理工.docx

理工.docx

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理工

第1部分：

词汇选项（第1～15题，每题1分，共15分）

　　下面每个句子中均有1个词或短语划有底横线，请为每处划线部分确定1个意义最为接近的选项。

　　1．Ican'tputupwithmyneighbor'snoiseanylonger，it'Sdrivingmemad．

　　A．tolerate　　B．generate　　C．reduce　　D．mensure

　　2．Regularvisitsfromasocialworkercanbeofimmensevaluetooldpeoplelivingalone．

　　A．equal　　B．immediate　　C．moderate　　D．great

　　3．Hewasrathervagueaboutthereasonswhyheneverfinishedschool．

　　A．bright　　B．unclear　　C．general　　D．bad

　　4．Iwanttoprovidemyboyswithadecenteducation．

　　A．special　　B．private　　C．general　　D．good

　　5．Sleepstairscanpresentaparticularhazardtoolderpeople．

　　A．picture　　B．danger　　C．evidence　　D．case

　　6．Ourarrangementswerethrownintocompleteturmoil．

　　A．doubt　　B．relief　　C．failure　　D．confusion

　　7．Patriciastaredattheothergirlswithresentment．

　　A．love　　B．surprise　　C．anger　　D．doubt

　　8．Yourdogneedsatleast20minutesofvigorousexerciseeveryday．

　　A．energetic　　B．free　　C．physical　　D．regular

　　9．Ienjoyedtheplay-ithadacleverplotandveryfunnydialogues．

　　A．boring　　B．original　　C．humorous　　D．long

　　10．Lowertaxeswouldspurinvestmentandhelpeconomicgrowth．

　　A．attract　　B．spend　　C．encourage　　D．require

　　11．Hedemolishedmyargumentinminutes．

　　A．supported　　B．disproved　　C．disputed　　D．accepted

　　12．Thetwobankshaveannouncedplanstomergenextyear．

　　A．close　　B．sell　　C．break　　D．combine

　　13．Herfatherwasaquietmanwithgracefulmanners．

　　A．polite　　B．usual　　C．bad　　D．similar

　　14．Theprojectrequiredtenyearsofdiligentresearch．

　　A．hardworking　　B．social　　C．basic　　D．scientific

　　15．Hewaskeptinappallingconditionsinprison．

　　A．necessary　　B．terrible　　C．critical　　D．normal

　　第2部分：

阅读判断（第16～22题，每题1分，共7分）

　　下面的短文后列出了7个句子，请根据短文的内容对每个句子做出判断：

如果该句提供的是正确信息，请选择A；如果该句提供的是错误信息，请选择B；如果该句的信息文中没有提及，请选择C。

　　CaliforniaGivesGreenLighttoSpaceSolarPower

　　Energybeameddownfromspaceisonestepclosertoreality，nowthatCaliforniahasgiventhegreenlighttoanagreementthatwouldseethePacificGasandElectricCompanybuy200megawatt（兆瓦）ofpowerbeameddownfromsolar-powersatellitesbeginningin2016．Butsomemajorchallengeswillhavetobeovercomedifthetechnologyistobeusedwidely．

　　Astart-upcompanycalledSolarenisdesigningthesatellites，whichitsayswilluseradiowavestobeamenergydowntoareceivingstationonEarth．

　　Theattractionofcollectingsolarpowerinspaceisthealmostuninterruptedsunshineavailableineosynchronous（与地球同步的）orbit．Earth-basedsolarcells，bycontrast，canonlycollectsun．

　　Lightduringdaytimeandwhenskiesareclear．

　　Butspace-basedsolarpowermustgrapple（努力克服）withthehighcostperkilogramoflaunchingthingsintospace，saysRichardSchwartzofPurdueUniversityinWestLafayette，Indiana，"Ifyou'retalkingaboutitbeingeconomicallyviableorpoweroftheEarth，it'satoughgo．"hesays.

