施心远主编《听力教程》3第2版Unit9答案.docx

施心远主编《听力教程》3第2版Unit9答案.docx

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施心远主编《听力教程》3第2版Unit9答案

UNIT9

SectionOne

Part1

SpotDictation

CelebrationsinAustralia,AsiaRingin2010

Oneofthefirstmajorcitiestocelebratethebeginningof2010wasSydney,Australia.MorethanamillionpeoplegatheredalongtheSydneyharbortowatchthecity'sannualfireworksshow,settoboomingrockmusic.

HoursbeforemidnightpeoplearrivedatHarborBridgetostakeoutgoodseatsforthe12-minutedisplay.Thisyear'sshowinvolvedmorethan5,000kilogramsofexplosivedevices.

OthercitiesaroundAsiaandthePacificregioncelebratedwithfireworks,suchasKualaLumpurandHongKong.

InotherplacespeoplemarkedtheNewYearwithoutfireworks.

MillionsinJapanprayedatshrinesforgoodfortunein2010.

InSeoul,SouthKorea,agiantbellwasrung.

InChina'scapital,signsaroundBeijingcautionednottolightfireworkswithintheheartofthecityonNewYear'sEve.

ThisdidnotseemtobotherBeijingresidents,whosaytheLunarNewYearistheirtraditionaltimetocelebratewithfireworks. Thisyearthatholidayisinmid-February.

ManyyoungpeoplewereatbarsandclubsinBeijinguntiltheearlyhoursofthemorning.StillothershadtoworkonNewYear'sEve.Aslate-nightrevelerswaitedinthecoldforascarcecab,twomenunloadedatruckatabakeryonWorker'sStadiumRoad.OneofthemsaidhehopedforgoodhealthforhisparentsintheNewYear.HiscoworkersaidhehopedtospendtheLunarNewYearwithfamilyathishomeinnearbyShandongprovince.

Part2

ListeningforGist

Unlikeairtravel,whichisregulatedinternationally,railtravelisinmanycasescontrollednationally.Thedegreeofsafetyofrailtravelisthereforehighlyvariablefromcountrytocountry,dependingonthedegreeofregulationandthequalityofregulationinthecountryconcerned.InBritainandtheUnitedStatesrailpassengerdeathsworkoutatanaverageoflessthan10railpassengerdeathsperyear.Unfortunately,therailpassengerdeathsperyearstatisticsinthelessdevelopedpartsoftheworldareconsiderablyhigherthantherailpassengerdeathsperyearstatisticsareinthewesternworld.

IntheUKoverthelast25years,therehasbeenanaverageofonetrainaccidentforeverymillionmilesrun.Becauseindividualtrainscarrysuchalargenumberofpassengerscomparedwiththenumberofpassengerscarriedincars,busesandplanes,thisactuallymeansthatthedegreeofriskis,comparatively,onewhichisalmostnon-existent.

Byfarthegreatestcauseofrailwayaccidentsishumanerror,eitherincontrollingorrespondingtosignals.Recentimprovementsinthenumbersofaccidentsareinlargemeasureduetotheintroductionofautomaticandcomputerizedsignalingequipment.Radiocommunicationsystemsbetweendriversandcontrolcentershavealsoprovedinfluentialinreducingaccidents.Withthecontinuingdevelopmentofradiocommunicationsystemsandautomaticsignalingsystemswecanlookforwardtofurtherreductionsinwhatarealreadyimpressivelylowaccidentrates.

Directions:

Listentothepassageandwritedownthegistandthekeywordsthathelpyoudecide.

1.Thispassageisaboutrailtravelsafety.

2.Thekeywordsarehighlyvariable.degreeandqualityofregulation:

BritainandtheUnitedStates.Lessthan10railpassengerdeathsperyear:

lessdevelopedparts.Higher:

UK.Last25years.Onetrainaccidentforeverymillionmilesrun:

cause.Humanerror:

automatic.Computerizedsignaling.Radiocommunicationsystems.Reduceaccidents.

SectionTwo

ListeningComprehension

Part1Dialogue

Adolescence

Interviewer:

So,yousayEric'swhatyou'dconsiderprettystrictbutprettyfair?

So,forexample,whenhetellsyoutodoInterviewer:

something

Jora:

Well,he'sstrictandIgetangrywhenhedoesn'twantmetodostuff.ButafterwardsIcanalmostalwaysseewhyhesaidit,y'know?

Interviewer:

Yeah.

Jora:

Andthere'sonlyacoupleofincidentswhere,well,thatweretotally,y'know,thatIdidn'tunderstandatall.

Interviewer:

Hmm.Notabadrecord.

Eric:

No.Vh,'cosI'msureI'vemadesomemistakes.

Interviewer:

Is...howwouldyoucompareyourmom?

Isshelessstrictthanyourdad?

Mm-hmm.Well,she'slessstrict,butit's,it'slikeIcan'twin,y'know?

Thestuffthatmydad'snotstrictabout,mymom'sstrictabout,and·thestuffthatmymom'snotstrictabout,mydadis.And,well,likemydaddoesn'tletmeseePG-13*orRmovies,butmymomdoes.She,well,sherentsR-rated*movies,andletsmewatchthemandall,butmydadwon'tevenletmeseePG-13.

Eric:

Well,uh,that'snotreallytrue.Itdependsonwhatitis.MyrulewithPG-13iseitherI'vehadtohaveseenitfirstor,youknow,talkedtosomeonewhoItrust...who'sseenit.

