春季18八年级英语培优版阅读D篇专题学生版.docx
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春季18八年级英语培优版阅读D篇专题学生版.docx
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春季18八年级英语培优版阅读D篇专题学生版
教师姓名
学生姓名
年级
初二
上课时间
学科
英语
课题名称
阅读D篇专题
Ⅰ.解题步骤
1.通读全文。
做简答题的关键是要读懂原文,因此首先要通读全文、弄清楚段落大意及文章的中心意思以及作者的基本观点、态度,正确理解语境。
2.按题查读,即根据问题去寻找答案。
认真阅读问题,充分理解问题,准确理解所问的内容,确定需要在文章中查找的对象,避免答非所问。
3.简练作答。
在基本确定了每道题的回答内容之后,就要用简练、准确的英语表达出来。
注意回答问题时要切中要点,不要画蛇添足。
组织答案时,注意避免语言错误,如:
时态、主谓一致、句子结构和拼写等。
如需引用原文,要作适当改动,最好不要整句照搬.
4.认真核查。
完成所填的答案以后,再将原短文和补全后的短文或句子放在一起,审读一遍,上下对比参照,逐一检查所填的词是否符合原文主旨和细节,是否答非所问,是否仍存在语法、词汇拼写等错误,另外还有一点也要注意:
如果对字数有要求,是否符合要求。
5.答案形式要符合提问方式。
不同类型的问题要求有不同形式的回答,不能仅仅为了答案的简洁而忽略了问题与回答在形式上的对应。
如原文中提问方式为“why”,那么就要用“because”引导的从句来回答。
Ⅱ.十项注意
1.用How提问,回答要以by开头
A.Howdidthejudgesolvethestudent’sproblem?
B.(Thejudgesolvedtheproblem)Bymakingtherestaurantownerhearthesoundofthefallingcoins.
2.用where/when提问,要以介词in/on/at等开头
A.Wheredidthestudentlive?
B.Inasmallroomneararestaurant
A.WhendidEppieLedererbegintowriteanadvicecolumnfortheChicagoSunTimes?
B.In1955.(or:
Aftershewonacontest.)
3.用howmany提问,要注意数字前是否有限定词morethan/atleast/about等。
A.Howmanyreadersdothetwocolumnshave?
B.Nearly200millionreaders(aroundtheworld).
4.用why提问,要以because(of)开头回答,或者以Todo开头回答。
A.Whydidthestudentfeelafraid?
B.Becausethejudgesaidhewaswrong/hehadonlyafewcoins/hehadnomoney.
A.WhydidLedereraskherreaderstowriteletterstoTheU.S.Congress?
B.Tomakethempassthelaw.
5.用whom提问,要以介词with/by等回答。
A.WhomdidSamlivewithintheWildCatskillMountains?
B.Helivedwithhimself.
6.Howlong提问时要注意区分在现在完成时态中要用for+一段时间(since+时间点)开头回答,其他则直接回答。
A.HowlonghaveyoustayedinShanghai?
B.For3years.
A.Howlongdidittakeyoutogotoschoolbybus?
B.3hours.
7.注意回答时态:
A.Howwasthefoodintherestaurant?
B.Thefoodwasdelicious/good.
8.反义疑问句:
(1)BothEppieLedererandPaulinePhilliplovetheirjobs,don’tthey?
步骤:
A.去掉反义部分(即don’tthey)
B.把前半部分的陈述句改为疑问句,即
DobothEppeiLedererandPaulinePhilliplovetheirjobs?
C.可以正常回答了。
(2)Thestudentwasn’thappylivinginthesmallroom,washe?
步骤:
A.去掉反义部分(即wasthey)
B.把前半部分的否定句改为肯定句,即
Thestudentwashappylivinginthesmallroom.
C.再把肯定句改为疑问句,即Wasthestudenthappylivinginthesmallroom
D.可以正常回答了。
9.选择疑问句:
Basedonherspeaking,howdowestayyoung,tolaughortocry?
回答时,不以yes/no开头,直接选择其中一项回答,
即Westayyoungtolaugh.
10.主观题:
要以文章中心思想为基础,通常看文章最后一段的意思,再用自己话概述,一般是3分(1+2),避免写长句,尽量写两个短句,涉及文章的高频中心词汇或词组。
A.Asateenager,willyourunawayfromhome?