　　CalBoerman，Solaren'sdirectorofenergyservices，saysthecompanydesigneditssatelliteswithaviewtokeepinglaunchcostsdown．"Weknewwehadtocomeupwithadifferent，revolu-tionarydesign，"hesays．Apatentthecompanyhaswondescribeswaystoreducethesystem'Sweight，includingusinginflatableminorstofocussunlightonsolarcells，soasmallernumbercancollectthesameamountofenergy．

　　ButusingminorsintroducesotherchaHenges，includingkeepingthesolarcellsfromoverhea-ting，saysSchwartz．"Youhavetotakecareofheatdissipation（散发）becauseyou'renowconcen-tratingalotofenergyinoneplace，"hesays．Accordingtothecompany'spatent，Solaren'ssolarcellswillbeconnectedtoradiatorstohelpkeepthemcool．

　　ThoughBoermansaysthecompanybelievesitcanmakespace-basedsolarpowerwork，itisnotexpectingtocrowdoutotherformsofrenewableenergy．LawsinCaliforniaandotherstatesrequireincreasinguseofrenewableenergyincomingyears，hepointsout．"Tomeetthoseneeds，we'rego-ingtoneedalltypesofrenewableenergysources，"hesays．

　　16．Solar-powersatelliteswilluseradiowavestobeamenergydownfromspace．

　　A．Right　　B．Wrong　　C．Notmentioned

　　17．Solarenisgoingtodesign200solar-powersatellites．

　　A．Right　　B．Wrong　　C．Notmentioned

　　18．Space-basedsolarcellscouldcollectsolarpoweronlywhenskiesareclear．

　　A．Right　　B．Wrong　　C．Notmentioned

　　19．Oneadvantageofspace-basedsolarpowersystemisthatitiseconomical．

　　A．Right　　B．Wrong　　C．Notmentioned

　　20．Inflatableminorsareusedtoreducethespace-basedsolarpowersystem．

　　A．Right　　B．Wrong　　C．Notmentioned

　　21．Space-basedsolarpowerwillruleoutotherformsofrenewableenergysources．

　　A．Right　　B．Wrong　　C．Notmentioned

　　22．Manycountrieswillgrantpermissionfortheuseofspaced-basedsolarpowersoon．

　　A．Right　　B．Wrong　　C．Notmentioned

　第3部分：

概括大意与完成句子（第23～30题，每题1分，共8分）

　　下面的短文后有2项测试任务：

（1）第23～26题要求从所给的6个选项中为第2-5段每段选择1个最佳标题；

（2）第27～30题要求从所给的6个选项中为每个句子确定1个最佳选项。

　　NaturalGas

　　1Naturalgasisproducedfromreservoirsdeepbeneaththeearth'ssurface．Itisafossilfuel

　　（矿物质燃料），meaningthatitisderivedfromorganicmaterialburiedintheearthmillionsofyearsago．Themaincomponentofnaturalgasismethane（甲烷）．

　　2Thepopularityanduseofcleannaturalgashasincreaseddramaticallyoverthepast50yearsaspipelineinfrastructure（基础设施）hasbeeninstalledtodeliveritconvenientlyandeconomicallytomillionsofresidential，commercialandindustrialcustomersworldwide．Today，naturalgasserviceisavailableinall50statesintheU．S．，andistheleadingenergychoiceforfuelingAmericanhomesandidustries。

Morethan65millionAmericanhomesusenaturalgas．Infact，naturalgasisthemosteconomicalsourceforhomeenergyneeds，costingone-thirdasmuchaselectricity．Inaddi-tiontoheatinghomes，muchofthegasusedintheUnitedStatesisusedasarawmaterialtomanu-factureawidevarietyofproducts，frompaint，tofibersforclothing，toplasticsforheahhcare，con-putingandfurnishings．Naturalgasisalsousedinasignificantnumberofnewelectricity-generatingpowerplants．

　　3Naturalgasisoneofthesafestandcleanestfuelsavailable．Itemitslesspollutionthanoth-erfossilfuelsources．Whennaturalgasisburned，itproducesmostlycarbondioxide（二氧化碳）andwatervapor-thesamesubstancesemittedwhenhumansexhale．Comparedwithsomeotherfos-silfuels，naturalgasemitstheleastamountofcarbondioxideintotheairwhencombusted（燃烧），makingnaturalgasthecleanestburningfossilfuelofa11．

