阅读与翻译.docx
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阅读与翻译.docx
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阅读与翻译
一、阅读理解
1.概述
阅读理解(ReadingComprehention)是试卷的第三部分(PartIII),该章节包含五个任务(task),前两个任务的测试形式是“四选一”(36-45题),后三个任务以实用阅读为主(46-60题),分别采用“填空,匹配和简答”的形式。
阅读理解的第一任务是阅读,只有具备了一定的词汇量才能通读全文。
高等学校英语应用能力考试的总阅读量在1000-1500词之间,那么要求具备的词汇必须在3500词左右。
尽管实用阅读的理解难度不深,但是对于文章主旨大意的把握,句中某些词汇的所指极其含义也是不容忽视的。
2.讲解
对文章或段落进行理解,不外乎从两方面入手:
一是谋篇,二是谋句。
“谋篇”注重对文章的概括,明白文章的主旨大意,了解作者的观点与态度。
“谋句”侧重细节,根据上下文正确理解句义和词义,能够迅速查找出所需信息。
只有清楚了解进行阅读理解测试的目的,考生才能不惧任何考试形式,从容面对考试。
下面分别对这五个任务进行举例说明。
样题一(Task1)
“Someday,whenIhavetime,I’dliketo…”
Heardthatlately?
IthinkIusethatphraseatleast10timesaweek.Andyou’veprobablysaidsomethingsimilia.Afterall,weallhavethingswe’dliketodo“whenwehavetime.”
However,“someday”neverseemstoarrive.Let’sfaceit:
youmayneverhavethetimetodoanythingextra.Butmaybeyoucanmakethetime.Hereareafewsuggestionstogetyoustarted.
Planyourday.Makeachecklistoftheworkyouneedtogetdoneeveryday.Whenyou’vefinishedtheday’stasks,youmayfindsometimelefttodothoseextraactivities.
Setgoals.Decideonthegoalsforyourtime.Writethesegoalsdownandputthemwhereyouwillsrrthemeveryday.
Makehealthydecisions.Eatqualityfood,getplentyofsleep,andexerciseregularly.Yes,thiswillcostyouafewofyourpreciousminutes.Butyou’llalsohavemoreenergy.Thatmeansyou’llbemorelkelytospendyoureveningseffectivelyinsteadofwtchingTVathome.
36Accordingtotheauthor,allofuscomplainthat________.
A)wedon’thaveenoughtimetodothingswe’dliketodo
B)wehavetoomuchleisuretimetospendaday
C)wedon’thavemuchtimetoworkathome
D)wehavetoomanythingstoworryabout
37Togetyourworkdone,thewritersuggeststhatyoushouldfirst_______.
A)findtimeforextraactivities
B)finishtheworkimmediately
C)gettheworkdoneontime
D)makeaworkchecklist
38Thsecondpieceofadvicegivenbythewriteristhatyoushould_______.
A)reviewthegoalseveryday
B)decideonthegoalsforyourtime
C)setgoalsforextraactivities
D)writedowntheworkinyournotebook
39Accordingtothethirdsuggestion,qualityfood,plentyofsleepandregularexercisewillenableyouto________.
A)bestrongerphysically
B)enjoymoreleisuretime
C)bemoreefficientinwork
D)watchmoreTVprograms
40Fromthepassage,theauthorintendstotellushowto________.
A)organizeyourtime
B)doyourextraactivities
C)makeuseofyourtime
D)setgoalsforyourtime
例题分析
从“makethetime”这一词组不难看出,本文谈论的是有关时间的安排问题。
测试内容先从“谋句”开始,按写作顺序先理解“complian”的含义,再找出三个”suggestion”的所指,最后再“谋篇”—了解文章的主旨和作者的写作目的。
答案:
36“complain”---wedon’thaveenoughtimetodothingswe’dliketo
371stsuggestion---makeaworkchecklist
382ndsuggestion---decideongoalsforyourtime
393rdsuggestion---bemoreefficientinwork
40“intendto”---makeuseoftime
Key:
ADBCC
样题二(Task2)
RecordableCD-ROMDrive
Everydaymoreandmorepeoplearejoininganewkindofdigitalrevolution,
thatoftherecordableCD-ROMDrive.TherecordableCD-ROMDrivehasjustbeen
trustintothemainstream,andpeoplehavebeenburning(刻录)theirowncopiesoftheirfavoritemusic,computergames,andprograms.Infact,in1999over21million
recordableCD-ROMDrivesweresoldintheUnitedStatesalone;that’sthreetimesasmanyasin1998.ThedrivehasevenbecomestandardonmanyPCmodels.AdecentCD-RWdrivecanbepurchasesseparatelyforabout$250.