Why?
B.Iwillrunawayfromhome.Because...,and....(两个原因)
Ⅲ.考纲词汇梳理
1.DuringtheNationalDay,thewholenationisfilledwithhappyatmosphere,streetsfullofballoonsandredflagsandeveryChinesehopesourmothercountrybecomemoreandmorepowerful.国庆节期间,整个国家处处都是欢乐的氛围,街道上也处处是气球和红旗。
每一位中国人都希望自己的祖国越来越强大。
【拓展1】
nationn.国家;民族nationaladj.国家的internationaladj.国际的
【拓展2】
befilledwith被...填充
近义词组:
befullof/becoveredwith
fillin填写
【拓展3】
powern.能力,权力powerfuladj.有力量的,强大的
energyn.能量energeticadj.精力充沛的
2.Afterthearmyattackedenemy'sbase,thebattlebrokeoutinthenorthareaandjustafter2hours,theenemygaveupthebase.部队攻击了敌人的基地。
战斗在北部爆发了仅2小时之后敌人放弃了基地。
【拓展1】
attackv./n.攻击
【拓展2】
basev.以...为基础n.基础basicadj.基础的
bebasedon以...为基础
【拓展3】
breakout爆发breakin闯入breakinto强行闯入
breakdown出故障=don’twork=gowrongbreakup(关系等)破裂
3.ThisblindAustraliansingerwasverypopularwithteenagersandinyesterday'scharityshow,hesanghisfavoritesongswhilesomeactressesweredancingaroundhim.这位澳洲盲人歌手在年轻人种很受欢迎。
昨天在一场慈善表演中,他演唱了自己最喜欢的歌曲,同时一些女演员在其周围伴舞。
【拓展1】
blindadj.盲的blindnessn.盲
deafadj.聋的deafnessn.聋
【拓展2】
popularadj.流行的popularityn.流行
bepopularwith/among流行于...
形近词:
populationn.人口
4.Somearticlesandthepicturesofthesemagazinesaboutgeographyandjourneyaren'tprintedclearly,sothissectioncan'tpublishthesemagazines.这本杂志中有关地理和旅行的一些文章和照片印的不是很清楚,所以该部门无法出版这些杂志。
【拓展1】
journeyn.旅行journaln.日报,日志,日记journalistn.新闻工作者,记者
【拓展2】
geographyn.地理geographicadj.地理的;地区性的
【拓展3】
printv.打印printern.打印机typistn.打字员
【拓展4】
publishv.出版同义词组:
comeout
形近词:
punishv.惩罚punishmentn.惩罚
Answerthequestions(根据短文内容回答下列问题)(错误率:
掌握情况:
)
(一)
Annalivedonthesideofavalley.Onesummer,therewasaverybigflood,an
dalotofhousesdownbelowAnna'swerewashedaway.Anna'shousewas highenoughtoescapetheflood,sowhenthewaterhad disappeared andtheotherhouseswerestandingthere withnoroofandnowallsandallcoveredwithmud(泥),herhousewasjustallright.
Herhousewasquitesmall,herhusbandwasdead,andshehadfourchildren, butAnnatookinone ofthefamiliesthathadlost everythinginthefloodandshe sharedherhomewiththemuntilitwas possibleforthem torebuildtheirhouse.
Anna'sfriendswere puzzledwhentheysawAnnadothis.TheycouldnotunderstandwhyAnnawanted togiveherself somuchmoreworkandtroublewhenshealreadyhadquiteafewchildrento support.
"Well,"Anna explainedtoherfriends,"attheendoftheFirstWorldWar,awomaninthetownwhereIthen livedfoundherselfvery poor,becauseherhusbandhadbeenkilledinthe warandshehadalotofchildren,asIhavenow.ThedaybeforeChristmas,thiswomansaidtoherchildren,'Wewon'tbeabletohavemuchforChristmasthisyear,soI'mgoingtomakeonlyonepresenttoallofus.NowI'llgoandgetit.' Shecamebackwitha littlegirlwhowasevenpoorer,andwhohadnoparents.'Here'sour gift,' shesaidtoherchildren.
Thechildrenwere excitedandhappytogetsuchapresent.They welcomed thelittlegirl,andshegrewupastheirsister.IwasjustthatChristmaspresent."
