大学英语四级阅读理解试题及答案四.docx
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大学英语四级阅读理解试题及答案四.docx
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大学英语四级阅读理解试题及答案四
大学英语四级阅读理解试题及答案(四)
十六
Treesshouldonlybeprunedwhenthereisagoodandclearreasonfordoingsoand,fortunately,thenumberofsuchreasonsissmall.Pruninginvolvesthecuttingawayofobergrownandunwantedbranches,andtheinexperiencedgardenercanbeencouragedbythethoughtthatmoredamageresultsfromdoingitunnecessarilythanfromleavingthetreetogrowinitsownway.
First,pruningmaybedonetomakesurethattreeshaveadesiredshapeorsize.Theobjectmaybetogetatreeoftherightheight,andatthesametimetohelpthegrowthofsmallsidebrancheswhichwillthickenitsappearanceorgiveitaspecialshape.Secondly,pruningmaybedonetomakethetreehealthier.Youmaycutdiseaedordeadwood,orbranchesthatarerubbingagainsteachotherandthuscausewounds.Thehealthofatreemaybeencouragedbyremovingbranchesthatareblockingupthecentreandsopreventingthefreemovementofair.
Oneresultofpruningisthatanopenwoundisleftonthetreeandthisprovidesaneasyentryfordisease,butitisawoundthatwillheal.Oftenthereisaracebetweenthehealingandthedeseaseastowhetherthetreewillliveordie,sothatthereisaperiodwhenthetreeisatrisk.Itshouldbetheaimofeverygardenertoreducewhichhasbeenprunedsmoothandclean,forhealingwillbesloweddownbyroughness.Youshouldallowthecutsurfacetodryforafewhursandthenpaintitwithoneofthesubstancesavailablefromgardenshopsproducedespeciallyforthispurpose.Pruningisusuallywithoutinterferencefromtheleavesandalsoitisveryunlikelythatthecutsyumakewillbleed.Ifthisdoeshappen,itis,ofcourse,impossibletopaintthemproperly.
1.Pruningshouldbedoneto______.
a.makethetreegrowtaller
b.improvetheshapeofthetree
c.getridofthesmallbranches
d.makethesmallbranchesthicker
2.Treesbeeunhealthyifthegardener______.
a.allowstoomanybranchestogrowinthemiddle
b.doesnotprotectthemfromwind
c.forcesthemtogrowtooquickly
d.damagessomeofthesmallsidebranches
3.Whyisaspecialsubstancepaintedonthetree?
a.Tomakeawoundsmooth
b.Topreventdiseaseenteringawound
c.Tocoveraroughsurface
d.Tohelpawoundtodry
4.Agoodgardenerprunesatree______.
a.atintervalsthroughouttheyear
b.asquicklyaspossible
c.occasionallywhennecessary
d.regulareverywinter
5.Whatwastheauthor'spurposewhenwritingthispassage?
a.Togivepraticalinstructionforpruningatree.
b.Togiveageneraldescriptionofpruning
c.Toexplainhowtreesdevelopdiseases
d.Todiscussdifferentmethodsofpruning.
答案:
babca
十七
OnThursdayafternoonMrs.Carke,dressedforgoingout,tookherhandbagwithhermoneyandherkeyinit,pulledthedoorbehindhertolockitandwenttotheover60sClub.ShealwayswentthereonThursdays.Itwasaniceoutingforanoldwomanwholivedalone.
Atsixo'clockshecanehome,letherselfinandatoncesmeltcigarettesmoke.Cigarettesmokeinherhouse?
How?
How?
Hadsomeonegotin?
Shecheckedthebackdoorandthewindows.Allwerelockedorfastened,asusual.Therewasnosignofforcedentry.
Overacupofteashewonderedwhethersomeonemighthaveakeythatfittedherfrontdoor-"amasterkey"perhaps.SoshestayedathomethefollowingThursday.Nothinghappened.Wasanyonewatchinghermovements?
OntheThursdayafterthatshewentoutatherusualtime,dressedasusual,butshedidn'tgototheclub.Insteadshetookashortcuthomeagain,lettingherselfinthroughhergardenandthebackdoor.Shesettleddowntowait.
Itwasjustafterfouro'clockwhenthefrontdoorbellrang.Mrs.Clarkewasmakingacupofteaatthetime.Thebellrangagain,andthensheheardherletter-boxbeingpushedopen.Withthekettleofboilingwaterinherhand,shemovedquietlytowardsthefrontdoor.Alongpieceofwireappearedthroughtheletter-box,andthenahand.Thewireturnedandcaughtaroundtheknobonthedoor-lock.Mrs.Clarkeraisedthekettleandpouredthewateroverthehand.Therewasashoutoutside,andtheskinseemedtodropoffthefingerslikeaglove.Thewirefelltothefloor,thehandwaspulledback,andMrs.Clarkeheardthesoundofrunningfeet.
