关于分词的试题及答案解析.docx
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关于分词的试题及答案解析.docx
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关于分词的试题及答案解析
关于分词的试题及答案解析
篇目一分词常考题型及解题要点:
1.分词具有形容词特征,可单独作定语或表语。
例题分析
(1)ThehighlyrespectzoologistErnestJustJoinedtherulingboardoftheMarineBiologicalLaboratoryinthe1930
[答案]B动词respect用来修饰后面的名词zoologist,故应改用分词respected形式,其作用相当于形容词作定语。
(2)Apatentgivesinventorsexclusiverightstotheirinventionsforafixperiodoftime.
[答]C修饰保词period应用动词的分词形式,即fixed。
(3)CharacteristicsofOpArtarethecarefullyarrangehuesandgeometricpatternsthatcreateopticalillusions.
[答案]A修饰名词hues,应用分词形式arranged。
(4)ThequestionoftheoriginoftheMoonisinterestnotonlyinitselfbutalsoasapartofthelargergenesisoftheearthandthesolarsystem.(88.5)
[答案]Binterest应用其分词interesting形式作表语,作用相当于一个形空词。
2.分词短语作定语,放置于中心名词后面
解题要点分词短语作后置定语在TOEEL考题中出现频率非常高。
因而,考生务必熟记这一结构和用法。
实际上,分词短语作后置定语。
皆是定语从句的省略形式。
例题分析
(1)Theleavesandstemsoftheplantaretheonlypartsoftheplant-------
(A)theusesforlivestockfeed
(B)forusinglivestockfeed
(C)usedforlivestockfeed
(D)theyareusedforlivestockfeed(93.1)
[答案]C过去分词used+介语短语组成的分词短语修饰前面的名词成分theonlypartsoftheplant,作后置定语。
此结构亦扩展为定语从句(thatare)usedforlivestockfeed
(2)Theslideruleusedslidingscaleswithmarks-------numbersandtheirlogarithms.
(A)representing
(B)represented
(C)arerepresented
(D)theyarerepresenting(92.10)
[答案]A分词短语作名词marks的后置定语,作用相当于一个定语从句:
whichrepresentnumbersandtheirlogarithms。
(3)Earlyphilosophersbelievethatthemindwasdividedintothreefaculties-------sfeeling,intellectandwill
(A)toknow
(B)known
(C)knowing
(D)knewthem(94.1)
[答案]B分词短语knownas…说明前面的名词threefaculties。
此结构可改写成定语从句。
Whichareknownas…
(4)ThebisonknowforthehumpoveritsshouldersisusuallycalledabuffaloinNorthAmerica
A.(91.1)
[答案]A此句主语是Thebison,谓语是系词is,划线A部分应当为分词短语,修饰名词Thebison.A应改为knownfor。
(5)LouisaMayAlcottischieflyrememberedforLittleWomen.Oneofthemostpopulargirlsbookseverwrote(88.5)
[答案]D修饰名词books应用分词生语everwritten。
3.分词短语作状语
解题要点在句了意义非常清楚明确时,状语从句通常可以简略为分词短语,但有一个先决条件。
此分词短语的逻辑主语应与句子的主语为同一人或物,此类分词短语通常置于句首。
例题分析
(1)-------as“thecensustakerofthesky”AnnieJumpCannoncontributedconsiderablytothefieldofastronomy.
(A)Known
(B)Knowing
(C)Toknown
(D)Knowledge(92.5)
[答案]A分词短语置于句首作表示身份的状语。
它的逻辑主语即是句子的主语AnnieJumpCannon.
(2)-------in1635,theBostonLatinSchoolistheoldestpublicschoolintheUnitedStates.
(A)Founded
(B)Founding
(C)Tofound
(D)Havingfounded(92.1)
[答案]A分词短语表示时间,其逻辑主语即是句子主语TheBostonLatinSchool.
(3)-------theconstitutionoftheCherokeeNationprovidedforachiefexecutive,asenate,andahouseofrepresentatives.
(A)In1827theydrafted
(B)Thedraftin1827
(C)In1872wasdrafted
(D)Draftedin1827(90.5)
[答案]D分词短语作状语,表示时间。
此结构可扩展为一状语从句;wheretheconstitutionoftheCherokeeNationwasdraftedin1827itprovidedforachiefexecutiveasenate,andahouseofrepresentatives.
