维斯比规则中英对照版.docx
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维斯比规则中英对照版.docx
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维斯比规则中英对照版
维斯比规则英文版
Hague-VisbyRules
ArticleI
Definitions
IntheseRulesthefollowingexpressionshavethemeaningsherebyassignedtothemrespectively,thatistosay,
(a)"carrier"includestheownerorthechartererwhoentersintoacontractofcarriagewithashipper;
(b)"contractofcarriage"appliesonlytocontractsofcarriagecoveredbyabillofladingoranysimilardocumentoftitle,insofarassuchdocumentrelatestothecarriageofgoodsbywater,includinganybillofladingoranysimilardocumentasaforesaidissuedunderorpursuanttoacharter-partyfromthemomentatwhichsuchbillofladingorsimilardocumentoftitleregulatestherelationsbetweenacarrierandaholderofthesame;
(c)"goods"includesgoods,wares,merchandiseandarticlesofeverykindwhatsoever,exceptliveanimalsandcargowhichbythecontractofcarriageisstatedasbeingcarriedondeckandissocarried;
(d)"ship"meansanyvesselusedforthecarriageofgoodsbywater;
(e)"carriageofgoods"coverstheperiodfromthetimewhenthegoodsareloadedontothetimetheyaredischargedfromtheship.
ArticleII
Risks
SubjecttotheprovisionsofArticleVI,undereverycontractofcarriageofgoodsbywaterthecarrier,inrelationtotheloading,handling,stowage,carriage,custody,careanddischargeofsuchgoods,shallbesubjecttotheresponsibilitiesandliabilitiesandentitledtotherightsandimmunitieshereinaftersetforth.
ArticleIII
ResponsibilitiesandLiabilities
1.Thecarriershallbebound,beforeandatthebeginningofthevoyage,toexerciseduediligenceto
(a)maketheshipseaworthy;
(b)properlyman,equipandsupplytheship;
(c)maketheholds,refrigeratingandcoolchambers,andallotherpartsoftheshipinwhichgoodsarecarried,fitandsafefortheirreception,carriageandpreservation.
2.SubjecttotheprovisionsofArticleIV,thecarriershallproperlyandcarefullyload,handle,stow,carry,keep,careforanddischargethegoodscarried.
3.Afterreceivingthegoodsintohischarge,thecarrier,orthemasteroragentofthecarrier,shall,ondemandoftheshipper,issuetotheshipperabillofladingshowingamongotherthings
(a)theleadingmarksnecessaryforidentificationofthegoodsasthesamearefurnishedinwritingbytheshipperbeforetheloadingofsuchgoodsstarts,providedsuchmarksarestampedorotherwiseshownclearlyuponthegoodsifuncovered,oronthecasesorcoveringsinwhichsuchgoodsarecontained,insuchamannerasshouldordinarilyremainlegibleuntiltheendofthevoyage;
(b)eitherthenumberofpackagesorpieces,orthequantity,orweight,asthecasemaybe,asfurnishedinwritingbytheshipper;
(c)theapparentorderandconditionofthegoods:
Providedthatnocarrier,masteroragentofthecarriershallbeboundtostateorshowinthebillofladinganymarks,number,quantity,orweightwhichhehasreasonablegroundforsuspectingnotaccuratelytorepresentthegoodsactuallyreceivedorwhichhehashadnoreasonablemeansofchecking.
4.Suchabillofladingshallbeprimafacieevidenceofthereceiptbythecarrierofthegoodsasthereindescribedinaccordancewithparagraphs3(a),(b)and(c).
However,prooftothecontraryshallnotbeadmissiblewhenthebillofladinghasbeentransferredtoathirdpartyactingingoodfaith.
5.Theshippershallbedeemedtohaveguaranteedtothecarriertheaccuracyatthetimeofshipmentofthemarks,number,quantityandweight,asfurnishedbyhim,andtheshippershallindemnifythecarrieragainstallloss,damagesandexpensesarisingorresultingfrominaccuraciesinsuchparticulars.Therightofthecarriertosuchindemnityshallinnowaylimithisresponsibilityandliabilityunderthecontractofcarriagetoanypersonotherthantheshipper.
6.Unlessnoticeoflossordamageandthegeneralnatureofsuchlossordamagebegiveninwritingtothecarrierorhisagentattheportofdischargebeforeoratthetimeoftheremovalofthegoodsintothecustodyofthepersonentitledtodeliverythereofunderthecontractofcarriage,or,ifthelossordamagebenotapparent,withinthreedays,suchremovalshallbeprimafacieevidenceofthedeliverybythecarrierofthegoodsasdescribedinthebilloflading.
Thenoticeinwritingneednotbegivenifthestateofthegoodshasatthetimeoftheirreceiptbeenthesubjectofjointsurveyorinspection.
Subjecttoparagraph6bisthecarrierandtheshipshallinanyeventbedischargedfromallliabilitywhatsoeverinrespectofthegoods,unlesssuitisbroughtwithinoneyearoftheirdeliveryorofthedatewhentheyshouldhavebeendelivered.Thisperiodmay,however,beextendedifthepartiessoagreeafterthecauseofactionhasarisen.
