河南省鹤壁市高级中学高三英语上学期第二次段考试题.docx
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河南省鹤壁市高级中学高三英语上学期第二次段考试题.docx
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河南省鹤壁市高级中学高三英语上学期第二次段考试题
鹤壁高中高三年级上学期第二次段考英语试卷
命题人:
考试时间:
2016.10.20
第一部分阅读理解(共两节,满分40分)
第一节(共15小题:
每小题2分,满分30分)
阅读下列短文,从每题所给的四个选项(A、B、C和D)中选出最佳选项,并在答题卡上将该项涂黑。
A
Chinahasannouncedit’sabolishingitsone-childpolicy.Whatdifferencehasitmade,statisticallyspeaking?
400millionbirthsprevented
Theone-childpolicy,officiallyinplacesince1979,hasprevented400millionbirths.Parentshavefacedfinesandotherpunishmentsforhavingmorechildren.
ThemajorityofthedecreaseinChina’sfertilityrate(生育率)happenedinthe1970s.Itdroppedfrom5.8childrenperwomanin1970to2.7in1978.Despitetheone-childpolicytheratehadonlyfallen to 1.7 by 2013.
21:
28-baby deaths rate
Since the one-child policy was introduced, baby girls have become more likely to die than boys.
Inthe1970s,accordingtotheUnitedNations,60malesper1,000livebirthsdiedundertheageofone.Forgirlsthefigurewas53.Inthe1980s,aftertheone-childpolicybecameofficial,therateforbothwas36.Bythe1990s,26malesper1,000livebirthsdiedbeforetheageofone-and33girls.The2000ssaw21boysper1,000livebirthsdyingand28girls.
1.16 boys born for every girl
SexuallyselectiveabortionshavebeenconsideredasamajorcauseofChina'sunusualimbalance.
Gietel-Basten,associateprofessorinsocialpolicyatOxfordUniversity,saysthebirthsofmanygirlsarenotregisteredifparentshavebrokentherulebyhavingtwochildren,addingofficialsoftenturnablindeye.It'sestimatedtherearenow33millionmorementhanwomeninChina.
4:
2:
1 families
WiththeageingofChina'spopulationandthecontinuationoftheone-childpolicy,a“4:
2:
1”homeisthedescriptiongiventohouseholdsinwhichtherearefourgrandparent,caredforbytwoworkingageparents,whothemselveshaveonechild.
By2050,it’spredictedthataquarterofChina'spopulationwillbe65orolder.Thepredicteddeclineinthenumberofpeopleofworkingageisthoughttohavepersuadedthegovernmenttodroptheone-childpolicy.
1. When was the baby deaths rate for both boys and girls equal?
A. In the 1970s. B. In the 1980s.
C. In the 1990s. D. In the 2000s
2. What makes t
he one-child policy abolished according to the passage?
A. The decline of birth rate.
B. The rise of baby deaths rate.
C. The change of family structure.
D. The decline of working age people.
3. The passage sums up the one child policy by ________________.
A. number B. example
C. contrast D. analysis
B
DonaldWatsonwasamanwhothoughtverymuchaboutthefoodheate.HewasborninYorkshire,England,inSeptember1910.AndhediedinNovember2005,attheageof95.Thatisaverygreatage.W
atsonexplainedthatitwasbecauseheneverateanyfoodfromanimals.
Whenhewasaboy,Watsonstayedonafarm..Helovedtoseetheanimals.Hesaidthattheygavesomuchtopeople.Andalltheanimalsweresofriendly.Then,oneday,hesawamankillingapig.Hewasverysad..Fromthenon,Watsondecidedthathewouldneveragaineatmeat.Twentyyearslaterhedecidedthathewouldn’teatanythingfromanimals,suchasmilk,cheeseoreggs.Hebecameavegan.
Watsonformedagroupcalled“TheVeganSociety”.Initsnewspaper
TheVeganSocietythoughtitwasterribleandwrongtoeatfoodfromanimals.Atfirst,therewerenotmanypeoplewhoagreedwithhim.Theythoughtitwascrazytodoit.Mostpeoplethoughtitwastoodifficultandunhealthy.However,overtime,moreandmorepeoplebegantoagreewithWatsonandTheVeganSociety.
Peoplebecomevegansformanyreasons.Watsonandhisfriendstoppedeatingbecausetheylovedanimals.Theybelievedthatitwaswrongtohurtanotherlivingthing.
Now,peoplealsobecomevegansforenvironmentalreasons.Keepinganimalstakesalotofresources,includingwaterandfood.Also,insomeplaces,peoplearecuttingdowntreestocreatemorelandforcows.Byavoidingfoodfromanimals,veganshopetoprotecttheseforestareas.
Finally,justlikeWatson,somepeoplebelievethatbeingaveganishealthier.Theybelievethatfoodfromanimalscausesheartproblems,ahighbodyweightandmanyotherhealthproblems.
4.Atfirst,Watsonrefusedtoeatmeat____________.
A.becauseofhisloveforanimals
B.becausehehasalotofhealthproblems.
C.becauseofenvironmentalreasons
D.becausekeepinganimalsneededlotsofresources
5.Theunderlinedword“vegan”inparagraph2referstoaperson_________.
A.likeskeepinganimals
B.protectanimals
C.doesn’tkillanyanimals
D.doesn’teatanyproductfromanimals
6.Atfirst,mostpeoplethinkeatingfoodfromanimalsis_______.