Onereasonforitsimmense(巨大的)popularityistheabilitytostoreMP3filesonCD.MP3filesarethenewstandrdformatforonlinemusic.MP3canbeburnedontoaCD-Rdiscthatholdsabout650MBofdata,whichwillworkinyourPC,laptop,orportableCDplayer.
TheCD-RWdrivecanalsobeusedtobackupdatasavedontheharddriveortocopycomputerprograms.WithprogramlikeAdaptec’sEasyCDCreator,burningCDsrequiresonlyafewclicksofthemouseandaboutanhour.AnotheroptionistheCD-RWdiscs,whichhavethesamecapacityastheCD-Rsbutcanberecordedonmultipletimes.
41WitharecordableCD-ROMpeoplecanburncopiesof_______.
A)computergamesB)programs
C)musicD)alloftheabove
42ApproximatelyhowmanyCDdriveweresoldintheUSin1998?
A)250B)21million
C)7millionD)3million
43AgoodCD-RWdrivecanbesoldseparatelyatthepriceof_______.
A)$250B)$650
C)$300D)200
44Accordingtothepassage,whichisonereasonfortheimmensepopularityofthCD-RWdrive?
A)Thediscscanberecordedformanytimes.
B)CDscanbemadeofonlinemusicfiles.
C)PersonalCDplayersaretooheavy.
D)Itisverycheap.
45HowlongdoesittaketoburnaCD.
A)HalfanhourB)Afewminutes
C)AnhourandahalfD)Aboutanhour
例题分析
这是一篇有关CD-ROM磁盘驱动器的介绍。
乍看上去陌生的术语和单词不少,考生会很容易产生畏读的情绪。
要知道,这一类科技文章的考查重点往往在细节信息的查找和辨认上,考生不妨先从后面的题目与选项着手,然后回到文章中去查找核实,本文41,43,45题就可以采取这种方法。
但有时查找到信息后还需要多做些功课,譬如42题,要进行除法运算;44题则要知道multi-前缀与multiple单词的含义
答案:
41D,42B,43A,44A,45D
样题三(Task3)
Withjustoneclick,youcansignin(登录)safelytoEandhaveallyourbusinessprotectedbypowerfultechnology.Thetechnologyencrypts(加密)yourcreditcardnumber,name,address,andtelephonenumberbeforetheytravelovertheInternet.ThismakesdoingbusinessovertheInternetassafeaspurchasingbytelephone.ThesafepowerfultechnologyhaseffectivelyprotectedhundredsofthousandsofEinOctober1996.IfyoufeeluncomfortablesendingyourcreditcardinformationovertheInternet,justcallusat1-404-728-8787andaskustokeepyournumberonfile.Oncewestoreyournumber,you’llneverhavetosendussensitivecreditcardinformationagain.Instead,you’llonlyneedtosupplythelast4cardnumbertopurchasetravelonline.
EWebsite
Methodtosignin:
_______46_________onthewebsite
Startingdate:
_______47_________
PurposeoftheWebsite:
_______48_______ontheInternet.
Onlinebusinesssafety:
protectedby_____49_________
Contacttelephonenumer:
______50__________
例题分析
本文采用填空的方式对文章进行理解,考查的重点仍在细节信息的辨认与查找上,因此阅读方法从后向前为佳。
考生在做题时,首先要明确题目的要求,本文46的method,47的date,50的number都是重要的提示词,按图索骥直接去找就可以了;但是网站的purpose(目的)到底是什么,文中没有明确说出,不过可以找到这样一句话:
ThismakesdoingbusinessovertheInternetassafeaspurchasingbytelephone.要知道,在表达“上网”时,over和on均可,这就透露出该网站的目的是doingbusiness.