　　4TheUnitedStatesconsumesaboutone-thirdoftheworld'Snaturalgasoutput，makingitthelargestgas-consumingregionintheworld．TheU．S．DepartmentofEnergy'SEnergyInformationAd-ministrationforecaststhatnaturalgasdemandwillgrowbymorethan50percentby2025．

　　5Therearehugereservesofnaturalgasbeneaththeearth'ssurface．ThelargestreservesofnaturalgascanbefoundinRussia，WestandNorthAfricaandtheMiddleEast．LNG（液化天然气）hasbeenproduceddomesticallyandimportedintheUnitedStatesformorethanfourdecades．

　　Today，theleadingimportesofLNGareJapan，Korea，FranceandSpain．

　　23．Paragraph2_________．

　　24．Paragraph3________．

　　25．Paragraph4_________.

　　26．Paragraph5________．

　　A．Popularityanduseofnaturalgas　　B．Naturalgasreservesandsupply

　　C．Naturalgasprices　　D．Cleanfuelofchoice

　　E．Disadvantagesofnaturalgas　　F．Naturalgasconsumption

　　27．Naturalgasisstoreddeep________．

　　28．Naturalgasisrecognizedasthemosteconomicalenergysource_________．

　　29．Whenmanufacturingmanyproducts，peoplecommonlyusenaturalgas____________．

　　30．Itisestimatedthatby2025thatnaturalgasdemandintheUnitedStateswillincrease_________．

　　A．overthepast50years　　B．beneaththeearthsurface　　C．bymorethan50percent　　D．formorethanfourdecades

　　E．asarawmaterial　　F．forhomeenergyneeds

　　第4部分：

阅读理解（第3l～45题，每题3分，共45分）

　　下面有3篇短文，每篇短文后有5道题。

请根据短文内容,为每题确定1个最佳选项。

　　第一篇

　　HowtheFirstStarsintheUniverseCameintoExistence

　　Howthefirststarsformedfromthisdustandgashasbeenaburningquestionforyears，butastate-of-the-artcomputersimulationnowoffersthemostdetailedpictureyetofhowthesefirststarsintheuniversecameintoexistence，researcherssay．

　　Thecompositionoftheearlyuniversewasquitedifferentfromthatoftoday，andthephysicsthatgovernedtheearlyuniversewerealsosomewhatsimpler．Dr．NaokiYoshidaandcolleaguesinJapanandtheU．S．incorporatedtheseconditionsoftheearlyuniverse，sometimesreferredtoasthe"cosmicdarkages，"tosimulatetheformationofanastronomicalobjectthatwouldeventuallyshineitslightintothisdarkness．

　　Theresultisadetaileddescriptionoftheformationofaprotostar-theearlystageofamassiveprimordialstarofouruniverse，andtheresearchers'computersimulation，whichhasbeencalleda"cosmicRosettaStone．"setsthebarforfurtherinvestigationintothestarformationprocess．Thequestionofhowthefirststarsevolvedissoimportantbecausetheirformationsandeventualexplo-sionsprovidedtheseedsforsubsequentstarstocomeintobeing．

　　Accordingtotheirsimulation，gravityactedonminutedensityvariationsinmatter，gases，andthemysterious"darkmatter''oftheuniverseaftertheBigBanginordertoformthisearlystageofastar-aprotostarwithamassofjustonepercentofoursun．Thesimulationrevealshowpre-stellargaseswouldhaveactuallyevolvedunderthesimplerphysicsoftheearlyuniversetoformthisprotostar．

　　Dr．Yoshida'ssimulationalsoshowsthattheprotostarwouldlikelyevolveintoamassivestarcapableofsynthesizingheavyelements，notjustinlatergenerationsofstars，butsoonaftertheBigBang．

　　"Thisgenea