A.hardB.reasonableC.ridiculousD.unhealthy
7.Thebesttitleforthetextis:
___________.
A.DonaldWatson:
anewwaytoeat
B.AnimalprotectioninEngland
C.TheVeganSociety:
aspecialgroup
D.Healthyeatinghabits
C
Facialexpressionscarrymeaningthatisdeterminedbysituationsandrelationships.Forexample,inAmericanculturethesmileisingeneralanexpressionofpleasure.Yetitalsohas
otheruses.Awoman’ssmileatapoliceofficerdoesnotcarrythesamemeaningasthesmileshegivestoayoungchild.Asmilemayshowloveorpoliteness.Itcanalsohidetruefeelings.Itoftencausesconfusionacrosscultures.Forexample,manypeopleinRussiasmilingatstrangersinpublictobeunusualandevenimproper.YetmanyAmericanssmilefreelyatstrangersinpublicplaces(althoughthisislesscommoninbigcities).SomeRussiansbelievethatAmericanssmileinthewrongplaces;someAmericansbelievethatRussiansdon’tsmileenough.InSoutheastAsianculture,asmileisfrequentlyusedtocoverpainfulfeelings.Vietnamesepeoplemaytellasadstorybutendthestorywithasmile.
Ourfacesshowemotions,butweshouldnotattemptto“read”peoplefromanothercultureaswewould“read”someonefromourownculture.Thefactthatmembersofoneculturedonot
expresstheiremotionsasopenlyasdomembersofanotherdoesnotmeanthattheydonotexperienceemotions.Rather,thereareculturaldifferencesintheamountoffacialexpressions
permitted.Forexample,inpublicandinformalsituationsmanyJapanesedonotshowtheiremotionsasfreelyasAmericansdo.Whenwithfriends,JapaneseandAmericansseemtoshow
theiremotionssimilarly.
Itis
difficulttogeneralizeaboutAmericansandfacialexpressivenessbecauseofpersonalandculturaldifferencesintheUnitedStates.PeoplefromcertainculturalbackgroundsintheUnitedStatesseemtobemorefaciallyexpressivethanothers.Thekeyistotrynottojudgepeoplewhosewaysofshowingemotionaredifferent.Ifwejudgeaccordingtoourownculturalhabits,wemaymakethemistakeof“reading”theotherpersonincorrectly.
8.WhatdoesthesmileusuallymeanintheU.S.?
A.Love.B.Politeness.
C.Joy.D.Thankfulness
9.TheauthormentionsthesmileoftheVietnamesetoprovethatsmilecan___.
A.showfriendlinesstostrangers.
B.beusedtohidetruefeelings.
C.beusedinthewrongplaces.
D.showpersonalhabits.
10.Whatshouldwedobeforeattemptingto“r
ead”people?
A.Learnabouttheirrelationswithothers.
B.Understandtheirculturalbackgrounds.
C.Findoutabouttheirpastexperience.
D.Figureoutwhattheywilldonext.
11.Whatwouldbethebesttitle?
A.CulturalDifferencesB.SmilesandRelationship
C.FacialExpressiveness
D.HabitsandEmotions
D
Hereisanastonishingandsignificantfact:
Mentalworkalonecan’tmakeustire.Itsoundsabsurd.Butayearsago,scientiststriedtofindouthowlongthehumanbraincouldlaborwithoutreachingastageoffatigue(疲劳).Totheamazementofthesescientists,theydiscoveredthatbloodpassingthroughthebrain,whenitisactive,showsnofatigueatall!
Ifwetookadropofbloodfromadaylaborer,wewouldfinditfulloffatiguetoxins(毒素)andfatigueproducts.ButifwetookbloodfromthebrainofanAlbertEinstein,itwouldshownofatiguetoxinsattheendoftheday.
Sofarasthebrainisconcerned,itcanworkaswellandswiftlyattheendofeightoreventwelvehoursofeffortasatthebeginning.Thebrainistotallytireless.Sowhatmakesustired?
Somescientistsdeclarethatmostofourfatiguecomesfromourmentalandemotional(情绪的)attitudes.OneofEngland’smostoutstandingscientists,J.A.Hadfield,says,“Thegreaterpartofthefatiguefromwhichwesufferisofmentalorigin.Infact,fatigueofpurelyphysicaloriginisrare.”Dr.Brill,afamousAmericanscientist,goesevenfurther.Hedeclares,“Onehundredpercentofthefatigueofsittingworkerin
goodhealthisduetoemotionalproblems.”
Whatkindsofemotionsmakesittingworkerstired?
Joy?
Satisfaction?
No!
Afeelingofbeingbored,anger,anxiety,tenseness,worry,afeelingofnotbeingappreciated---thosearetheemotionsthattiresittingworkers.Hardworkbyitselfseldomcausesfatigue.Wegettiredbecauseouremotionsproducenervousnessinthebody.
12.Whatsurprisedthescientistsafewyearsago?
A.Fatiguetoxinscouldhardlybefoundinalaborer’sblood.
B.AlbertEinsteindidn’tfeelwornafteraday’swork.
C.Thebraincouldworkformanyhourswithoutfatigue.
D.Amentalworker’sbloodwasfilledwithfatiguetoxins.
13.Accordingtotheauthor,whichofthefollowingcanmakesittingworkerstired?
A.Challengingmentalwork.B.Unpleasantemotions.
C.Endlesstasks.D.Physicallabor
14.What’stheauthor’sattitudetowardsthescientists’idea?
A.Heagreeswiththem.B.Hedoubtsthem.
C.Hearguesagainstthem.D.Hehesitatestoacceptthem.
15.Wecaninferfromthepassagethatinordertostayenergetic,sittingwork
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