课后阅读作业 Unit 2Period 3.docx
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课后阅读作业 Unit 2Period 3.docx
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课后阅读作业Unit2Period3
课后阅读作业
Unit2Period3
A
LONDON(Reuters)—Organicfruit,deliveredrighttothedoorstep.ThatiswhatGabrielGoldprefers,andheiswillingtopayforit.Ifthisisnotpossible,the26-year-oldcomputertechnicianwillspendtheextramoneyatthesupermarketbuyingorganicfood.
“Organicproductisalwaysbetter,”Goldsaid.“Thefoodisfreeofpesticides(杀虫剂),andyouaregenerallysupportingfamilyfarmsinsteadoflargefarms.Andmoreoftenthannotitislocallygrownandseasonal,soitistasty.”Goldisoneofthegrowingnumberofshoppersbuyingintotheorganictrend,andsupermarketsacrossBritainarecountingonmorelikehimastheygrowtheirorganicfoodbusiness.Buthowmanyshoppersreallyknowwhattheyaregetting,andwhyaretheywillingtopayahigherpricefororganicproduct?
MarketresearchshowsthatGoldandotherswhobuyorganicfoodcangenerallygiveclearreasonsfortheirpreferences—buttheirknowledgeoforganicfoodisfarfromcomplete.Forexample,smallamountsofpesticidescanbeusedonorganicproduct.AndaboutthreequartersoforganicfoodinBritainisnotlocalbutimportedtomeetgrowingdemand.“Thedemandfororganicfoodisincreasingbyaboutonethirdeveryyear,soitisaveryfast-growingmarket,”saidSueFlock,aspecialistinthislineofbusiness.
【语篇概述】有机农产品不用农药,更环保,更健康。
尽管价格稍高,但还是很受人们的青睐。
1.MoreandmorepeopleinBritainarebuyingorganicfoodbecause______.
A.theyaregettingricher
B.theycangetthefoodanywhere
C.theyconsiderthefoodfreeofpollution
D.theylikehome-grownfruit
【解析】选C。
细节理解题。
根据第二段中的“Organicproductisalwaysbetter...Thefoodisfreeofpesticides...”可知,有机农产品不用农药,没有污染。
2.WhichofthefollowingstatementsisTRUEaboutmostorganicproductsoldinBritain?
A.Itgrowsindoorsallyearround.
B.ItisproducedoutsideBritain.
C.Itisgrownonfamilyfarms.
D.Itisproducedonlargefarms.
【解析】选B。
细节理解题。
此题考查审题的缜密性。
本题的题眼在“most”一词。
根据第二段中的“AndaboutthreequartersoforganicfoodinBritainisnotlocalbutimportedtomeetgrowingdemand.”可知,英国本地生产有机农产品,但是约四分之三的有机农产品是从国外进口的。
3.Whatisthemeaningoftheunderlinedwords“theorganictrend”inthesecondparagraph?
A.Growinginterestinorganicfood.
B.Betterqualityoforganicfood.
C.Risingmarketfororganicfood.
D.Higherpricesoforganicfood.
【解析】选A。
词义猜测题。
根据第二段中的“Goldisoneofthegrowingnumberofshoppersbuyingintotheorganictrend...”可知,越来越多的人购买有机农产品,结果成了一种潮流。
4.Whatisthebesttitleforthisnewsstory?
A.Organicfood—healthy,orjustforthewealthy?
B.ThemakingoforganicfoodinBritain
C.Organicfood—toimportornot?
D.Goodqualitiesoforganicfood
【解析】选A。
主旨大意题。
综观全文可知,有机农产品不用农药,更环保,更健康。
在英国,约四分之三的有机农产品是从国外进口的,价格稍高一点,但是购买的人还是越来越多。
B
Forsomeyearsthebigdrugmakershavebeenworryingaboutanapproaching“patentcliff”—afallinsalesasthepatentsontheirmostpopularpillsexpireorarestruckdownbylegalchallenges,withfewnewpotentialblockbusterstotaketheirplace.Thisweekthepatentonthebest-sellingdruginhistoryexpired—Lipitor,ananti-cholesterolpillwhichearnedPfizernearly$11billioninrevenueslastyear.Inall,pilllikeLipitorwithacombined$170billioninannualsaleswillgooff-patentbytheendof2019.
