高考英语阅读理解专项练习.docx
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高考英语阅读理解专项练习.docx
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高考英语阅读理解专项练习
第一套
A
Somepeoplebelievethatinternationalsportcreatesgoodwillbetweenthenationsandthatifcountriesplaygamestogethertheywilllearntolivetogether.Otherssaythattheoppositeistrue:
thatinternationalcontestsencouragefalsenationalprideandleadtomisunderstandingandhatred.Thereisprobablysometruthinbotharguments,butinrecentyearstheOlympicGameshavedonelittletosupporttheviewthatsportsencourageinternationalbrotherhood.Notonlywastherethetragicincidentinvolvingthemurderofathletes,buttheGameswerealsoruinedbylesserincidentscausedprincipallybyminornationalcontests.
Onecountryreceiveditssecond—placemedalswithvisibleindignationafterthehockeyfinal.Therehadbeennoisyscenesattheendofthehockeymatchas,thelosersobjectingtothefinaldecisions.Theywereconvincedthatoneoftheirgoalsshouldnothavebeendisallowedandthattheiropponents’victorywasunfair.Theirmanagerwasinaragewhenhesaid:
“Thiswasn’thockey.HockeyandtheInternationalHockeyFederationarefinished.”ThepresidentoftheFederationsaidlaterthatsuchbehaviorcouldresultinthesuspensionoftheteamforatleastthreeyears.
TheAmericanbasketballteamannouncedthattheywouldnotyieldfirstplacetoRussia,afteradisputableendtotheircontest.Thegamehadendedindisturbace.ItwasthoughtatfirstthattheUnitedStateshadwon,byasinglepoint,butitwasannouncedthattherewerethreesecondsstilltoplay.ARussianplayerthenthrewtheballfromoneendofthecourttotheother,andanotherplayerpoppeditintothebasket.ItwasthefirsttimetheU.S.A.hadeverlostanOlympicbasketballmatch.Anappealjurydebatedthematterforfourandahalfhoursbeforeannouncingthattheresultwouldstand.TheAmericanplayersthenvotednottoreceivethesilvermedals.Incidentsofthiskindwillcontinueaslongassportisplayedcompetitivelyratherthanfortheloveofthegame.Thesuggestionthatathletesshouldcompeteasindividuals,orinnonnationalterms,mightbetoomuchtohopefor.ButinthepresentorganizationoftheOlympicsthereisfartoomuchthatencouragesaggressivepatriotism.
1.Accordingtotheauthor,recentOlympicGameshave____.
A.createdgoodwillbetweenthenations
B.bredonlyfalsenationalpride
C.hardlyshowedanyinternationalfriendship
D.ledtomoreandmoremisunderstandingandhatred
2.Whatdidthemanagermeanbysaying,“...HockeyandtheInternationalHockeyFederationarefinished”?
A.Histeamwouldnolongertakepartininternationalgames.
B.HockeyandtheFederationare60thruinedbytheunfairdecisions.
C.ThereshouldbenomorehockeymatchesorganizedbytheFederation.
D.TheFederationshouldbedissolved.
3.Thebasketballexampleimpliedthat____.
A.toomuchpatriotismwasdisplayedintheincident
B.theannouncementtoprolongthematchwaswrong
C.theappealjurywastoohesitantinmakingthedecision
D.TheAmericanteamwasrightinreceivingthesilvermedals
4.Theauthorgivesthetwoexamplesinparagraph2and3toshow____.
A.howfalsenationalprideledtoundesirableincidentsininternationalgames
B.thatsportsmenhavebeenmoreobedientthantheyusedtobe
C.thatcompetitivenessinthegamesdiscouragesinternationalfriendship
D.thatunfairdecisionsarecommoninOlympicGames
5.Whatconclusioncanbedrawnfromthepassage?
A.TheorganizationoftheOlympicGamesmustbeimproved.
B.AthletesshouldcompeteasindividualsintheOlympicGames.
C.Sportshouldbeplayedcompetitivelyratherthanfortheloveofthegame.
D.Internationalcontestsareliableformisunderstandingbetweennations.
B
TherearetwomajorpartiesinBritaintoday,theConservativePartyandtheLabourParty,whichhavebeeninpowerbyturnssince1945.Thetwo—partysystemofBritainwasformedinthecourseofthedevelopmentofthecapitaliststateandthepoliticalparties.Inordertostrengthenthestatemachine,theBritishbourgeosiehaveletitcomeintobeingandexistinoneformoranotherformsincethe17thcentury.P.S.Tregidgooncesaid:
“Themorepartiesthereare,thelesslikelyitisthatanyoneofthemwillbestrongenoughinParliamenttooutvotealltheothers;butwhenthereareonlytwo,oneofthemissuretohaveamajorityofseats.Thishelpstoensureastrongandstablegovernment.”ThismaybethereasonwhytheBritishhavethetwopartysystem.
ThedivisionintotwopartiesgrewouttheestablishmentofaProtestantChurchofEnglandinthe16thcentury.Becauseofapurelyreligiousdifferenceofopinion,thePuritanswereseparatedfromthebroadbodyoftheAnglicanChurch.ThenonPuritanAnglicanswereonthesideoftheKingandChurch,andtheirsupporterswerecalledbytheiropponents“Tories.”ThePuritanswereforParliamentandtrade,andtheirsupporterswerecalledbythe“Tories”“Whigs”.TheToriesandtheWhigswereinpowerbyturnsforalongtime.In1833,theTorypartysplitintotwoanditsnamewaschangedtoConservative.Inthe1860stheWhigsbecameLiberals.Fromthattimeon,theLiberalsandtheConservativeswereinofficebyturnsuntil1922.Thepoliciestheyputintoeffectweresometimesdifferent,buttheywerebothcontrolledbytherich.