4.现在分词表达主动的概念;过去分词表达被动的概念
例题分析
(1)Judgingtobethebestboxerofhistime,sugarRayRobinsonlostonly3outof137fights(94.1)
[答案]A此分词短语与其逻辑上的主语sugarRayRobinson是被动的关系(Sugarwasjudgedtobe…)故应用过去词Tudpedtobe.
(2)DuringtheColonialdays,theIroquoishadanagriculturaleconomybasingmainlyoncornwithsupplementarycropsofpumpkins,beans,andtobacco.(92.1)
[答案]B通常我们说tobebasedon,这个短语表示被动概念(基于,以…为基础),所以应改用过去分词based。
(3)Percapitalincomeisanation*sentireincomedividingbythenumberofpeopleinthenation.(90.10)
[答案]B根据句意及分词dividing后面的介词by,可以推断这个分词短语表达的是被动的概念,因此,应用过去分词dividedby。
(4)ClementineHunter*sprimitivepaintingshavebeenexhibitedatvariousgalleries.IncludedoneattheSmithsonianInstitutioninWashington.D.
C.(93.1)
[答案]D分词include与其逻辑的主语paintings并无被动的关系,不应用过去分词,应改为惯用现在分词短语including+名词宾语的结构
篇目二过去分词和现在分词专项练习
I.单项选择(75%)1.____thehouseonfire,hedialed119.
A.Tosee
B.Seeing
C.Havingseen
D.Beingseen
2.Ifelldownandbrokethreeofmyteeth.IwonderhowmanytimesIhavetocomehereandgetmyfalseteeth____.
A.fix
B.fixing
C.fixed
D.tofix
3.We’re___tolistentoher____voice.It’s___tohearhersing.
A.pleased;pleasing;pleasure
B.pleased;pleasant;apleasure
C.pleasing;pleased;apleasure
D.pleasing;pleasant;pleasure
4.___apostoffice,Istopped____somestamps.
A.Passed,buying
B.Passing,tobuy
C.Havingpassed,buy
D.Pass,tobuy
5.____withthesizeofthewholeearth,thehighestmountaindoesnotseemhighatall.
A.Comparing
B.Tocompare
C.Compared
D.Havingcompared
6.Herearesomenewcomputerprograms____forhomebuildings.
A.Designing
B.design
C.designed
D.todesign
7.____alittlemoney,Jimmywasabletobuyhismotheralovelynewlamp.
A.Tosave
B.Saving
C.Saved
D.Havingsaved
8.Theteachercameintotheclassroom____byhisstudents.
A.following
B.tobefollowing
C.followed
D.havingfollowed
9.Withthemoney___,hecouldn’tbuyanyticket.
A.tolose
B.losing
C.lost
D.haslost
10.Therewassomuchnoiseintheroomthatthespeakercouldn’tmakehimself____.
A.beingheard
B.hearing
C.heard
D.hear
11.Theresultofthetestwasrather_____.
A.disappointed
B.disappointing
C.beingdisappointed
D.disappoint
12.I’veneverheardtheword____inspokenEnglish.
A.use
B.used
C.using
D.beingused
13._____howtodothehomework,Iwenttoaskmyteacherforhelp.
A.Nottoknow
B.Notknowing
C.Knowingnot
D.Notknown
14.Deeply__,Ithankedheragainandagain.
A.beingmoving
B.moved
C.moving
D.tobemoved
15.Withwinter_____on,it’stimetobuywarmclothes.
A.came
B.comes
C.come
D.coming
16.____theoffice,theforeignvisitorswereshownroundtheteachingbuilding.
A.Havingshown
B.Showing
C.Hasshown
D.Havingbeenshown
17.Hewentfromdoortodoor,____wastepapersandmagazines.
A.gathering
B.gathered
C.gather
D.beinggathered
18.Thestudentcorrectedhispapercarefully,____theprofessor’ssuggestions.
A.follow
B.following
C.followed
D.beingfollowed
19.The___pricewillsaveyouonedollarforeachdozen.
A.reduce
B.reducing
C.reduced
D.reduces
20.People____inthecitydonotknowthepleasureofcountrylife.
A.live
B.tolive
C.lived
D.living
21.Theforeignertriedhisbest,buthestillcouldn’tmakehispoint___.
