catti三级笔译历年试题整理.docx

catti三级笔译历年试题整理.docx

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catti三级笔译历年试题整理

CE

作为中国浙江省省会城市，杭州是中国著名历史文化名城。

距今约

5300多年的良渚文化遗址（位于杭州余杭区）是中华文明发祥地之一。

杭州以美丽的山水著称于世。

中国古代谚语“上有天堂，下有苏杭”

表达出古往今来人们对于这座美丽城市的由衷喜爱。

位于杭州西南的西湖，

以其秀丽的湖光山色和众多名胜古迹而成为闻名中外的旅游胜城，2011年

被正式列入《世界遗产名录》。

此外，气势浩荡的钱江大潮，每年吸引无数游客。

杭州拥有丰富的历史文化遗迹。

南起杭州，北到北京的京杭大运河始

建于1631年，全长约1797公里，是世界上最长、最古老的人工水道。

2014年6月22日，京杭大运河正式入选《世界遗产名录》。

在世界上，杭州也颇具有知名度。

13世纪，意大利著名旅行家马可•波

罗在游记中赞叹杭州为“世界上最美丽之城”。

2011年，杭州曾被美国《纽

约时报》评为全球41个旅游城市之一，被联合国评为“国际花园城市”。

杭州还曾在中美建交过程中扮演重要角色，2015年1月，中国提出发

展“旅游外交”。

杭州作为著名旅游城市，又率先实践“旅游外交”。

2019.06CATTI英语三级笔译实务试题

EC

BothWHO'sconstitutionandthedeclarationassertthathealthisahumanright,notaprivilegeforthosewhocanaffordit.Over

time,thatrighthasmadeitswayintobothnationaland

internationallaw.Butimportantly,therighttohealthisnotsimplyanobleideaonapieceofpaper.Inthepast70years,ithasbeenaplatformformajorimprovementsinglobalhealth.Sinee1948,lifeexpectancyhasincreasedby25years.Maternalandchildhoodmortalityhaveplummeted.Smallpoxhasbeeneradicatedandpolioisonthebrink.WehaveturnedthetideontheHIV/AIDSepidemic.

Deathsfrommalariahavedroppeddramatically.Newvaccineshavemadeonce-feareddiseaseseasilypreventable.Andtherearemanyothercausesforcelebration.Butevenaswecontinuetostrugglewitholdthreats,newoneshavearisen.Climatechangewillhaveprofoundeffectsonhealth.Antimicrobialresistaneehasthepotentialtoundothegainsofmodernmedicine.

Vaccinehesitancyisputtingmillionsofyounglivesatrisk.

Noncommunicablediseases,includingheartdisease,stroke,cancerdiabetes,hypertension,lungdiseasesandmentalillnesseshavebecomethemajorkillersofourtime.Andofcourse,wecontinuetofacetheever-presentthreatofoutbreaksandotherhealthemergencies.Inthepast12months,WHOhasrespondedto47emergenciesin50countries.Asyouknow,wearecurrentlyrespondingtoanoutbreakofEbolaintheDemocraticRepublicoftheCongo.

Asoftoday,therehavebeen373casesand216deathssincetheoutbreakstartedinAugust.Sofar,wehavemanagedtopreventEbolafromspreadingacrosstheborder,partlybecausewehavemuchbettertoolswithwhichtofightEbolathanatanytimeinhistory.Morethan32,000peoplehavebeenvaccinated,whichisoneofthereasonstheoutbreakhasnotspreadfurtherthanithas.

Sofar,150peoplehavebeentreatedwithoneoffourdrugs.14milliontravelershavebeenscreened,therehavebeenmorethan190safeanddignifiedburials,wehavedonedoor-to-dooradvocacyinalmost4000householdsandwehavetrainedmorethan500communityleaders.Butthisoutbreakhasbeenmuchmoredifficulttoncontrol,largelybecauseofthesecuritysituationineasternDRC.ArmedgroupsoperatingintheareaconductregularattacksonthecityofBeni,theepicentreoftheoutbreak.Andeverytimethereisanattack,thevirusgetsanadvantage.Vaccinationandcontacttracingaredisrupted.

