clhkdAAA英语语言学练习题.docx
- 文档编号:5588681
- 上传时间:2022-12-28
- 格式:DOCX
- 页数:11
- 大小:35.27KB
clhkdAAA英语语言学练习题.docx
《clhkdAAA英语语言学练习题.docx》由会员分享,可在线阅读,更多相关《clhkdAAA英语语言学练习题.docx(11页珍藏版)》请在冰豆网上搜索。
clhkdAAA英语语言学练习题
Chp1
I.Blankfilling
1.Languereferstothe_____linguisticsystemsharedbyallthemembersofaspeech
community;parolereferstothe_____oflangueinactualuse.
2.Chomskydefinescompetenceastheidealuser’s_____oftherulesofhislanguage,and
performance,theactual_____ofthisknowledgeinlinguisticcommunication.
3.“Arosebyanyothernamewouldsmellassweet”.ThisquotationfromShakespeareillustrates
thatlanguagehasthedesignfeatureof_____.
4.Thepropertyof_____oflanguageprovidesaspeakerwithanopportunitytotalkaboutawide
rangeofthings,freefrombarrierscausedbyseparationintimeandplace.
5.Languageisasystem,whichconsistsoftwosetsofstructures,oneof_____,andtheother
of_____.Thisdoublearticulationoflanguageenablesitsuserstotalkaboutanythingwithin
theirknowledge.
II.T-Fchoice
1.Linguisticscanbedefinedasthescientificstudyofaparticularlanguage.
2.Languageisarbitrarybynaturebutitisnotcompletelyarbitrary.
3.Wecanusetheword“word”totalkaboutaword,wecantalkabout“talk”,wecanthinkabout
“thinking”,thisshowsthatlanguagehasametalingualfunction.
III.Answerquestions.
1.WhatfeaturesofhumanlanguagehavebeenspecifiedbyC.Hocketttoshowthatitis
essentiallydifferentfromanyanimalcommunicationsystem
Chp2
1.Thedifferencebetweenaconsonantandavowelliesinwhetherthereisair_______intheproductionofthem.
2.Vibrationofthevocalcordsresultsinaqualityofspeechsoundscalled______,whichisafeatureofallvowelsandsomeconsonants.
3.Twowaystotranscribespeechsoundsareavailable,broadtranscriptionandnarrowtranscription.Themajordifferencebetweenthemiswithorwithout_______.
4.Thebasicunitofphonologyisaphoneme.Itisanabstractcollectionof______features.
5.Whenphonemiccontrastismentionedwerealizethatthetwosoundsbelongto_____phoneme(s),whencomplementarydistributionisdiscussed,theallophonescomefrom______phoneme(s).
II.
1.Phonologyaimstodiscoverhowspeechsoundsofallhumanlanguagesformpatternsandhowthesesoundsareusedtoconveymeaninginlinguisticcommunication.
2.InEnglish,pillandbillformaminimalpair,andsodolifeandknife,pinandping.
3.Thephoneme/t/and/d/canoccurinthesamepositionandtheydistinguishmeaning,thereforetheyaresaidtobeincomplementarydistribution.
4.ThedistinctivefeaturesinEnglishcanapplytotheotherlanguages,too.Forinstance,voicingdistinguishesmeaninginbothEnglishandChinese.
5.InastandardizedEnglishsyllableallofthethreepartsofonset,nucleusandcodaarecompulsory.
III.Whycanaphonemedistinguishmeaning
Chp3
1.Amorphememustconveyalexicalmeaning.
2.Allwordscanbesaidtocontainarootmorpheme.
3.Theword“modernizations”ismadeupofthreemorphemes.
4.Derivationalmorphemesneverchangetheclassofthewordstowhichtheyareattached.
5.Themorphologicalrulescanbegeneralizedinspiteofsomeexceptions.
6.Itishardtobelievethatthereisaninterfacebetweenphonologyandmorphology.
II.
1.Morphologycanbesubdividedintotwobranches:
______morphologyand______morphology.
2.Thephonologicalandorthographicalrealizationsofamorphemearetermed______.
3.[-t]、[-d]、[-id]are_______ofthemorpheme{-ed}.
4.“Careless”isthe_______oftheword“carelessness”;“Gentle”isthe______oftheword
“gentlemanliness”.
5.Amorphemecanconveytwokindsofmeanings:
_______meaningand_______meaning.
6.Comparedwithafreephrase,acompoundhasdifferentphonetic,_______,________,
andsyntacticfeatures.
III.
1.Analyzeandtellhowmanymorphemeseachofthefollowingwordscontain.
unselfishness/justifiable/descendent/overdeveloped/
naturalistically/friendships/uninvitedly
2.Howdoyouunderstandthatthereisaninterfacebetweenmorphologyandphonology
Chp4
1.Thepartofasentencewhichcomprisesaninfiniteverboraninfiniteverbphraseisgrammaticallycalledaclause.
2.Thesyntacticrulesofalanguagearefiniteinnumber,yetthereisnolimittothenumberofsentenceswhichcanbeproduced.
3.Languageisbothlinearlyandhierarchicallystructuredaccordingtothestructuralistlanguageview.
4.Phrasestructurerulesprovideexplanationsonhowsyntacticcategoriesareformedand
sentencesgenerated.
5.UGisasystemoflinguisticknowledgeandahuman-specificgiftwhichexistsinthemindofa
normalhumanbeing.
II.
1.Foranynaturallanguage,asetofs______rulesarecapableofyieldinganendlessnumberofsentences.
2.Normallyasentenceconsistsofatleastasubjectandapredicatewhichcontainsaf_______verboraverbphrase.
