医学英语视听说.docx
- 文档编号:5881067
- 上传时间:2023-01-01
- 格式:DOCX
- 页数:18
- 大小:322.56KB
医学英语视听说.docx
《医学英语视听说.docx》由会员分享,可在线阅读,更多相关《医学英语视听说.docx(18页珍藏版)》请在冰豆网上搜索。
医学英语视听说
MedicalEnglishWatchingListeningandSpeaking
医学英语视听说考试资料
TestIntroduction:
Part1:
名词解释
Part2:
简答
Part3:
病例分析
Part4:
体检
QuestionsForDiagnosis&Treatment-ChestPain
1.PossibleDisease
M.I.(myocardialinfarction)心肌梗塞
Angina心绞痛
Pericarditis心包炎
Pulmonaryembolism肺栓塞
Pneumothorax气胸
Cholecystitis胆囊炎
Severeindigestion严重消化不良
Pneumonia肺炎
Pancreatitis胰腺炎
Musculoskelrtal骨骼系统性疼痛
2.DescriptionsofPain
Aches疼痛,,throbbing悸痛,pulsing疼痛,stings刺痛\likeastabbingpain,Sharppain,comesinwaves,suddenpain,
Mychestfeelstight
Itfeelslikeatightbandaroundmychest
Pressure,压迫感
3.UsefulSentences
ForChestPain
HowLong
Whatdoesthepainfeellike?
Showmewherethepainis?
Isthepainjustinthatareaordoesitspeadanywhereelse?
Douhaveanypaininurshoulderordownurleftarm?
Isthepainconstantthereallthetime?
Doesthepaingetworsewhenu----breatheinorout?
----walkaroundordoheavywork?
Whatpainkillersdiduhave?
Aspirin(阿司匹林,paracetamol(扑热息痛)
HerearetheForms(化验单),UNeedtohavesomebloodtest,X-ray,andECGrightaway!
Urresultsshowthatuhave----,Iamafraiduwillhavetobeadmittedintohospitalfortreatment(住院治疗)
Uneedtohaveintravenousantibiotics(静脉输液),andoralmedication(口服药)。
QuestionforDiagnosis&Treatment----Diarrhea(腹泻)
1.PossibleDisease
Foodpoisoning食物中毒
Dysentery痢疾
IntestinalObstruction肠梗阻
Dehydration脱水
Intussusception肠套叠
Enteritis肠炎(小肠炎)
Crohn’sDisease节段性回肠炎
Irritablebowelsyndrome过敏性结肠炎
BowelTumour肠瘤
Constipation便秘
2.DescriptiveWordsforFaeces粪便andDiarrhea
Liquid液体watery水样
Lumpy粒状
Semi-soft半软
Mucous粘液
Bloodybloodyandlikejelly带血胶状
Darkbrown咖啡色
Creamcolor乳白色
Beige浅褐色
Dry干燥
Blackandsticky
黑色呈柏油
Smelly发臭的
Pus脓
Milkdeposits牛奶沉淀
Un-digested
未消化的
Pale白色
Green青色
3.QuestionforDiarrhea(顺序为横)
HowlongHowmanytimes
Bloody?
Stool(大便)looklike?
Dotheysmell?
Painwhenuhavediarrhea?
Vomit?
Eatsomethingwrong?
Abletoeat?
Howaboutfluids?
Anyfeverorheadache?
Doufeeldehydrated(脱水)?
Specimen(样品)ofstools;bloodtest;x-ray;ultrasound(超声)--------
Umusttakefluids,andjusthavealightdietuntilfeelbetter
Possiblebowelcancer(肠癌)(顺序为横)
3timesaweek2or3timesaday
Abitsoft,darkbrownNotsmell
paingoingwithAbdominalpainordiscomfort
Feelbloated腹胀Pressonstomachandpalpate
Dotestofspecimenofurstools,bloodtest
Mightneedendoscopic内窥镜的,内窥镜检查的orsigmoidoscopy乙状结肠镜检查[术]
QuestionsForDiagnosis&Treatment----AbdominalPain
1..PossibleDisease
AbdominalObstruction腹胀[æbˈdɔmənəl
Appendicitis阑尾炎[əˌpendɪˈsaɪtɪs]
FoodPoisoning食物中毒
Hepatitis肝炎[ˌhepəˈtaɪtɪs]
Cholecystitis(gallstones)胆囊炎,(胆结石)[ˌkɔlisisˈtaitis]
GynecologicalProblems妇科疾病[ˌɡainikəˈlɔdʒikəl]
StomachUlcer胃溃疡[ˈʌlsə]
Pancreatitis胰腺炎[ˌpæŋkriəˈtaitis]
UrologicalProblems泌尿系统问题
Respiratoryproblems呼吸系统问题[ˈrespərəˌtɔ:
ri
Cardiovascularproblems心血管问题[ˌkɑ:
di:
əʊˈvæskjələ]
2.UsefulSentences
Howlong?
where?
howpainfulisit?