ThebestIong-terminvestmentinprotectingandpromotingtherighttohealthistoinvestinstrongerhealthsystems.BecausethereissimplynootherwaytoachieveuniversalhealthcoverageandtheSustainableDevelopmentGoalsthanprimaryhealthcare,witha

focusonhealthpromotionanddiseaseprevention.That'swhyWHO

and10otherinternationalhealthagencieshaveagreedtoworktogetheronaGlobalActionPlanforHealthyLivesandWell-Being.

Theplanhasthreestrategicapproaches:

integration,accelerationandaccountability.First,wehavecommittedtoalignmanyofourprocessestoincreaseourcollectiveefficiency.Second,wehavecommittedtoaccelerateprogressbyidentifyingareasofworkinwhichwecantrulybendthecurveandmakemorerapidprogresstowardsthehealth-relatedSDGs—likeresearchand

development,dataandsustainablefinancing.Andthird,wehavecommittedtokeepeachotheraccountable,bothtothepeopleweserve,andtothedonorsandpartnerswhoexpectresultsfromtheresourcestheygiveus.

CE

互联网在中国改革开放过程中起到的巨大作用怎么说都不为过。

从

2000年开始，中国互联网应用的普及，现在已经快20年了。

尤其是在最

后15年里，互联网为中国的高速发展起到了决定性的作用。

经济要发展，有两点是至关重要的：

第一是提高生产效率，提高生产质量，搞更有创意的设计；第二是确保渠道的畅通，让工厂生产的东西以最快的速度、最低的成本到消费者的手里。

互联网在两个环节都为中国的产业发展起到了推动的作用。

互联网的发展极大地缩小了我们与先进国家在设计理念和设计人才的差距。

通过互联网，我们以更快的速度获取全球最先进的设计技术和理念。

在渠道的领域，它的效果更加明显，比如说电商。

老百姓通过互联网更容易表达自己的意愿，更容易对我们现有的一些产品提出批评性的意见,而这些也都更好地推动企业的生产，推动政府职能转变。

互联网在获取信息、信息沟通上，把农村人和城市人放在了平等的地位上。

通过互联网，每一个人都能够实时地看到国家的进步和城市的高速发展。

反过来，这极大激发了人们谋求发展的愿望，而这些愿望又转化成巨大的动力，更好地促进发展。

EC

Improvedhumanwell-beingisthegreatesttriumphofmodernera.Theageofplentyhasalsoledtoanunexpectedglobalhealthcrisis:

twobillionpeopleareeitheroverweightorobese.Developedcountrieshavebeenespeciallysusceptibletounhealthyweightgain.However,developingcountriesarenowfacingasimilarcrisis.Obesityrateshavepeakedinhighincomecountriesbutareacceleratingelsewhere.ThecombinedfindingsoftheWorldHealthOrganisationandtheWorldBankshowedthatin2016Asiawashometohalftheworld'soverweightchildren.OnequarterwereinAfrica.

Thiscrisiswilltestthepoliticalresolveofgovernmentsthathavefocusedonendinghunger.Thesegovernmentsmustunderstandthatthefactorsmakingcitiesconvenientandproductivealsomaketheirresidentspronetoobesity.Urbanitesenjoyavarietyofculinaryoptions.Internationalfastfoodchainsareflourishingindevelopingcountries.Thehealthrisksofsuchdietsarecompoundedbythesedentarylifestylesofurbandwellers.People'sleisuretimeisalso

beingoccupiedbytelevision,moviesandvideogamesinthegrowingnumberofhouseholds.

Thealarmingimplicationofthesetrendsisthatdevelopingcountriesmaybecomesickbeforetheygetrich.Thatsicknessmay,inturn,cripplehealthsystems.TheyearlyhealthcarecostsinSoutheastAsiaofobesity-relatedcomplicationslikediabetesandcardiovasculardiseasearealreadyashighasUS$10billion.Suchdiseasesareanaddedburdenoncountriesalreadystrugglingtomanageprimaryhealthcareneeds.