1.Mrs.ClarkeloodedforwardtoThursdaybecause_______.
a.sheworkedataclubontheday
b.shesaidvisitorsonThursdays
c.shevisitedaclubonThursday
d.aspecialvisitorcameonThursday
2.Ifsomeonehadmadeaforcedentery,_______.
a.Mrs.Clarkewouldhavefoundabrokendoororwindow
b.heorshewasstillinthehouse
c.thingswouldhavebeenthownabout
d.heorshewouldhaveneededamasterkey
3.OnthethirdThursdayMrs.Clarkewentout_______.
a.becauseshedidn'twanttomisstheclubagain
b.toseeifthethiefwashngingaboutoutside
c.totheclubbutthenchangedhermind
d.inanattempttotrickthethief
4.Thelockonthefrontdoorwasonewhich_______.
a.neededapieceofwiretoopenit
b.couldheopenedfrominsidewithoutakey
c.could'tbeopenedwithoutakey
d.usedaknobinsteadofakey
5.Thewirefeeltothefloor_______.
a.becauseMrs.Clarkerefusedtoopenthedoor
b.whentheman'sglovedroppedoff
c.becauseitwastoohottohold
d.becausethemanjustwantedtogetaway
答案:
cadbd
十八
Manypeoplebelievetheglarefromsnowcausessnowblindnenss.Yet,darkglassesornot,theyfindthemselvessufferingfromheadachesandwateringeyes,andevensnowblindness,whenexposedtoseveralhoursof"snowlight".
TheUnitedStatesArmyhasnowdeterminedthatglarefromsnowdoesnotcausesnowblindnessintroopsinasnow-coveredcountry.Rather,aman'seyesfrequentlyfindnothingtofoucsoninabroadexpanseofbarrensnow-coveredterrain.Sohisgazecontinuallyshiftsandjumpsbackandforthovertheentirelandscapeinsearchoftsomethingtolookat.Findingnothing,hourafterhour,theeyesneversotpsearchingandtheeyeballsbeesoreandtheeyemusclesache.Natureoffsetsthisirritationbyproducingmoreandfluidwhichcoverstheeyeball.Thefluidcoverstheeyeballinincreasingquantityuntilvisionblurs,thenisobsured,andtheresultistotal,eventhoughtemporary,snowblindness.
ExperimentsledtheArmytoasimplemethodofoveringthisproblem.Scoutsaheadofamainbodyoftroopsaretrainedtoshakesnowfromevergreenbushes,creatingadottedlineastheycrosspletelysnow-coveredlandscape,Eventhescoutsthemselvesthrowlightweight,darkcoloredobjectsaheadonwhichtheytoocanfocus.Themenfollowingcanthenseesomething.Theirgazeisarrested.Theireyesfocusonabushandhavingfoundsomethingtosee,stopscouringthesnow-blanketedlanscape.Byfocusingtheirattentionononeobjectatatime,themencancrossthesnowwithoutbeinghopelesslysnowblindorlost.Inthiswaytheproblemofcrossingasolidwhiteterrainisovere.
1.Topreventheadaches,wateringeyesandblindnesscausedbytheglarefromsnow,darkglassesare_____.
a.indispensible
b.useful
c.ineffective
d.available
2.Whentheeyesaresoretearsareproducedto________.
a.clearthevision
b.remedysnowblindness
c.easetheirritation
d.loosenthemuscles
3.Snowblindnessmaybeavoidedby_______.
a.concentratingtothesolidwhiteterrain
b.searchingforsomethingtolookatinsnow-coveredterrain
c.providingtheeyeswithsomethingtofoucson
d.coveringtheeyeballswithfluid
4.Thescoutsshakesnowfromevergreenbushesinorderto_______.
a.bivethemenbehindsomethingtosee
b.beautifythelandscape
c.warmthemselvesinthecold
d.preventthemenbehindfromlosingtheirway
5.Asuitabletitleforthispassagewouldbe_______.
a.snowblindnessandhowtoovereit
b.natrue'scureforsnowblindness
c.soldiersinthesnow
d.snowvision
答案:
CCCAA
十九
Waterproblemsinthefuturewillbeenoreintenseandmoreplex.Ourincreasingpopulationwilltremendouslyincreaseurbanwastes,primarilysewage.Ontheotherhand,increasingdemandsforwaterwilldeceasesubstantialytheamountofwateravailablefordilutingwastes.Rapidlyexpandingindustrieswhichinvolvemoreandmoreplexchemicalprocesseswillproducelargevolumesofliquidwastes,andmanyofthesewillcontainchemicalswhicharenoxious.Tofeedourrapidlyexpandingpopulation,agriculturewillhavetobeintensified.Thiswillinvolveever-increasingquantitiesofagriculturalchemicals,Fromthis,itisapparentthatdrasticstepsmustbetakenimmediatelytodevelopcorrectivemeasuresforthepollutionproblem.
Therearetwowaysbywhichthispollutionproblemcanbedwindled.Thefirstrelatestothetreatmentofwastestodecreasetheirpollutionhazard.Thisinvolvestheprocessingofsolidwastes"priorto"disposalandthetreatmentofliquidwastes,orefflunets,topermitthereuseofthewaterorminimizepollutionuponfinaldisposal.
Asecondapproachistodevelopaneconomicuseforallorapartofthewastes.Farmmanureisspreadinfieldsasanutrientororganicsupplement.Effluentsfromsewagedisposalplantsareusedinsomeareasbothforirrigationandforthenutrientscontained.Efflunetsfromotherprocessingplantsmayalsobeusedasasupplementalsourceofwater.Manyindustries,suchasmeatandpoultryprocessingplants,arecurrentlyconvertingformerwasteproductsintomarketablebyproducts.Otherindustriesarepotentialeonomicusesforwasteproducts.
1.Thepurposeofthispassageis______.
a.toalertthereadertothedwindlingwatersupply
b.toexplainindustrialusesofwater
c.toacquaintthereaderwithwaterpollutionproblems
d.tod
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