child developmentvery important.docx
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child developmentvery important.docx
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childdevelopmentveryimportant
Age
Motor
Speech
Visionandhearing
AdditionalNotes
4-6weeks
Smilesatparent
6-8weeks
Vocalizes
3months
Prone:
headheldupforprolongedperiods.Nograspreflex
Makesvowelnoises
Followsdanglingtoyfromsidetoside.Turnsheadroundtosound
Squealswithdelightappropriately.Discriminatessmile
5months
Holdsheadsteady.Goesforobjectsandgetsthem.Objectstakentomouth
Enjoysvocalplay
6months
Transfersobjectsfromonehandtotheother.Pullsselfuptositandsitserectwithsupports.Rollsoverpronetosupine.Palmargraspofcube
Doublesyllablesoundssuchas'mumum'and'dada'
Localisessound45cmlateraltoeitherear
Mayshow'strangershyness'
9-10months
Wigglesandcrawls.Sitsunsupported.Picksupobjectswithpincergrasp
Babblestunefully
Looksfortoysdropped
Apprehensiveaboutstrangers
1year
Standsholdingfurniture.Standsaloneforasecondortwo,thencollapseswithabump
Babbles2or3wordsrepeatedly
Dropstoys,andwatcheswheretheygo
Cooperateswithdressing,wavesgoodbye,understandssimplecommands
18months
Canwalkalone.Picksuptoywithoutfallingover.Getsup/downstairsholdingontorail.Beginstojumpwithbothfeet.Canbuildatowerof3or4cubesandthrowaball
'Jargon'.Manyintelligiblewords
Demandsconstantmothering.Drinksfromacupwithbothhands.Feedsselfwithaspoon.Mostchildrenwithautismarediagnosedatthisage.
2years
Abletorun.Walksupanddownstairs2feetperstep.Buildstowerof6cubes
Joins2-3wordsinsentences
Parallelplay.Drybyday
3years
Goesupstairs1footperstepanddownstairs2feetperstep.Copiescircle,imitatescrossanddrawsmanonrequest.Buildstowerof9cubes
Constantlyasksquestions.Speaksinsentences
Cooperativeplay.Undresseswithassistance.Imaginarycompanions
4years
Goesdownstairsonefootperstep,skipsononefoot.Imitatesgatewithcubes,copiesacross
Questioningatitsheight.Manyinfantilesubstitutionsinspeech
Dressesandundresseswithassistance.Attendstoowntoiletneeds
5years
Skipsonbothfeetandhops.Drawsamanandcopiesatriangle.Givesage
Fluentspeechwithfewinfantilesubstitutionsinspeech
Dressesandundressesalone
6years
Copiesadiamond.Knowsrightfromleftandnumberoffingers
Fluentspeech
Physicalspecifications
Age
Averagelength/height
(cm)
Lengthgrowth
Averageweight
Weightgain
Respirationrate
(perminute)
Normalbodytemperature
Heartrate(pulse)
(perminute)
Visualacuity
(Snellenchart)
1-4months
50–70 cm(20–28 in)
2.5 cm(0.98 in)permonth
4–8 kg(8.8–18 lb)
100-200gperweek
30to40
35.7-37.5°C
4-8months
70–75 cm(28–30 in)
1.3 cm(0.51 in)permonth
(doublingbirthweight)
500gpermonth
25to50
8-12months
Approx.1.5timesbirthlengthbyfirstbirthday
9.6 kg(21 lb)
Nearlytriplethebirthweightbyfirstbirthday
500gpermonth
20to45
35.7-37.5°C(96.4-99.6°F)
20/100
12-24months
80–90 cm(31–35 in)
5–8 cm(2.0–3.1 in)peryear
9–13 kg(20–29 lb)
130-250gpermonth
22to40
80to110
20/60
2years
85–95 cm(33–37 in)
7–13 cm(2.8–5.1 in)peryear
12–15 kg(26–33 lb)
about4timesbirthweight
1kgperyear
20to35
3years
95–100 cm(37–39 in)
Nearlydoublebirthlength
5–8 cm(2.0–3.1 in)peryear
13–17 kg(29–37 lb)
1.4-2.3kgperyear
20to30
35-37°C
90to110
20/40
4years
101.6–114 cm(40.0–44.9 in)
5–6.5 cm(2.0–2.6 in)peryear
14.5–17 kg(32–37 lb)
1.8-2.3kgperyear
20-30
36.6-37.4°C
90to110
20/30
5years
105–115 cm(41–45 in)
5–6.5 cm(2.0–2.6 in)peryear
17–21 kg(37–46 lb)
1.8-2.3kgperyear
20-30
90to110
20/20
>5years
105–120 cm(41–47 in)
5–7 cm(2.0–2.8 in)peryear
17–22 kg(37–49 lb)
2kgperyear
Specificationssortedbyreachedage
Creativedevelopmentcouldverywellbeseenashowthechildlearnsinitsenvironmentthroughexperimentingindifferentwaysofdoingeverything.
[edit]1-4months
[edit]Physical
∙Headandchestcircumferencearenearlyequaltothepartoftheabdomen.
∙Headcircumferenceincreasesapproximately2cmpermonthuntiltwomonths,thenincreases1.5cmpermonthuntilfourmonths.Increasesareanimportantindicationofcontinuedbraingrowth.
∙Continuestobreatheusingabdominalmuscles.
∙Posteriorfontanelclosesbythesecondmonth.
∙Anteriorfontanelclosestoapproximately1.3cm.
∙Skinremainssensitiveandeasilyirritated.
∙Legsmayappearslightlybowed.
∙Crieswithtears.
∙Eyesbeginmovingtogetherinunison(binocularvision).