答案:
46oneclick
47October,1996
48doingbusiness
49powerfultechnology
501-404-728-8787
样题四(Task4)
A___BusinessEnvirionment
B___EntertainingaClient
C___OrderingGoods
D___BrandPower
E___PublicRelations
F___HealthandSafety
G___RightsatWork
H___HumanResources
I___GoingGlobal
J___MarketingDisasters
K___CompanyPerformance
L___WorkandLeisure
M___TermsofPayment
N___ResearchandDevelopment
O___AdervertisingStrategy
P___SalesContracts
Examples:
(P)销售合同(M)支付条款
51.()公司业绩()订购商品
52.()公共关系()人力资源
53.()健康与安全()走向全球
54.()广告策略()商务环境
55.()品牌力量()营销灾难
例题分析
这是一道信息匹配题,一般是从15,16或17个选项中挑选10个正确答案。
该题由于答案已给出,因此可采用对比或猜测的方法去完成。
但是,由于该题考查内容涉及学术、科技、商贸、标识等实用性术语,范围较广,考生还需平时多留意,多积累这些方面的词汇。
答案:
51KC52EH53FI54OA55DJ
样题五(Task5)
Thewholeorganization—allthemembersofthestaff—mustacknowledgeandunderstandthis:
sellingisthemostimportantactivityoftheorganization.Fromthechiefexecutivetotheofficecleaner,everyonemustacceptthisasthefirstpriorityovereverythingelseinthecompany.
Thetelephoneoperator,theaccountsclerk,thestorekeeper,andeveryoneelsemustknowhowtohandleinquiriesandcustomerspolitelyandcorrectly.Iftheappropriatepersonisnotaround,otherstaffshouldtakeordersifnecessary.Thedeliverymanmustbewillingtoserveandpleasecustomers.
Whetheryouaresellingshoes,hotelrooms,buildingcontractsorexhibitionservices,youmustensurethatyouandyourorganizationgetenoughsales,customers,clients,contractsorbusinesstoensureagooodregularinflowofincomeforyourcompany.
Everybodyintheorganizationmustunderstandthatsalsaretheoxygenintheairthattheorganizationalbodybreathes.Withoutsalsthebodydiesquickly;withinsufficient(不足)salesitdiesslowly.
56.Whoismentionedasheadofthewholeorganization?
__________________________________________.
57.Whatmusteveryoneacceptsellingasinthecompany?
__________________________________________
58.Howmanytypesofworkaregiventoemphasizethatsellinginvolves
Allthemembersofthestaff?
__________________________________________
59.Whatissellingcomparedtoorjustlikeforthecompany?
_____________________intheair.
60.Whathappenstotheorganizationalbodyiftherearenotenoughsales?
___________________________________________
例题分析
任务五采用问答的形式对文章的理解进行测试,考生在做直接回答时一定切记:
要简答,而且不能超过三个单词。
一般情况下,问什么就直接答什么,譬如问who就写人名,问what就写事物,问howmany就写数字。
本文前四题基本如此。
如果遇到答案超出三个单词,你需要对原句进行修改。
60题如果这样回答:
Theorganizationalbodydiesslowly.显然不行,字数超过了,应该利用代词it去替代theorganizationalbody.
答案:
56.Thechiefexecutive
57.Thefirstpriority
58.Six
59.Theoxygen
60.Itdiesslowly.
3.解题策略
在实考中,考生在做阅读理解题时,经常会犯以下的错误:
1)答非所问,凭想当然。
尤其当选项里出现了文章中的词汇时,往往不再审题就直接选择。
2)凭直觉,凭猜测,忽略细节查找与辨认。
3)信息遗漏。
这种错误常发生在做填空和简答时,往往刚查找到信息就写下来,没有注意信息完整与否。
4)信息混淆。
匹配题中会有些类似的选项,一定要仔细推敲与对比。
针对上述错误,考生在实考时要多提醒自己:
1)注意审题,细心查找,确保信息的完整和正确。
2)不要慌张,不必匆忙。
40分钟的阅读时间足以让你轻松面对每一个task.
3)书写要清晰,笔迹要工整。
4)完成后随即再检查一遍。
4.真题训练
(06年12月B级)
Task1
Peoplewhoworknightshifttsarecinstantlyfightingagainstan“internalclock”intheirbodies.Quiteoftentheclocktellsthemtosleepwhentheirjobrequiresthemtoremainfullyaawake.It’snowonderthatmoreaccidentshappenduringnightshiftsthanatanyothertime.Lighttherapy(照光治疗法)withabrightboxcanhelpnight-shift
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