3.Thesequentialorderofwordsinasentencesuggeststhatthestructureofasentenceisl_______.
4.Thesubordinatesentenceinacomplexiscalledane______clauseandtheclauseintowhichitisinsertediscalledam______clause.
5.Inconductingatreediagramanalysis,theprinciplewehavetosticktoiscalledb______division.
III.
1.Drawatreediagramforeachofthefollowingtwosentencestorevealthedifference.
a.Thecatranupthetree.b.Thecatateupthefish.
2.Whydoesasentencehavebothalinearandahierarchicalstructure
Chp5
1.Intheclassicsemantictriangle,thesymbolisdirectlyrelatedtothereferent.
2.Homographsarewordswhicharepronouncedalike.
3.Thesuperordinatetermismoreinclusiveinmeaningthanitshyponyms.
4.Inapairofcomplementaryantonyms,thereexistsomeintermediateformsbetweenthetwoextremes.
5.Allthegrammaticallywell-formedsentencesarenotnecessarilysemanticallywell-formed.
6.Oneadvantageofcomponentialanalysisisthatbyspecifyingthesemanticfeaturesofwords,it
willbepossibletoshowhowthesewordsarerelatedinmeaning.
II.
1.S_____restrictionsareconstraintsonwhatlexicalitemscangowithothers.
2.Thereareoftenintermediateformsbetweenthetwomembersofapairofg_____antonyms.
3.Thevariousmeaningsofap______wordarerelatedtosomeextent.
4.Linguisticformshavingthesamesensemayhavedifferentr______indifferentsituations.
5.Hyponymyistherelationofentailment,asuperordinateentailsallh______.
6.“Buy”and“sell”areapairofr_______opposites.
7.Insemanticanalysisofasentence,thebasicunitiscalledp_______.
III.
1.Theclassicsemantictrianglereflectsthe________.
A.namingtheoryB.conceptualviewC.contextualismD.behavioristtheory
2.Thenoun“tear”andtheverb“tear”are_______.
A.homophonesB.HomographsC.polysemicwordD.completehomonyms
3.Thesentence“JohngaveMaryapresent”contains_______arguments.
A.noB.oneC.twoD.three
meaningrelationshipbetweenthetwowords“couch”and“table”is______.
A.synonymyB.polysemyC.hyponymyD.co-hyponym
5.A(n)_______isalogicalparticipantinapredication.
A.argumentB.predicateC.subjectD.patient
IV.
1.Offerrespectiveantonymforeachofthefollowingandtelltowhichcategorytheybelong.
()
2.Namethecategorytowhicheachofthefollowingpairsofsynonymsbelong.
1.lift/elevator2.kid/child/offspring3.rotten/addled/sour
4.politician/statesman5.escape/flee6.amaze/astoud
3.Identifysenserelationbetweenthefollowingpairsofsentences.
1)a.Carlwasabachelorallhislife.
b.Carlnevermarriedallhislife.
2)a.Tedboughttwomagazines.
b.Tedboughttwothings.
3)a.Hehasnosister.
b.Hisyoungersisterisbeautiful.
Chp6
1.Pragmaticstreatsthemeaningoflanguageassomethingintrinsicandinherent.
2.Themeaningofasentenceisabstract,butcontext-dependent.
3.Themeaningofanutteranceisdecontextualized,thereforestable.
4.Utterancesalwaystaketheformofcompletesentences.
5.Perlocutionaryactistheactofexpressingthespeaker’sintention.
II.
1.Whatessentiallydistinguishess_______andpragmaticsiswhetherinthestudyofmeaningthe
contextofuseisconsidered.
2.Thenotionofc_________isessentialtothepragmaticstudyoflanguage.
3.Themeaningofasentenceisa_______,anddecontextualized.
4.C________werestatementsthateitherstateordescribe,andwerethusverifiable.
5.P________weresentencesthatdidnotstateafactordescribeastate,andwerenotverifiable.
6.Al_________actistheactofutteringwords,phrases,clauses.Itistheactofconveyingliteral
meaningbymeansofsyntax,lexiconandphonology.
7.Ani__________actistheactofexpressingthespeaker’sintention;itistheactperformed
insayingsomething.
8.Ac_________iscommitthespeakerhimselftosomefuturecourseofaction.
9.Therearefourmaximsunderthecooperativeprinciple:
themaximofq_______,themaximof
quality,themaximofrelationandthemaximofmanner.
III.
1.Themeaningoflanguagewasconsideredassomething_______intraditionalsemantics.
A.contextualB.behaviouristicC.intrinsicD.logical
2.Asentenceisa_________concept,andthemeaningofasentenceisoftenstudiedinisolation.
A.pragmaticB.grammaticalC.mentalD.conceptual
3.Whichofthefollowingistrue
A.Utterancesusuallydonottaketheformofsentences.
B.Someutterancescannotberestoredtocompletesentences.
C.Noutterancescantaketheformofsentences.
D.Allutterancescanberestoredtocompletesentences.
4.A(n)_________istheactperformedbyorresultingfromsayingsomething;itisthe
consequenceoforthechangebroughtaboutbytheutterance.
A.locuti
- 配套讲稿:
如PPT文件的首页显示word图标,表示该PPT已包含配套word讲稿。双击word图标可打开word文档。
- 特殊限制:
部分文档作品中含有的国旗、国徽等图片,仅作为作品整体效果示例展示,禁止商用。设计者仅对作品中独创性部分享有著作权。
- 关 键 词:
- clhkdAAA 英语 语言学 练习题