch
deliciousgraciousprosperous
23)ow[əu][au]
windowmeadowknowshowlow
nowtownhowdowncow
24)se[z][s]
nosesupposegoseloseposerose
mousehouse
25)th[θ][ð]
thankthinkthoughtcloth
clothesthatthisthenthan
26)sion[ʃən][ʒən]
propulsiontensionprogressionpassion
protrusionprovisionconclusiontelevision
27)tion[ʃən][tʃən](不常见)
stationnationtranslationattention
question
6关于语音的几个概念:
音素:
音的最小单位,英语中有48个音素.
音节:
由元音和辅音构成的发音单位.
元音:
发音响亮,是乐音,口腔中气流不受阻碍,是音节的主要组成部分.英语中有20个元音.辅音:
发音不响亮,是噪音,口腔中气流受到阻碍,不是音节的重要组成部分,英语中有28个辅音.
开音节:
1)辅音+元音+辅音+不发音ekitecakenamebikemaketakehomeplaneshine
2)辅音+元音hehigonodobetreethreehello
闭音节:
1)辅音+元音+辅音sitbedbadbaghothopletmadmaphead
2)元音+辅音itisofinonupoutant
重读音节词尾的字母组合oo发音素[u:
]的音。
如:
too(太;也),zoo(动物园),room(房间)等;
II.在辅音字母f,l,m,n,s前的字母组合oo也发音素[u:
]的音。
如:
roof(屋顶),school(学校),soon(不久),goose(鹅)等.有一个特例词要特别注意,它就是:
wool[u](羊毛);
III.在字母t前的字母组合oo发音素[u:
]的音。
如:
boot(靴子),tooth(牙齿),特例词:
foot[u](脚);
IV.字母组合oo在字母d和k前发音素[u]的音。
如:
good(好),book(书),look(看),特例词:
food[u:
](食物);
V.在复合词的非重读音节中的字母组合oo发音素[u]的音。
如:
bedroom(卧室),classroom(教室)等;
VI.在字母l和d之间的字母组合oo发音素[ʌ]的音。
如:
blood(血),flood(洪水)等.
巧记方法:
oo读长还是短,记住口诀就简单。
d,k之前读短[u],food一词是特例;t前读长[u:
],foot需要特殊记;复合词中要读短,其余多数读长[u:
];l,s,d间读作[ʌ],例外还要特殊记忆。
一、元音字母在重读音节中的读音
元音字母读音例词
a在开音节中[ei]nameplaneJanebabycake
在闭音节中[æ]bagdadhatmapblackback
e在开音节中[i:
]hethesemeChinese
在闭音节中[e]bedletpendeskyesegg
i在开音节中[ai]bikeflydrivetimenicekite
在闭音节中fishbigdrinksitmilkswim
o在开音节中[ou]thoseclosegohoehomeno
在闭音节中[ɔ]clocknotboxshopsock
u在开音节中[ju:
]studentexcusedutyTuesday
在闭音节中[ʌ]buscupjumpmuchlunch
在开音节中,元音字母u在辅音字母jlrs后面时读[u:
]音,例如:
Junebluerulersuper
二、元音字母在重读音节中的特殊读音
元音字母读音例词
a在[w]音后面[ɔ]wantwhatwatchwashquality
a在fnskphspssstth前[α:
]afterplantgraphaskgraspglassfastfather
i在-nd-ld和gh前[ai]findchildlighthigh
o在-st-ld前[ou]mostpostcardoldcold
o在mnvth前[ʌ]comemonkeylovemother
三、元音字母在非重读音节中的读音
元音字母读音例词
a[ə]Chinaanotherwomanbreakfast
orangecomradevillagecabbage
e[ə]hundredstudentopenweekend
chickenpocketbeginchildren
i[ə]holidaybeautifulfamilyanimal
[ai]exercisesatellite
o[ə]secondtonightsomebodywelcome
[əu]alsozerophoto
u[ə]autumndifficult
[ju:
]popularcongratulationJanuary
动词中的a如果处在开音节位置,a读[ei]音,例如:
operate
u处在开音节位置,又在辅音字母jlrs后面时,读[u(:
)]音,例如:
JulyinfluenceFebruaryissue
在非重读音节中,许多单词中的元音字母aei即可以读作[E]音,也可以读作音。
四、-r音
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