高二英语阅读理解强化训练附解析Day 262.docx
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高二英语阅读理解强化训练附解析Day 262.docx
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高二英语阅读理解强化训练附解析Day262
高二英语阅读理解强化训练附解析Day262
Passage1
AcompanyinSanFrancisco,California,hasfoundawaytoturnusedplasticbottlesintowomen’sshoes.
Everyday,millionsofAmericansdrinkwaterandotherliquidsfromplasticbottles.Morethan60millionofthemarethrownawayeachday.Manyoftheplasticbottlesendupinlandfillsorareburnedwithotherwasteproducts.
ASanFranciscostart-upcompanycalledRothy’s,however,turnsthisplasticwasteintoenvironmentallyfriendlyshoes.RothMartinisthecompany’sco-founder.Heexplainshowtheyturnplasticintosoftmaterialforwomen’sfeet.Theytaketheplastic,cleanit,andbreakitdownintosmallpieces.Thentheypressthemthroughadevicethatmakessoftfibers.Thosefibersarethencombinedtogether.Thisisdonebya3Dmachine.Itisdesignedtoreducewastewhilemakingtheshoes.Theknittedstuffandtheinnerpartoftheshoearethenattachedtotheshoe’souterpart,calledthesole(鞋底).Thisoutersoleisalsomadefromenvironmentallyfriendlymaterial:
responsiblysourcedno-carbonrubber.
Rothy’sshoesaresoldonline.Theyareflatshoes,witheitheraroundedorpointedtoe.Theycomeindifferentcolorsanddesigns.Theycosteither$125or$145perpair,dependingonthedesign.AfterAmericanactressGwynethPaltrowdiscoveredthemlastyear,thedemandfortheshoesgrew.Martinsaysthereisnoshortageofmaterialtofillthatdemand.“We’renotgoingtorunoutofwaterbottlesanytimesoon.Sowehavealimitlesssupplyofmaterial,andIthinkthatisagoodsignforourfuture.”Whentheenvironmentallyfriendlyshoeswearout,customerscanreturnthematnocosttoacompanythatusestherecycledmaterialstomakeotherproducts.
Fornow,theshoesareonlyavailabletobeshippedintheUnitedStates.However,thecompanysaysitwilladdinternationalshippinginthenearfuture.
1.Howareusedplasticbottlesusuallydealtwith?
A.Theyareburiedorburned.
B.Theyareusedtomakeshoes.
C.Theyarechangedintosoftmaterials.
D.Theyarcreturnedtofactoriesforreuse.
2.Whatdoestheunderlinedwordknittedinthethirdparagraphmean?
A.Attached.B.Fixed.
C.Combined.D.Repaired.
3.WhichofthefollowingdirectlyhelpedtoincreasethesalesofRothy’sshoes?
A.Thedesignandcolor.
B.Thereasonableprice.
C.Thecompany’sadvertisement.
D.ThestarpowerofGwynethPaltrow.
4.Whatisthepurposeofthetext?
A.Toadvertiseanewkindofshoes.
B.Todescribetheprocessofmakingshoes.
C.Tointroduceanewwayofrecyclingplasticwaste.
D.Tostresstheimportanceofenvironmentalprotection.
Passage2
Bytheendofthecentury,ifnotsooner,theworld’soceanswillbebluerandgreenerthankstoawarmingclimate,accordingtoanewstudy.
Attheheartofthephenomenonlietinymarinemicroorganisms(海洋微生物)calledphytoplankton.Becauseofthewaylightreflectsofftheorganisms,thesephytoplanktoncreatecolourfulpatternsattheoceansurface.Oceancolourvariesfromgreentoblue,dependingonthetypeandconcentrationofphytoplankton.Climatechangewillfuelthegrowthofphytoplanktoninsomeareas,whilereducingitinotherspots,leadingtochangesintheocean'sappearance.
Phytoplanktonliveattheoceansurface,wheretheypullcarbondioxide(二氧化碳)intotheoceanwhilegivingoffoxygen.Whentheseorganismsdie,theyburycarboninthedeepocean,animportantprocessthathelpstoregulatetheglobalclimate.Butphytoplanktonarevulnerabletotheocean'swarmingtrend.Warmingchangeskeycharacteristicsoftheoceanandcanaffectphytoplanktongrowth,sincetheyneednotonlysunlightandcarbondioxidetogrow,butalsonutrients.
StephanieDutkiewicz,ascientistinMIT'sCenterforGlobalChangeScience,builtaclimatemodelthatprojectschangestotheoceansthroughoutthecentury.Inaworldthatwarmsupby3℃,itfoundthatmultiplechangestothecolouroftheoceanswouldoccur.Themodelprojectsthatcurrentlyblueareaswithlittlephytoplanktoncouldbecomeevenbluer.Butinsomewaters,suchasthoseoftheArctic,awarmingwillmakeconditionsriperforphytoplankton,andtheseareaswillturngreener.“Notonlyarethequantitiesofphytoplanktonintheoceanchanging.”shesaid,“butthetypeofphytoplanktonischanging.”
1.Whatarethefirsttwoparagraphsmainlyabout?
A.Thevariouspatternsattheoceansurface.
B.Thecauseofthechangesinoceancolour.
C.Thewaylightreflectsoffmarineorganisms.
D.Theeffortstofuelthegrowthofphytoplankton.
2.Whatdoestheunderlinedword“vulnerable”inParagraph3probablymean?
A.Sensitive.B.Beneficial
C.SignificantD.Unnoticeable
3.Whatcanwelearnfromthepassage?
A.Phytoplanktonplayadecliningroleinthemarineecosystem.