Inthecaseofanyactualorapprehendedlossordamagethecarrierandthereceivershallgiveallreasonablefacilitiestoeachotherforinspectingandtallyingthegoods.
6.bisAnactionforindemnityagainstathirdpersonmaybebroughtevenaftertheexpirationoftheyearprovidedforintheprecedingparagraphifbroughtwithinthetimeallowedbythelawoftheCourtseizedofthecase.However,thetimeallowedshallbenotlessthanthreemonths,commencingfromthedaywhenthepersonbringingsuchactionforindemnityhassettledtheclaimorhasbeenservedwithprocessintheactionagainsthimself.
7.Afterthegoodsareloadedthebillofladingtobeissuedbythecarrier,masteroragentofthecarrier,totheshippershall,iftheshippersodemands,bea"shipped"billoflading,providedthatiftheshippershallhavepreviouslytakenupanydocumentoftitletosuchgoods,heshallsurrenderthesameasagainsttheissueofthe"shipped"billoflading,butattheoptionofthecarriersuchdocumentoftitlemaybenotedattheportofshipmentbythecarrier,master,oragentwiththenameornamesoftheshiporshipsuponwhichthegoodshavebeenshippedandthedateordatesofshipment,andwhensonotedthesameshallforthepurposeofthisArticlebedeemedtoconstitutea"shipped"billoflading.
8.Anyclause,covenantoragreementinacontractofcarriagerelievingthecarrierortheshipfromliabilityforlossordamagetoorinconnectionwithgoodsarisingfromnegligence,faultorfailureinthedutiesandobligationsprovidedinthisArticleorlesseningsuchliabilityotherwisethanasprovidedintheseRules,shallbenullandvoidandofnoeffect.
Abenefitofinsuranceorsimilarclauseshallbedeemedtobeaclauserelievingthecarrierfromliability.
ArticleIV
RightsandImmunities
1.Neitherthecarriernortheshipshallbeliableforlossordamagearisingorresultingfromunseaworthinessunlesscausedbywantofduediligenceonthepartofthecarriertomaketheshipseaworthy,andtosecurethattheshipisproperlymanned,equippedandsupplied,andtomaketheholds,refrigeratingandcoolchambersandallotherpartsoftheshipinwhichgoodsarecarriedfitandsafefortheirreception,carriageandpreservationinaccordancewiththeprovisionsofparagraph1ofArticleIII.
Wheneverlossordamagehasresultedfromunseaworthiness,theburdenofprovingtheexerciseofduediligenceshallbeonthecarrierorotherpersonclaimingexemptionunderthisarticle.
2.Neitherthecarriernortheshipshallberesponsibleforlossordamagearisingorresultingfrom
(a)act,neglect,ordefaultofthemaster,mariner,pilotortheservantsofthecarrierinthenavigationorinthemanagementoftheship;
(b)fire,unlesscausedbytheactualfaultorprivityofthecarrier;
(c)perils,dangersandaccidentsoftheseaorothernavigablewaters;
(d)actofGod;
(e)actofwar;
(f)actofpublicenemies;
(g)arrestorrestraintofprinces,rulersorpeople,orseizureunderlegalprocess;
(h)quarantinerestrictions;
(i)actoromissionoftheshipperorownerofthegoods,hisagentorrepresentative;
(j)strikesorlock-outsorstoppageorrestraintoflabourfromwhatevercause,whetherpartialorgeneral;
(k)riotsandcivilcommotions;
(l)savingorattemptingtosavelifeorpropertyatsea;
(m)wastageinbulkorweightoranyotherlossordamagearisingfrominherentdefect,qualityorviceofthegoods;
(n)insufficiencyofpacking;
(o)insufficiencyorinadequacyofmarks;
(p)latentdefectsnotdiscoverablebyduediligence;
(q)anyothercausearisingwithouttheactualfaultandprivityofthecarrier,orwithoutthefaultorneglectoftheagentsorservantsofthecarrier,buttheburdenofproofshallbeonthepersonclaimingthebenefitofthisexceptiontoshowthatneithertheactualfaultorprivityofthecarriernorthefaultorneglectoftheagentsorservantsofthecarriercontributedtothelossordamage.
3.Theshippershallnotberesponsibleforlossordamagesustainedbythecarrierortheshiparisingorresultingfromanycausewithouttheact,faultorneglectoftheshipper,hisagentsorhisservants.
4.AnydeviationinsavingorattemptingtosavelifeorpropertyatseaoranyreasonabledeviationshallnotbedeemedtobeaninfringementorbreachoftheseRulesorofthecontractofcarriage,andthecarriershallnotbeliableforanylossordamageresultingtherefrom.
5.(a)Unlessthenatureandvalueofsuchgoodshavebeendeclaredbytheshipperbeforeshipmentandinsertedinthebilloflading,neitherthecarriernortheshipshallinanyeventbeorbecomeliableforanylossordamagetoorinconnectionwiththegoodsinanamountexceeding666.67unitsofaccountperpackageorunitor2unitsofaccountperkilogrammeofgrossweightofthegoodslostordamaged,whicheveristhehigher.
(b)Thetotalamountrecoverableshallbecalculatedbyreference
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