[edit]Motordevelopment
∙Rootingandsuckingreflexesarewelldeveloped.
∙Swallowingreflexandtonguemovementsarestillimmature;continueddroolingandinabilitytomovefoodtothebackofthemouth.
∙Graspreflexgraduallydisappears.
∙Landaureflexappearsnearthemiddleofthisperiod;whenbabyisheldinaprone(facedown)position,theheadishelduprightandlegsarefullyextended.
∙Graspswithentirehand;strengthinsufficienttoholditems.Holdshandsinanopenorsemi-openposition.
∙Musclestrengthandcontrolimproving;earlymovementsarelargeandjerky;graduallybecomesmootherandmorepurposeful.
∙Raisesheadandupperbodyonarmswheninaproneposition.
∙Turnsheadsidetosidewheninasupine(faceup)position;neartheendofthisperiodcanholdheadupandinlinewiththebody.
∙Upperbodypartsaremoreactive:
claspshandsaboveface,wavesarmsabout,reachesforobjects.
[edit]4-8months
[edit]Physical
∙Headandchestcircumferencesarebasicallyequal.
∙Headcircumferenceincreasesapproximately1cmpermonthuntilsixtosevenmonths,then0.5cmpermonth;headcircumferenceshouldcontinuetoincreasesteadily,indicatinghealthy,ongoingbraingrowth.
∙Breathingisabdominal;respirationratedependingonactivity;rateandpatternsvaryfrominfanttoinfant.
∙Teethmaybegintoappear,withupperandlowerincisorscominginfirst.Gumsmaybecomeredandswollen,accompaniedbyincreaseddrooling,chewing,biting,andmouthingofobjects.
∙Legsmayappearbowed;bowinggraduallydisappearsasinfantgrowsolder.
∙Fatrolls("BabyFat")appearonthighs,upperarmsandneck.
∙Trueeyecolorisestablished.
[edit]Motordevelopment
∙Reflexivebehaviorsarechanging:
∙Blinkingreflexiswellestablished
∙Suckingreflexbecomesvoluntary
∙Mororeflexdisappears
∙Whenloweredsuddenly,infantthrowsoutarmsasaprotectivemeasure.
∙Swallowingreflexappearsandallowsinfanttomovesolidfoodsfromfrontofmouthtothebackforswallowing.
∙Picksupobjectsusingfingerandthumb(pincergrip).
∙Reachesforobjectswithbotharmssimultaneously;laterreacheswithonehandortheother.
∙Transfersobjectsfromonehandtotheother;graspsobjectusingentirehand(palmargrasp).
∙Handles,shakes,andpoundsobjects;putseverythinginmouth.
∙Abletoholdbottle.
∙Sitsalonewithoutsupport,holdingheaderect,backstraightened,andarmsproppedforwardforsupport
∙Pullsselfintoacrawlingpositionbyraisinguponarmsanddrawingkneesupbeneaththebody;rocksbackandforth,butgenerallydoesnotmoveforward.
∙Liftsheadwhenplacedonback.
∙Canrolloverfrombackorstomachposition.
∙Mayaccidentallybeginscootingbackwardswhenplacedonstomach;soonwillbegintocrawlforward.
∙Looksforfallenobjectsby7months
∙Plays‘peek-a-boo’games
∙Cannotunderstand“no”or“danger”
[edit]8-12Months
[edit]Physical
∙Respirationratesvarywithactivity
∙Environmentalconditions,weather,activity,andclothingstillaffectvariationsinbodytemperature.
∙Headandchestcircumferenceremainequal.
∙Continuestouseabdominalmusclesforbreathing.
∙Anteriorfontanelbeginstoclose.
∙Moreteethappear,oftenintheorderoftwolowerincisorsthentwoupperincisorsfollowedbyfourmoreincisorsandtwolowermolarsbutsomebabiesmaystillbewaitingfortheirfirst.
∙Armandhandsaremoredevelopedthanfeetandlegs(cephalocaudaldevelopment);handsappearlargeinproportiontootherbodyparts.
∙Legsmaycontinuetoappearbowed.
∙"BabyFat"continuestoappearonthighs,upperarmsandneck.
∙Feetappearflatasarchhasnotyetfullydeveloped.
∙Botheyesworkinunison(truebinocularcoordination).
∙Canseedistantobjects(4mto6m(15to20feet)away)andpointsatthem.
[edit]Motordevelopment
∙Reacheswithonehandleadingtograspanofferedobjectortoy.
∙Manipulatesobjects,transferringthemfromonehandtotheother.
∙Exploresnewobjectsbypokingwithonefinger.
∙Usesdeliberatepincergrasptopickupsmallobjects,toys,andfingerfoods.
∙Stacksobjects;alsoplacesobjectsinsideoneanother.
∙Releasesobjectsortoysbydroppingorthrowing;cannotintentionallyputanobjectdown.
∙Beginningtopullselftoastandingposition.
∙Beginningtostandalone,leaningonfurnitureforsupport;movesaroundobstaclesbyside-stepping.
∙Hasgoodbalancewhensitting;canshiftpositionswithoutfalling.
∙Creepsonhandsandknees;crawlsupanddownstairs.
∙Walkswithadultsupport,holdingontoadult'shand;maybegintowalkalone.
∙Watchespeople,objects,andactivitiesintheimmediateenvironment.
∙Showsawarenessofdistantobjects(4mto6m(15to20feet)away)bypointingatthem.
∙Respondstohearingtests(voicelocalization);however,losesinterestquicklyand,therefore,maybedifficulttotestinformally.
∙Followssimpleinstructions.
∙Reachesfortoysthatareoutofreachbutvisible
∙Reco
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