Interviewer:

So,yourmom'slooseraboutmovies.Uh,what'sshestricterabout?

Jora:

Chores,junkfood,buyingmespecificthings-

Interviewer:

Whenyousaybuyingyouthings,doyoumean-

Jora:

Likewhenwegotothestore.

Interviewer:

Shedoesn'twanttopayforthem?

Jora:

Shedoesn'twanttopayforthings.Shewantsmetobuymyownfriends'presents,youknow,stufflikethat

Interviewer:

So,doyougetanallowance?

Jora:

Yeah,Ido.

Interviewer:

So,Jora,whatdoyouthinkaboutyourdad?

Doyouthinkhe'saprettygooddad?

Imean,howdoeshecomparewithyourfriends'fathers?

Jora:

Urn,mydadisverystrict,buthe's...he's..,he'sprettygood.He...he'sveryniceandheletsmedojustenoughsoIdon'tgettooangry.

Directions:

Listentothedialogueanddecidewhetherthefollowingstatementsaretrue（T）orfalse（F）.

l.T2.T3.F4.T5.T6.F7.T8.T

Part2Passage

ABriefHistoryofBanking

Whendidthefirstbanksappear?

Thefirstbankerslivedmorethan2,000yearsago.Theyweremoneychangers,situatedusuallyatatableorinasmallshopinthecommercialdistrict,aidingtravelerswhocametothetownbyexchangingforeigncoinsforlocalmoneyordiscountingcommercialnotesforafeeinordertosupplymerchantswithworkingcapital.

Thefirstbankersprobablyusedtheirowncapitaltofundtheiractivities,butitwasn'tlongbeforetheideaofattractingdepositsandsecuringtemporaryloansfromwealthycustomersbecameanimportantsourceofbankfunding.Loanswerethenmadetomerchants,shippers,andlandowners,atratesofinterestaslowas6percentperannumtoashighas48percentamonthfortheriskiestventures!

MostoftheearlybanksofanysizewereGreekinorigin.

ThebankingindustrygraduallyspreadoutwardfromtheclassicalcivilizationsofGreeceandRomeintonorthernandwesternEurope.BankingencounteredreligiousoppositionduringtheMiddleAges,primarilybecauseloansmadetothepooroftencarriedhighinterestrates.However,astheRenaissancebeganinEurope,thebulkofbankloansanddepositsinvolvedrelativelywealthycustomers,whichhelpedtoreducereligiousoppositiontobankingpractices.

Thedevelopmentofnewoverlandtraderoutesandimprovementsinnavigationinthe15th,16th,and17thcenturiesgraduallyshiftedthecenterofworldcommercefromtheMediterraneanregiontowardEuropeandtheBritishIsles,wherebankingbecamealeadingindustry.TheIndustrialRevolutiondemandedawell-developedfinancialsystem.Inparticular,theadoptionofmassproductionmethodsrequiredacorrespondingexpansioninglobaltradetoabsorbindustrialoutput,requiringnewmethodsformakingpaymentsandcreditavailable.Banksthatcoulddeliverontheseneedsgrewrapidly.

TheearlybanksinEuropewereplacesforsafekeepingofvaluableitems（suchasgoldandsilverbullion）aspeoplecametofearlossoftheirassetsduetowar,theft,orexpropriationbygovernment.InEnglandduringthereignsofHenryVIIIandCharlesI,governmenteffortstoseizeprivateholdingsofgoldandsilverresultedinpeopledepositingtheirvaluablesingoldsmiths'shops,who,inturn,wouldissuetokens*orcertificates,indicatingthatthecustomerhadmadeadepositatthesebusinesses.Soon,goldsmithtokensorcertificatesbegantocirculateasmoneybecausetheyweremoreconvenientandlessriskytocarryaround.Thegoldsmithsalsoofferedcertificationofvalueservices-whatwetodaymightcallpropertyappraisals*.Customerswouldbringinvaluablestohaveanexpertcertifythattheseitemswereindeedrealandnotfakes-aservicemanybanksstillprovidetheircustomers.

WhencolonieswereestablishedinNorthandSouthAmerica,OldWorldbankingpracticesweretransferredtotheNewWorld.Asthe19thcenturybegan,stategovernmentsintheUnitedStatesbeganchartering*bankingcompanies.Thedevelopmentoflarge,professionallymanagedbankingfirmswascenteredinafewleadingcommercialcenters,especiallyNewYork.ThefederalgovernmentbecameamajorforceinUSbankingduringCivilWar.

A:

Pre-listeningQuestion

Abankis,actually,abusinessorganization,usuallyalimitedcompany,whichtradesmainlyinmoney,receivingandholdingdepositsandpayingsumsoutofthembyorderofthecustomer,lendingmoneyatinterest,discountingbillsofexchange,movingfromoneplacetoanother,actingascustomer'sagentinbuyingandsellingsecurities,servingastrusteeorexecutor,andperformingvariousextraservicesforcustomers,e.g.arrangingtravelandinsuranceandadvisingontaxandinvestment.

B:

SentenceDictation

Direction:

Listentosomesentencesandwritethemdown.Youwillheareachsentencethreetimes.

1.Situatedusuallyatatableorinasmallshopinthecommercialdistrict,thebankersaidedtravelerswhocametothetownbyexchangingforeigncoinsforlocalmoney.

2.Itwasn'tlongbeforetheideaofattractingdepositsandsecuringtemporaryloansfromwealthycustomersbeca