Whatissupposedtohappennowisthatlotsofcopycatfirmsrushinwith“generic”(ie,chemicallyidentical)versionsofLipitoratperhapsone-fifthofitsprice.Patientsandhealth-carepayersshouldreapthebenefit.Pfizer’srevenuesshouldsuffer.Thesamestorywillberepeatedmanytimes,asotherbest-sellingdrugsmarchoverthepatentcliff.
Butgenericsmakersmayfacedelaysgettingtheircheaperversionstomarket.Ranbaxy,aJapanese-owneddrugmaker,struggledtogetregulators’approvalforitsgenericversionofLipitor,andonlywonitonthedaythepatentexpired.Moreimportantly,research-baseddrugfirmsareusingavarietyoftacticstomakethepatentcliffslopemoregently.JonLeibowitz,chairmanofAmerica’sFederalTradeCommission(FTC),isconcernedbydrugmakersfilingadditionalpatentsontheirproductstoputoffthedaywhentheirprotectionexpires.
Anothertactic(策略)is“pay-for-delay”,inwhichadrugmakerfacingalegalchallengetoitspatentpaysitswould-becompetitortoputoffintroducingitscheapercopy.IntheyeartoOctobertheFTCidentifiedwhatitbelievestobe28suchsettlements.AmericanandEuropeanregulatorsarelookingintothesedeals.However,legalchallengesagainstthemhavebeendelayed,andabilltobanthemisstuckinCongress.
Toencouragegenericsmakerstochallengepatentsondrugs,andintroducecheapercopies,anAmericanlawpassedin1984saysthatthefirstonetodosowillgeta180-dayexclusivityperiod,inwhichnoothergenericsmakercansellversionsofthedruginquestion,asRanbaxysupposedlywonwithLipitor.
However,Pfizerisexploitingaloophole(空子)inthe1984law,whichletsitappointasecond,authorizedcopycat—inthiscase,Watson,anotherAmericanfirm.AccordingtoBernsteinResearch,underthedealbetweenthetwodrugmakersPfizerwillreceiveabout70%ofWatson’srevenuesfromitsapprovedcopyofLipitor.Moreunusual,Pfizerhascutthepriceofitsoriginalversion,andwillkeepmarketingitvigorously.SoRanbaxyfacesnotone,buttwocompetitors.
AllthismayraisePfizer’ssalesbynearly$500minthelasthalfof2019comparedwithwhattheywouldotherwisehavebeen,saysTimAndersonofBernsteinResearch,withrevenuesthenfallingafterthe180daysareover.OthersfearthatPfizer’stactics,ifcopied,willmakethe180-dayexclusivityperiodworthfarless,andthusdiscouragegenericfirmsfromchallengingpatentsinthefirstplace.
【语篇概述】本文主要讲述药品制造商所面临的销售危机和对此采取的一些措施。
5.WhatisthetacticmentionedinParagraph4?
A.Legalchallengesagainstexpiredpatentshavebeenpaidforputtingoffthecheapercopy.
B.BillstoprohibitgenericmakershavebeenstuckinCongress.
C.Drugmakerstrytospendmoneydelayingfilingadditionalpatentsonpopularpills.
D.Patent-holdersgivepossiblecompetitorsmoneytopreventmorelosses.
【解析】选D。
细节理解题。
从第四段第一句中的“would-becompetitor”可知,其与选项中的“would-becompetitor”相一致。
6.Pfizerexploitaloopholeinthe1984lawmainlyby______.
A.marketingLipitormoreactively
B.makingthepriceofLipitorgoup
C.cooperatingwithWatsontobeatRanbaxy
D.encouragingWatsontoproducecheapercopies
【解析】选C。
细节理解题。
从倒数第二段最后一句“SoRanbaxyfacesnotone,buttwocompetitors.”可知,Pfizer所做的是为了跟屈臣氏联合打败Ranbaxy。
7.Howmanytacticsareadoptedbypatent-holdersinthepassage?