Policiesrelatedtotaxation,urbandesign,educationandthepromotionoffoodsystemsmayhelpcontrolobesityatalowercostthaneventualmedicaltreatmentforanincreasinglyoverweightpopulation.Somegovernmentshavealreadyexperimentedwithdirectinterventionstocontrolobesity,suchastaxationonunhealthyfoodsanddrinks.Thailand,Brunei,andSingaporehaveadoptedsodatax.SouthAfricaislikelytointroduceasugartaxbeginninginApril2018.ThecityofBerkeleyinCaliforniarecognisesthattaxesalonearenotenoughtoaddressobesity.Proceedsfromthecity'ssugartaxareusedtosupportchildnutritionandcommunityhealthprogrammes.Thisunderscorestheimportaneeofeducation.

Thereisalsopromiseinmanyinitiatives.Urbandesignholdssignificantpowertoreshapelifestylepatternsandpublichealth.Improvingtheattractivenessofpublicspacecandrawresidentsoutoftheircarsandlivingrooms.Arecentstudyofurban

neighbourhoodsinShanghaiandHangzhoufoundthatresidents

livinginwalkableneighbourhoodsarehealthierthanresidentslivinginlesswalkableneighourhoodsinurbanChina.Finally,healthierlifestylesbeginingrocerystoreaisles.

Governmentsshouldencouragetighterconnectionsbetweenagriculturalproductionsystems,urbangrocersandfoodvendors.

Suchinitiativescanalsohelpurbanresidentsbetterunderstandthemechanicsoffoodsourcing.Thisraisesawarenessabouttherelationshipbetweennaturalfoodsandhealthylifestyles.

Combiningcontrolsonunhealthyfoodswithpoliciesthatincentivise

healthyeatingandactivelifestylesisimportantfordeveloping

countriesfrombothaneconomicandsocialpointofview.ToquotetherecentGlobalNutritionReport,“Reducingobesitywillboost

globaldevelopment.”

CE

煤炭是地球上储量最丰富的能源，但目前反对使用煤炭的声浪日益高涨。

煤炭巨大的碳排放量引起气候变化，从而引起公众的担忧，煤炭与其他能源相比竞争力下降。

以美国为例，页岩油气的出现造成部分煤炭因价格过高而被排挤出市

场。

美国去年煤炭需求接近9.2亿吨，由于天然气价格下跌，今年煤炭需求将减少6000万吨到8000万吨。

数据显示，煤炭满足了全球约30%的能源需求，供应了40%的电力。

在人口第一和第二大国的中国和印度，煤炭所满足的能源需求比例高达70%

左右。

中国的煤炭消费量在去年已经下降，煤炭进口下滑了11%，这是10

年来的首次下降。

中国的经济增速已经放缓，同时也做出极大努力减少煤炭的使用以减少污染。

由于燃煤发电厂没有满负荷运行，再加上煤炭供应充足，造成国际煤炭价格压低。

煤出口价格从去年的峰值下跌了约60%。

2018.11英语三级笔译实务试题

EC

PlasticandtracesofhazardouschemicalshavebeenfoundinAntarctica,oneoftheworld'slastgreatwildernesses,accordingto

anewstudy.Researchersspentthreemonthstakingwaterandsnowsamplesfromremoteareasofthecontinentearlierthisyear.These

havenow

beenanalysed

andresearchers

haveconfirmed

the

majority

contained“

persistenthazardous

chemicals”

or

microplastics.

Thefindings

comeamidgrowing

concernabout

the

extentoftheplasticpollutioncrisiswhichscientistshavewarned

risks“permanentcontamination”oftheplanet.Earlierthisweek,

theUNwarneditisoneoftheworld'sbiggestenvironmental

threatsandsaidalthough60countriesweretakingurgentaction

moreneededtobedone.Thenewreportbyresearchersat

sbiggest

GreenpeaceispartofglobalcampaigntocreatetheworldoceansanctuaryintheseasaroundAntarcticatoprotectthefragile

ecosystemfromindustrialfishingandclimatechange.Frida

Bengtsson（弗里达?

本特森）,ofGreenpeace'sProtecttheAntarctic

campaign,saidthefindingsprovedthateventhemostremoteareas

Antarctic

oceansanctuary

togive

spaceforpenguins,

whalesand

refacing,

theentireecosystemtorecoverfromthepressuresthey

shesaid.Sevenoftheeightsea-surfacewatersamplestestedcontainedmicroplasticssuchasmicrofibres.Sevenofthenine