1.WheredidAnnalive?
2.Washerhousewashedawayinthebigflood?
3.HowmanypeoplewerethereinAnna’sfamily?
4.HowdidAnna’sfriendsfeelwhentheysawshesharedherhousewithafamilythathadlosteverything?
5.WhendidAnnaliveinGermany?
6.WhywasAnnawillingtohelpthepoor?
Whatdoyouthinkisthebetterwaytohelpthepoor?
(二)
With26Britishprimeministers,58Nobelprizewinners,over150Olympicmedalslistthatreadslikeahistoricalhalloffame,theinstitutionsofOxfordandCambridge–collectivelyknownasOxbridge–areseen,bymanypeople,asthedreamalmamater(母校).
However,asadmissionseasondawns,andtheOctober15deadlineforOxbridgeinchesevercloser,manystudentsmaywonderwhatmakestheUK’stoptwoinstitutionssospecial.WhydoesOxbridgesymbolizetheacademicdreamforsomany?
Dotheuniversitiesdeservethereputationtheyholdinthemindsofsomanyteenagers,parentsandacademics?
ThereisnodoubtthatbothOxfordandCambridgehavealongstandinghistoryofacademia.Yet,whatisoftenoverlookedisthestrongreputationofcountlessotheruniversitiesintheUK.
AsimpleclickonGooglecantellstudentsthattheLondonSchoolofEconomicsandPoliticalSciences,forexample,hasover18NobelPrizewinnersand50worldleaders.UniversityCollegeLondonattractsstudentsfrom150countriesandhasexchangeandresearchlinkswithnearly300overseasuniversities.ManchesterUniversityhasthelargeststudentunionofallUKuniversities.
IsuddenlyrealizedtheOxbridgeeffectwhenIwasoutinLondonwithfriends.ImetsomenewpeopleandwassurprisedbytheirreactionwhenItoldthemIwasgoingtostudyatCambridge.Onepersonevengotdownononekneeandkissedmyhand.
Fromthenon,ItoldpeopleIwasgoingonagapyear.AlthoughIknewthatOxbridgeprovidesagoodeducation,Ihadneverexpectedtogetsuchextremereactions.ItwasthisthatmademestarttofeeluncomfortableaboutthewaythatOxbridgeisviewed.
TheCambridgeTab,theuniversity’sstudentnewspaper,hasarguedthatwhatmakesCambridgespecialisthefactthatthestudentsaretoldthattheyareuniqueandacutabovetherest,sotheybelieveit.
Forstudentsapplyingnow,yes,youwillreceiveaworldclasseducationatOxbridge,butyouwillfindthesameatnumerousotheruniversitiesthroughoutthecountry.EverytimeyouhearaboutthebrillianceofOxbridge,considerthatjustbecausemanybelieve,itdoesnothavetobeso.
1.WhenwasthedeadlineifyouapplyfortheadmissiontotheinstitutionsofOxfordandCambridge?
_______________________________________________________________________________
2.BothOxfordandCambridgehavealongstandinghistoryofacademia,don’tthey?
_______________________________________________________________________________
3.NameanothertwouniversitiesintheUKwhichhaveastrongreputation.
_______________________________________________________________________________
4.Howdidthewriteravoidover-reactionfrompeopletoheradmissionintoCambridge?
_______________________________________________________________________________
5.Whatisthewriter’ssuggestiontostudentsapplyingtouniversities?
_______________________________________________________________________________
6.Whatdoyouthinkofthewriter’ssuggestion?
Why?
_______________________________________________________________________________
(三)
It’sadog-eat-dogworldandintheUKtherearemoreandmorepeoplefeelingexhausted(精疲力竭的)aroundtomakeitlooklikeanepidemic(流行病).Everyyear,thereisamountainofsurveysandreportsonstress—thediseaseofthemodernlife.
ThisNovember6wasBritain’sfifthannualNationalStressAwarenessDay.Inour“grab-it-all-now”culture,threeoutofeverytenworksintheUKsufferfromdepression(抑郁症),stressorburnout,accordingtoaUnitedNationsreport.
Womensuffermorethanmen.
“Today,”saysHerbertFreudenberger,authorofWomen’sBurnoutandBurnout,“I’mseeingmorewomenwithsymptoms(症状)ofburnou
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