A.Two. B.Three. C.Four. D.Five.
【解析】选B。
细节理解题。
从第三段最后一句和第四段第一句以及倒数第三段内容可知共运用了三个策略。
8.Whichofthefollowingmightbethebesttitleforthepassage?
A.Drugmakers’struggle
B.Genericmakers’dilemma
C.Lawsconcerningpatentprotection
D.PopularpillsofPfizer
【解析】选A。
主旨大意题。
第一段讲述了药品商的销售危机,接下来讲述了药品商采取的一些策略。
所以总体上来讲就是药品商之间的竞争。
C
Thinkaboutthedifferentwaysthatpeopleusewind.Youcanuseittoflyakiteortosailaboat.Windisoneofourcleanestandrichestpowersources,aswellasoneoftheoldest.Evidenceshowsthatwindmills(风车)begantobeusedinancientIranbackintheseventhcenturyBC.TheywerefirstintroducedtoEuropeduringthe1100s,whenarmiesreturnedfromtheMiddleEastwithknowledgeofusingwindpower.
Formanycenturies,peopleusedwindmillstogrind(磨碎)wheatintoflourorpumpwaterfromdeepunderground.Whenelectricitywasdiscoveredinthelate1800s,peoplelivinginremote(偏僻的)areasbegantousethemtoproduceelectricity.Thisallowedthemtohaveelectriclightsandradio.However,bythe1940swhenelectricitywasavailabletopeopleinalmostallareasoftheUnitedStates,windmillswererarelyused.
Duringthe1970s,peoplestartedbecomingconcernedaboutthepollutionthatiscreatedwhencoalandgasareburnedtoproduceelectricity.Peoplealsorealizedthatthesupplyofcoalandgaswouldnotlastforever.Then,windwasrediscovered,thoughitmeanshighcosts.Today,thereisaglobalmovementtosupplymoreandmoreofourelectricitythroughtheuseofwind.
【语篇概述】文章介绍风能发展的过程和用途,并介绍全球已越来越多地使用风力发电,因为它是清洁环保的能源。
9.Fromthetextweknowthatwindmills______.
A.wereinventedbyEuropeansarmies
B.haveahistoryofmorethan2800years
C.usedtosupplypowertoelectriclightsinremoteareas
D.haverarelybeenusedsinceelectricitywasdiscovered
【解析】选C。
细节理解题。
根据第二段的第二、三两句可知,风车可以给偏僻的地方的无线电提供电力。
10.Whatwasanewuseforwindpowerinthelate19thcentury?
A.Sailingaboat.
B.Producingelectricity.
C.Grindingwheatintoflour.
D.Pumpingwaterfromunderground.
【解析】选B。
细节理解题。
根据第二段第二句可知,在19世纪末期,风车可以用来发电。
11.Oneofthereasonswhywindwasrediscoveredinthe1970sisthat______.
A.windpoweriscleaner
B.itisoneoftheoldestpowersources
C.itwascheapertocreateenergyfromwind
D.thesupplyofcoalandgasfailedtomeetends
【解析】选A。
细节理解题。
根据第三段第一句可知,重新使用风能是因为它是清洁能源。
12.Whatwouldthewriterprobablydiscussintheparagraphthatfollows?
A.Theadvantagesofwindpower.
B.Thedesignofwindpowerplants.
C.Theworldwidemovementtosaveenergy.
D.Theglobaltrend(趋势)towardsproducingpowerfromwind.
【解析】选D。
推理判断题。
第三段最后已提出现在全球已越来越多地使用风力发电,所以下一段应该要进一步推广使用风力发电,这是一种总体的能源发展趋势。
语法填空
阅读下面材料,在空白处填入适当的内容(1个单词)或括号内单词的正确形式。
Manybookshavebeenwritingabout“theartofgiving”.Butwhatabouttheartofreceiving?
1.______(receive)agiftsometimescanbedifficult,2.______(especial)whensomeonebuysyouagiftyoudon’twant!
“Irememberwhenitwasmytwelfthbirthday,myparentsboughtme3.______purplepurse,”laughedAngella.“Itreallymademefeel4.______
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