版英语全国必修5同步导学笔记文档Unit 1 P.docx
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版英语全国必修5同步导学笔记文档Unit 1 P.docx
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版英语全国必修5同步导学笔记文档Unit1P
PeriodThree Grammar—ThePastParticiple
(1)asthe
AttributeandPredicative
课文原句感知
1.Buthebecameinspired(inspire)whenhethoughtabouthelpingordinarypeopleexposed(expose)tocholera.
2.Fromthestomachthediseasequicklyattackedthebodyandsoontheaffected(affect)persondied.
3.Hefoundthatitcamefromtheriverpolluted(pollute)bythedirtywaterfromLondon.
4.NicolausCopernicuswasfrightened(frighten)andhismindwasconfused(confuse).
5.Heplacedafixed(fix)sunatthecentreofthesolarsystemwiththeplanetsgoingrounditandonlythemoonstillgoingroundtheearth.
一、过去分词作定语
1.意义:
及物动词的过去分词作定语往往表示被动和完成;不及物动词的过去分词作定语不表示被动,只表示完成。
(1)表示被动和完成
apollutedriver一条被污染的河流
thewateredflowers浇过水的花
(2)只表示完成,不表示被动
fallenleaves落叶
therisensun升起的太阳
2.位置:
单个的过去分词作定语时,通常放在被修饰词的前面;过去分词短语作定语时,通常放在被修饰词的后面,其作用相当于一个定语从句。
Thestudentdressedinwhiteismydaughter.
=Thestudentwhoisdressedinwhiteismydaughter.
穿白色衣服的那个学生是我女儿。
注意:
过去分词作定语和现在分词作定语的区别:
(1)语态不同:
现在分词表示主动;过去分词表示被动。
Thequestiondiscussedwasveryimportant.
讨论过的那个问题很重要。
Thehousestandingatthecornerofthestreetwasbuiltin2016.矗立在街道角落的那所房子是2016年建的。
(2)时间关系上不同:
现在分词表示动作正在进行;过去分词表示动作已经完成。
二、过去分词作表语
1.意义:
用在系动词后面,构成系表结构,表示主语所处的状态。
Shelookeddisappointed.她看上去很失望。
Wewereencouragedatthenews.
听到这个消息我们很受鼓舞。
2.过去分词作表语表示主语所处的状态。
这一结构从形式上与被动语态相同,但被动语态强调主语所承受的动作。
试比较:
拓展 你知道下列各组词在作定语和表语时的区别吗?
exciting/excited,interesting/interested,disappointing/disappointed,encouraging/encouraged,puzzling/puzzled,surprising/surprised,pleasing/pleased,confusing/confused,moving/moved,terrifying/terrified
Whenheheardthemovingstory,hewasdeeplymoved.当他听到这个感人的故事时,他深受感动。
Ⅰ.单句语法填空
1.Jimhasretired,buthestillremembersthehappytimespent(spend)withhisstudents.(2017·北京)
2....IwasthefirstWesternTVreporterpermitted(permit)tofilmaspecialunitcaringforpandasrescuedfromstarvationinthewild.(2016·全国Ⅰ)
3.Toreturntotheproblemofwaterpollution,I’dlikeyoutolookatastudyconducted(conduct)inAustraliain2012.(2016·浙江)
4.Inartcriticism,youmustassumetheartisthasasecretmessagehidden(hide)withinthework.(2016·江苏)
5.Doyoufindyourselfgettingimpatientorannoyed(annoy)withpeopleoverunimportantthings?
(2016·上海)
Ⅱ.单句改错(每小题仅有1处错误)
1.Intheirsparetime,theyare
inplantingvegetablesintheirgarden.(2017·全国Ⅱ,短文改错)
2.Momwasgratefuland
.(2016·四川,短文改错)
3.Itwasboth
andfrighteningtobeupthere!
(2016·浙江,短文改错)
4.Iamawfully
,butIknowI’llneverfallasleep.(2013·浙江,短文改错)
Ⅰ.单句语法填空
1.Thisisthestatueofasoldierseated(seat)onahorse.
2.WhenIenteredhisroom,hewasburied(bury)inhisbooks.
3.Someofthepeopleinvited(invite)tothepartycouldn’tcome.
4.Heistalkingwithamancalled(call)MrWang.
5.Hewasdiscouraged(discourage)whenheheardhismother’swords.
Ⅱ.单句改错(每小题仅有1处错误)
6.Pricesofgoods
throughacomputercanbelowerthansomestoreprices.
7.Atlast,the
fathercametothesmallschool.
8.Tomwasvery
whenheheardthenews.
9.Hetoldmethenewsinan
voicethatday.
10.Mostofuslikedthefilm
byayoungdirector.
Ⅲ.完成句子
11.据说这是一座由一个年轻工程师设计的桥。
Itissaidthatthisisabridgedesignedbyayoungengineer.
12.你为什么看起来这么失望?
Whyareyoulookingsodisappointed?
13.那些受伤的孩子在这个医院里得到了很好的照料。
Theinjuredchildrenweretakengoodcareofinthishospital.
14.我们到校时,老人正在扫地上的落叶。
Whenwegottoschool,theoldmanwassweepingthefallenleavesontheground.
15.这个男孩在踢足球时,摔断了左腿。
Whiletheboywasplayingfootball,hisleftleggotbroken.
Ⅳ.语法填空
(2018·江西樟树中学高二月考)
LastSaturdayafternoon,IwenttothesupermarkettomeetmyfriendSammy.Weplannedtomeetat3:
00p.m.AsIarrived15minutes16.earlier(early)Idecidedtohaveasnackandadrink.Iwenttoanewcafe17.called(call)TheMetro.ItwasalittleexpensiveandIjustgotasoda.Itwasreally18.crowded(crowd),butIfoundatableandsatdown.
Thenaguycameoverandsatoppositeme.Hehadacupofcoffeeandasandwich.Hedrank19.thecoffeeandatehalfofthesandwich,andthenheleft.Iwassohungry,soIatetheotherhalf,20.which,Ithought,wasobviouslyleftover.Thenafewminuteslater,hecameback.Hewasonhiscellphone,soIdidn’tgivean21.explanation(explain)aboutthesandwich.Ijustleft22.feeling(feel)veryembarrassed.
Butthingsgoteven23.worse(bad).ImetmyfriendSammylaterandshesaidhercousinJosh24.waswaiting(wait)forusinTheMetroCafe.Andyes,itwasthesameguy.Oh,myGosh!
HowIwishIcouldslide25.intotheground.
Ⅰ.阅读理解
A
(2017·江西致远中学高二月考)
The92-year-old,thin,calmandproudlady,whoisfullydressedeachmorningbyeighto’clock,eventhoughsheisnearlyblind,movedtoanursinghometoday.
Herhusbandofseventyyearsrecentlypassedaway,makingthemovenecessary.Aftermanyhoursofwaitingpatientlyinthehalloft
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