Didthepainstratthereorsomewhereelse?
Doesithurtmoreaftercertainexercisesoractions?
Doufeelthatuhavehadfeveratanytime?
Areupassingurineok?
(你排尿正常吗?
)
Whatdoesururinelooklike?
Areuhavingyourbowelsopenregularly?
(排便正常吗)
Areumenstruating?
isitnormal?
Bleeding?
isitnormal?
Havingaperiod?
isitnormal?
(females,月经来了吗?
)
Areuvomiting?
Whatdouvomit?
Isthereapattern?
(一般什么情况下呕吐)
Areuabletoeatordrink?
Dougetpainaftereatinganddrinking?
Pleaselaydown,Ineedtoexamineu
Iwillneedtodosomeinvestigations:
bloodtests,x-rayandultrasound,urinetestsandstooltests
Cholecystitis
D:
Hello,mynameisDrpan,howcanIhelpu?
P:
Ihavehadabdominalpainforafewdaysandit’sgettingworse.
D;howlonghaveuhadabdominalpain?
P;aboutthreedays.
D;whereisit?
canushowme?
P:
yes,justhere.
D;howpainfulisit?
P:
atfirstitwasjustonandoff,butnowitseemstobethereallthetime.
D:
onascaleof1to10;ifnopainsis1andverypainful10,whatnumberwouldugiveyourpain?
P;I’dgiveita7
D;didthepainstartthereorsomewhereelse?
P;it’salwaysbeenthere.
D;doesithurtmoreafterexerciseoractions?
P;ifiamwalingaroundalot,itwillhurtabitmore.
D;doufeelthatuhavehadafeveratanytime?
P;no,Idon’tthinkso,IhavefelthotbutIhaven’ttakenmytemperature.
D;Ineedtotakeurtemperature,pulse,andB/P
Areupassingurineok?
P;yes
D;whatdoesururinelooklike?
P;normal
D;areuhavingurbowelsopenregulatly?
P;usuallyIdo,butIhaven’thadmybowelsopenforacoupleofdays.
D;haveuvomited?
P;no,IthoughtIwasgoingtotodaybutthefeelingpassed.
D;areuabletoeatanddrinkanything?
P;I’mdrinkingbutIhaven’treallyfeltlikeeating.
D:
whathaveubeendrinking?
P:
Ihavehadacoupleofglassesofwaterandacoupleofcupsofcoffee.
D:
doesthepaingetworseaftereatingordrinking、
P;no,notthatI‘venoticed.
D;Ineedtoexamineyou.pleaselaydown,andloosenurclothingforme.
P;ok.
D;showmewhereithurts.
P:
ithurtsjustthere.
D;oktakeanicebigbreth,breatheinandout,nowtryandrelax.
P:
ouch,thathurts.
D;OKthanks,ucangetdressednow.
P:
Iwillneedtodosomeinvestigations:
:
bloodtests,x-rayandultrasound,urinetestsandstooltests
D;hello,yourresultsshowthatumighthavecholecystitis,uneedtobeadmittedtohospitalforobservationandtreatment,andwemayneedtodomoretestsbeforewehaveacorrectdiagnosis.
P;doIreallyneedtobeadmittedintohospital,isn’tthereanythingucangivemeforthepainandtohelptheproblem?
D;sorry,no,itisbestthatuareadmittedforfurthertest,wecancheckthatuhaven’tgotgallstonesorsomethingseriouslywithurliver.
P;allright,
PPTofAbdomialPain
“Allwhohavehadmuchexperienceofthegroupofcasesknowngenerallyastheacuteabdomenwillprobablyagreethatinthatconditionearlydiagnosisisexceptional.”
Typesofabdominalpain
•Colicky(绞痛0pain-causedbydistention(膨胀)ofahollowviscus(空脏器),suchasbowel.
•Somatic(躯干身体)pain-causedbyinflammation(炎症)oftheparietalperitoneum(壁层腹膜);
•Visceral(内脏的)pain-causedbyinflammationofthevisceralperitoneumandcapsuleofsolidorgans.
Quadrant(象限)ViewoftheAbdomen
RightUpper
Cholecystitis(胆囊炎)
•Inflammationofthegallbladder 胆囊,causedbyductobstruction(管道堵塞)withagallstone.
•Painisusuallysteadyforanhourormoreafteronsetandmadeworsebyeating.