TheworkingclassbecamemoreandmoreunwillingtofollowtheConservativesandtheLiberals.Theywantedtohavetheirownparty.SotheLabourpartywasformedbythetradeunions.After1922theLabourPartygraduallyreplacedtheLiberalPartytobecomeoneofthetwomajorpartiesinGreatBritain.
6.Whatdoes“it”standforinthethirdline?
A.Thetwopartysystem.B.Thestatemachine.
C.ThePartiament.D.Thecapitaliststate.
7.WecanlearnfromwhatP.STregidgooncesaidthat____.
A.iftherearepartiesinBritain,noneofthemwillbestrongenoughtohavecontrolinthegovernment
B.themorepatientsthereare,themorelikelyitisthattheywillhavethedecisivesayinthegovernment
C.thetwopartysystemcontributestotheestablishmentofapowerfulandlonglastinggovernment
D.ifthereareonlytwopartiesinBritain,itwillbeeasyforthegovernmenttocontrolthem
8.WhatcanweinferfromtheformingoftheToryPartyandtheWhigParty?
A.Thesetwopartiesoriginallybelievedindifferentreligions.
B.Thesetwopartieswereestablishedundertheinfluenceofdifferentreligiousbelieves.
C.TheBritishKingandtheParliamentsupporteddifferentreligionsbecausedtheywereforthetwopartysystem.
D.TheBritishKingandtheParliamentweresupportedbydifferentpartiesforpoliticalreasons.
9.Accordingtothepassage,whywastheLabourPartyestablishedinBritain?
A.Becausethetradeunionsdidnotdomuchgoodfortheworkingpeople.
B.BecausetheLiberalPartywerenotstrongenoughtodefeattheConservativeParty.
C.BecausetheworkingpeoplewouldnotliketobemembersoutsidetheLiberalParty.
D.Becauseneitherofthetwomajorpartieswasthepartiesfortheworkingpeople.
10.WhichofthefollowingistrueconcerningtheToryPartyortheWhigParty?
A.TheWhigPartynolongerexistsinBritain.
B.TheToryPartyhaskeptitsunityuntilthepresentday.
C.TheWhigPartyhastakentheplaceoftheLiberalParty.
D.TheToryPartyhastakentheplaceoftheConservativeParty.
C
Theimmunesystemisthebody’sdefender.Itidentifies,tracksdown,anddestroystroublemakersbeforetheycanhurtthebody.Thosetroublemakersmaybe,forexample,bacteriafromacutorsplinter,ameaslesgerm,acoldbug,orevenacancercell.
Theseinvaderstrytotakeoverourtissuesandfeedoffourbodies’nutrients.Iftheysucceed,webecomesickor,sometimes,evendie.It’sthejobofourimmunesystemstodestroytheseinvadersbeforetheydestroyus.
Sayyoupickedupafluvirus(病毒)lastweek.Perhapsitenteredyourbodythroughacut,fromadrinkingglass,orfromtheairyoubreathe.Ofcourse,youdidn’tfeelit,butthevirusmadeitswayintoyourbloodstream.Assoonasitenteredyourbody,itbegantoreproduce.Viruseshaveonlyonegoal:
totakeoveryourcells.Onceinsideyourbody,virusestrytoentercellsanddisrupttheirnormalwork.Ifleftalone,theseviruseswouldhurtsomanycellsthatyouwouldweaken,orworse,getaseriousillness.
Butthisfluvirusshouldnotbesocomplacentasitseemstobe.Asitreproducesinyourbloodstream,thevirusismetbyacertainkindofwhitebloodcell,thelymphocytes.Thelymphocytesarethefootsoldiersthatkeepyoualive.
Thenumberoflymphocytesinyourbodyishardtoimagine.Thousandsofthemcouldfitintheperiodattheendofthissentence.Yourbodyholdsaboutatrillion—that’s1,000,000,000,000ofthem,orabout3,000ineverydropofblood.Sinceyoubeganreadingthissentence,over800,000ofthemhavebeencreatedanddestroyed.
Someoftheselymphocytespassthroughasmallwalnutsizedorgancalledthethymus.Thethymusisthebaseoftheneck.Here,specialhormones(荷尔蒙)turnlymphocytesintofightingcells,calledTcells.
Tcellshaveoneterrifictalent:
Theycantellthedifferencebetweenfriendandfoe;whatshouldbeinourbodiesandwhatshouldn’t.Theydonotaffectthebody’shealthycells.Yettheyattackeverythingthatisforeigntoourbodies,suchasgerms,transplants,andevenourowncellswhichhavebecomeabnormal,asinthecaseofcancer.
11.Whatisthefunctionofourimmunesystem?
A.Totakeoverourtissuesandfeedoffourbodies’nutrients.
B.Topreventbacteriaorgermsfromenteringthebody.
C.Todestroythetroublemakersinorderthattheymightnothurtthebody.
D.TofightagainstTcells.
12.Whatdoestheword“lymphocytes”mean?
A.Foodsoldiers.B.Fluvirus.
C.Whitebloodcells.D.Troublemakers.
13.Thelastsentencein
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