B.Dutkiewicz'smodelaimstoprojectphytoplanktonchanges
C.Phytoplanktonhavebeenusedtocontrolglobalclimate
D.Oceanswithmorephytoplanktonmayappeargreener.
4.Whatisthemainpurposeofthepassage?
A.Toassesstheconsequencesofoceancolourchanges
B.Toanalysethecompositionoftheoceanfoodchain
C.Toexplaintheeffectsofclimatechangeonoceans
D.Tointroduceanewmethodtostudyphytoplankton
Passage3
In1941,sciencefictionwriterIsaacAsimovstatedtheThreeLawsofRobotics.Theselawscomefromtheworldofsciencefiction,buttherealworldiscatchingup.AlawfirmgavePittsburgh’sCarnegieMellonUniversity$10milliontoexploreartificialintelligence.PeterKalis,chairmanofthelawfirm,K&LGates,saidthedevelopmentoftechnologyhadledtoquestionsthatwerenevertakenseriouslybefore.Whatwillhappenwhenyoumakerobotsthataresmart,independentthinkersandthentrytolimittheirfreedom?
ResearcherKalissaid,“Oneexpertsaidwe’llbeatapointwhenwegiveaninstructiontoourrobottogotoworkinthemorninganditturnsaroundandsays,‘I’drathergotothebeach.’”Hesaidthatonedaywewouldwantlawstokeepourfree-thinkingrobotsfromrunningwild.
Withthelawfirm’sgift,theuniversitywillbeabletoexploreproblemsnowappearingwithinautomatedindustries.“Takedriverlesscarsforexample,”Kalissaid.“Ifthere’sanaccidentconcernedwithadriverlesscar,whatpoliciesdowehaveinplace?
Whatkindofinsurancepoliciesdotheyhave?
”Infact,peoplecantakearideinadriverlesscarinPittsburghwhereanAmericanonlinetransportationnetworkcompanyusesthecityasatestinggroundforthecompany’sdriverlesscars.
Theproblemsgobeyondself-drivingcarsandrobots.Thinkaboutthenextgenerationofsmartphones,thosechipsfixedintelevisions,computers,fridges,etc.,andtheever-expandingcollectionofpersonaldatabeingstoredinthe“cloud”.SocanAsimov’sThreeLawsofRoboticsbeusedinreality?
Isitnecessarytohaveamoralguidelinethateveryonecanunderstand?
Whateveritis,doingnoharmshouldbetheveryfirstone.
1.Whatcanwelearnfromthefirstparagraph?
A.Robotshouldhavemorefreedom.
B.Technologyisrunningaheadoflaws.
C.TheThreeLawsofRoboticsarepractical.
D.Peterwantstoexploreartificialintelligence.
2.Whatmakeshumansworryaboutrobots?
A.Robotsmaybeoutofcontrol.
B.Robotscandosomethingillegal.
C.Robotscanbecomeangryeasily.
D.Robotsmayhavemanyrequests.
3.Whatisthethirdparagraphintendedtotellus?
A.It’shardforrobotstoobeyrules.
B.Alawonroboticsisreallyamust.
C.Driverlesscarscancauseaccidents.
D.Driverlesscarsarebeingtestedoutnow.
4.Whatshouldthebasiclawonroboticsbeaccordingtothetext?
A.Robotsshouldbecautiouslyusedinlife.
B.RobotsshouldobeyAsimov’sThreeLaws.
C.Robotsshouldbeeasyforpeopletooperate.
D.Robotsshouldhelpwithpeople’slifeandwork.
Passage4
EdgarAllanPoewasanAmericanwriterwhohelpedshapethecourseofAmericanliterature.Hislifewasfulloftragedies,buthehadthegreatinfluenceonthe19th-centuryAmericanliteratureandcontinuestoinfluencewriterstothisday.
TheearlylifeofEdgarAllanPoewasquiteunhappy.Bornin1809,Poewasnotyetthreeyearsoldwhenhisparentsdied.Adoptedbyawealthyfamily,hegotintotroubleatschool.HeenteredtheUnitedStatesMilitaryAcademyatWestPoint,buthedroppedoutwithoutgraduating.Hismisery(不幸)continuedtohisadultlife.Later,becauseofafailedmarriage,hesufferedfrommentalillness.Hewassoupsetaboutreallifethatheturnedtowriting.Expressinghimselfinanunrealandimaginaryworldwashisonlycomfort.
ThetragediesinPoe’slifeinfluencedthetone,styleandcontentsofhiswriting.Hisstoriesusuallyincludedeath,whichhelpbuildhisreputationasamasterof“dark”literature.InhisTheTell-TaleHeart,themaincharactergoescrazyandkillshisroommatewhileinTheBlackCat,themaincharacterkillshiscatinafitofmadness.
Poediedattheageof40in1849.Hislifeisshort,buthisinfluenceisverygreat.Poeiscreditedwith(被誉为)creatingcrimefiction,andmanysayhecontributedgreatlytotheappearanceofsciencefiction.Fascinated(着迷)bythescientifictheoriesandnewinventionsofhistime,hewroteaboutimaginarysocietiesinthefuture.WriterssuchasArthurConanDoyle,theauthorofSherlockHolmes,regardedPoeasthefatherofdetectivefiction.JulesVerne,aFrenchwriterwhohelpedpopularizesciencefiction,saidPoe’sworkhadadirectinfluenceonthestorieshewrote.
1.Poebegantowriteto_________.
A.earnhislivingB.findcomfortinwriting
C.buildagoodreputationD.createabeautifulworld
2.ItcanbelearntthatPoe’sworksoftenreflect________.
A.soldiers’lifeB.hisownlifestories
C.asenseofpeaceD.somepoliticalproblems
3.
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