•Ifthereissignificantinflammationassociatedwiththecholecystitis,theremaybelocalperitonealpain(somaticpain)腹膜性疼痛.
•Painmaybereferredtothescapular(肩胛的)areaandaccompaniesnausea恶心,vomiting,andfeverwithoutjaundice黄疸.
•Diagnosedwithultrasound(超声).
Cholangitis 胆管炎
•Causedbyobstructionofthebiliarytract(胆道)leadingtobacterialovergrowthinthegallbladder.
•MarkedbyCharcot’sTriad(查科三联征)
–RUQ(右上腹)pain,jaundiceandfever.
•Diagnosedbyultrasound.
•IsanemergencyandmustbetreatedwithIVantibiotics(静脉抗生素).
•Mayrequiredecompression(解压)via(凭借)endoscopic(内窥镜的)orsurgicalmeans.
Hepatitis(肝炎)
•Causedbyinflammation(感染)oftheliverbyviruses(病毒),alcoholorcertaindrugs.
•Markedbytender,enlargedliverwithmalaise(不舒服),feverandjaundice.
•Diagnosedbyhistoryandlaboratoryevaluation-liverfunctiontestsandviralserologies.(病毒血清学的检查)
•Treatmentdependsonetiology(病因,病原)ofdisease.
Pancreatitis(胰腺炎)
•Mostcommonlycausedbyalcoholism(50%)andgallstones(30%)obstructingthecommonbile.(胆汁)duct(管道).
•Constantmid-epigastric(上腹部的)visceral(内脏的)painusuallyoccurringafteraheavymealoralcoholicbinge.
•Painmayradiatetotheback(50%)andisaccompaniedbynausea,vomitingandanorexia (厌食症).
•Diagnosedbyamylase (淀粉酶)andlipase脂肪酶.ImagingbyCTscanmaybedesirableinsomecases.
LeftUpper
PepticUlcer (胃溃疡)
•Causedbyincreasedgastricacidproduction(胃酸容物)ordecreasedmucosal(粘膜的)protection.
•Increasedgastricacidproductionmaybecausedbyalcoholism(酒精中毒)orgastrinproducingtumor(Zollinger-EllisonSyndrome佐林格-埃利森综合征).
•DecreasedmucosalprotectionmaybecausedbyoveruseofNSAID’s(非类固醇抗炎药)orbyinfectionwithHelicobacterpylori幽门螺旋杆菌.
•Painisvisceralandmaybecomesomatic(腹膜性疼痛)ifperforation(穿孔)occurs.Theremayberadiationtotheback.
•DiagnosedbyH.pyloriantigen(抗原)intheserum(血清),endoscopy内镜检查
LeftLower
(卵巢囊肿不考。
。
。
。
。
。
)
RightLower
Appendicitis
•Causedbyobstructionoftheappendiceal(阑尾的)lumen(腔)
•Painstartsasperiumbilical(脐周的)andmigrates(迁移)totheRLQ(McBurney’sPoint)
•Isaccompaniedbynausea,vomitingandanorexia(厌食症).Mayhavefever-especiallyifruptured.
•DiagnosedbyultrasoundorCTscan.
•Treatmentissurgicalandisanemergencyifruptured.
GeneralAbdominalPain
•Somecausesofabdominalpainaregeneralizedandnotrestrictedtoanyspecificquadrant.
Gastritis(胃炎)
•Causedbyinflammationofthegastrointestinaltractbymicroorganisms(微生物),radiation(放射物)andotherirritants(刺激物).
•Describedasdiffuse(扩散)crampy(痉挛)痛abdominalpain.
•Oftenaccompaniedbydiarrhea,nausea,vomiting,dehydration(脱水)andfever.
•Diagnosisisbyhistoryandsoon
BowelObstruction(肠梗阻)
•Causedbyobstructionofthebowellumen(空腔)bymass,volvulus(肠扭转),intussusception(肠套叠)aroundscar(伤疤)adhesions(粘连).
•Painiscolickyinnature,accompaniedbyvomiting
•Maybeaccompaniedbywaterydiarrhea-
•Diagnosedbyabdominalx-rayslookingfordistended(膨胀的)loops环结ofbowelandair-fluidlevels(气液面).
KidneyStones
•Causedbyobstructionoftheupperurinarytract(上泌尿道)byastonethatisinduced(导致)bydehydration(脱水),infection,hyperc
- 配套讲稿:
如PPT文件的首页显示word图标,表示该PPT已包含配套word讲稿。双击word图标可打开word文档。
- 特殊限制:
部分文档作品中含有的国旗、国徽等图片,仅作为作品整体效果示例展示,禁止商用。设计者仅对作品中独创性部分享有著作权。
- 关 键 词:
- 医学 英语 视听