A.understand
B.understanding
C.tounderstand
D.understood
22.Thescientistswerewaitingtoseetheproblem______.
A.settle
B.settled
C.tosettle
D.settling
23.Thelibrary’sstudyroomisfullofstudents_____fortheexam.
A.busilyprepared
B.busypreparing
C.busilyprepare
D.arebusilypreparing
24.Thegroundis_____with____leaves.
A.covering,falling
B.covered,falling
C.covered,fallen
D.covering,fallen
25.Lessons____easilyweresoonforgotten.
A.tolearn
B.learn
C.learned
D.learning
26.Thewallet____severaldaysagowasfound____inthedustbinoutsidethebuilding。
A.stolen,hidden
B.stealing,hiding
C.stealing,hidden
D.stolen,hiding
27.Aperson_____aforeignlanguagemustbeabletousetheforeignlanguage,______allabouthisown.
A.tolearn,toforget
B.learning,toforget
C.tolearn,forgetting
D.learning,forgetting
28.___differentkindsofpianos,theworkersfartherimprovedtheirquality.
A.Toproduce
B.Beingproduced
C.Produced
D.Havingproduced
29.Thestudentsintheuniversityarealltakingcourses___adegree.
A.comingto
B.goingto
C.leadingto
D.turningto
30.Manythings_____impossibleinthepastareverycommontoday.
A.consider
B.considering
C.considered
D.beconsidered
31.___manytimes,hestillcouldn’tunderstand.
A.Havingbeentold
B.Havingtold
C.Hehavingbeentold
D.Telling
32.Theoldsickladyenteredthehospital,____hertwosons.
A.tosupport
B.supporting
C.supportedby
D.havingsupported
33.Chinaisoneofthelargestcountriesintheworld,_____9.6millionsquarekilometers.
A.tocover
B.covered
C.covers
D.covering
34.____andhappy,Tonystoodupandacceptedtheprize.ASurprising
B.Surprised
C.Beingsurprised
D.Tobesurprising
35.ThevisitingMinisterexpressedhissatisfactionwiththetalks,____thathehadenjoyedhisstayhere.
A.havingadded
B.toadd
C.adding
D.added
36.“Canyouread?
”Marysaid____tothenotice.
A.angrilypointing
B.andpointangrily
C.angrilypointed
D.andangrilypointing
37._____thecomposition,Johnhandedittotheteacherandwentoutoftheroom.
A.Writing
B.Havingwritten
C.Written
D.Beingwritten
38.Wereyou____whenyousawthatwildanimal?
A.fright
B.frightening
C.frightened
D.frighten
39.Properly_____withnumbers,thebookscanbeeasilyfound.
A.marked
B.mark
C.tomark
D.marking
40.Thechildsatinthedentist’schair____.
A.tremble
B.trembling
C.trembled
D.totrembled
41.Atthismomentthebellrang,_____theendofclass.
A.announce
B.announcing
C.announced
D.toannounce
42.Hewalkeddownthehills,____softlytohimself.
A.sing
B.singing
C.sung
D.tosing
43.Ihadtoshouttomakemyself_____abovethenoise.
A.Heard
B.hearing
C.hear
D.tohear
44.Thegraduatingstudentsarebusy___materialfortheirreports.
A.collect
B.tocollect
C.collected
D.collecting
45.Thecars____inBeijingareasgoodasthose____inShanghai.
A.produce,produce
B.produced,produced
C.produced,producing
D.producing,producing
46.WhenIcamein,IsawDr.Li_____apatient.
A.examine
B.examining
C.toexamine
D.examined
47.____asatisfactoryoperation,thepatientrecoveredfromillnessveryquickly.
A.Havingbeengiven
B.Havinggiven
C.Giving
D.Beinggiven
48.____asatisfactoryoperation,thedoctorbelievedthepatientwouldrecoverfromhisillnessverysoon.
A.Havingbeengiven
B.Havinggiven
C.Giving
D.Beinggiven
49.Hewrotealettertome_____thathistriptoJapanhadbeenputoffbecauseofthebadweather.
A.inform
B.informing
C.informed
D.beinginformed
50.Hereadsnewspaperseverydaytokeephimself____aboutwhat’sgoingonintheworld.
A.inform
B.informing
C.i
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