届浙江省杭州市西湖区学军中学高三上学期期中英语试题解析版.docx
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届浙江省杭州市西湖区学军中学高三上学期期中英语试题解析版.docx
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届浙江省杭州市西湖区学军中学高三上学期期中英语试题解析版
2020--2021学年浙江省杭州市西湖区学军中学高三上学期期中英语考试
第二部分,阅读理解(共两节,满分35分)
第一节(共10个小题;每小题2.5分,满分25分)
阅读下列短文,从每题所给的A、B、C和D四个选项中,选出最佳选项,并在答题卷上将该选项涂黑。
A
AtonepointinJunelastyear,ZengJiapengwasmorethan10,000yuanindebttoasmartphoneapp.The23-year-oldShanghaicitizenpaysforhisonlinepurchasesoffood,clothes,andtravelwithHuabei,avirtualcreditcardthat'spartofAlibabaGroupHoldingLtd.’sspreadingstableofe-commerce.Hisspendingoftenusedtogobeyondhisonlysourceofincome:
the8,000-yuanmonthlyallowancefromhisparents.Hetriedtorepaythedebtininstallments(分期),evenborrowingfromJiebei,anotherAlibaba-ownedcreditservice,buteventuallyhismotherandfatherhadtohelphimout.
Zeng’sstoryistypicalofmembersofChina’GenerationZ.Theseyoungconsumers,bornfromthemid-1990stotheearly2000s,havelittleincomeandthereforeactuallynocredithistory.Yettheyhaveeasyaccesstocreditfromanassortmentofbanks,financial-techcompanies,andpeer-to-peer(P2P)Lenders(网络借贷平台),plusotherchannelsthatareunregulated.Thespendinghabitsoftheyounginparticulararecausingconcern.Insomecasestheyoungergenerationisbeingtemptedtooverconsumeviacreditsecuredthroughtechnology.Unsecuredconsumerlendinghasexpanded20%ayearinChinasince2008.TheamountofconsumerfinanceavailablethroughtheInternetwillmorethandouble,to19trillionyuan,by2021,from7.8trillionyuanlastyear.Officialdatashowedthatalmost70%ofChina’s50millionP2Pborrowerswereyoungerthan40.
AsforZeng,he’stryingtobealittlemorefrugal,eventhoughheisnowtryingtoearnalittlebyhimself.“Ideliberatelysetthecreditlimitatalowerlevel,”hesays,“sothathopefullyIcanbettermatchmyincomewithspending.”
Regulators(监管部门)lastyearlaunchedabreakdownonpeer-to-peerlending,which,besidesbeingasourceofeasycredit,hadalsobecomeapopularinvestmentvehicle.Thesectorhasshrunktolessthanhalfitspeaksizeasaresultofforcedshutdowns.
1.WhatcanwelearnaboutZengJiapengfromthefirstparagraph?
A.Hewasindebtbecauseheboughtsmartphoneapp.
B.HelikespurchasinggoodsontheappHuabeiofAlibabaGroup.
C.Healwaysspentmorethanheearnedfromhissalaryinthepast.
D.Hedependedonhisparentstosupporthimtorepayhisdebt.
2.Whatdoestheunderlinedword“frugal”inParagraph3probablymean?
A.ImpracticalB.Hardworking
C.AvoidingwasteD.Relyingonothers
3.Whichofthefollowingcanbethebesttitle?
A.Overconsumption-ABadHabitB.China’sGenerationZ-HookedOnCredit
C.ChineseYouthIntheE-commerceAgeD.ZengJinpeng’sFinancialCrisis
【答案】1.D2.C3.B
【解析】
本文是说明文。
文章通过列举ZengJiapeng在手机应用程序上欠债1万多元,要靠父母帮他还债的例子,引出了当今年轻人沉迷于信贷的现象,并分析了其原因和严重性。
【1题详解】
推理判断题。
根据第一段“Hetriedtorepaythedebtininstallments(分期),evenborrowingfromJiebei,anotherAlibaba-ownedcreditservice,buteventuallyhismotherandfatherhadtohelphimout.”(他试图用分期付款的方式偿还债务,甚至从借呗借款,但最终他的父母不得不帮助他。
)可推知ZengJiapeng要依靠他父母来资助他还债。
故选D。
【2题详解】
词句猜测题。
根据文章第一段“AtonepointinJunelastyear,ZengJiapengwasmorethan10,000yuanindebttoasmartphoneapp.和Hetriedtorepaythedebtininstallments(分期),evenborrowingfromJiebei,anotherAlibaba-ownedcreditservice,buteventuallyhismotherandfatherhadtohelphimout.”可知ZengJiapeng以前的情况,他在手机应用程序上欠债1万多元,最后还要靠父母帮他还债。
第三段“AsforZeng,he’stryingtobealittlemorefrugal,eventhoughheisnowtryingtoearnalittlebyhimself.”提到了他现在的情况,根据后句“尽管他现在正努力自己挣钱,”说明他现在除了自己挣钱外,还正努力少花钱,frugal应该是“花钱少的,节俭的”,与Avoidingwaste同义。
故选C。
【3题详解】
主旨大意题。
文章开头列举了ZengJiapeng在手机应用程序上欠债1万多元,要靠父母帮他还债的例子,第二段“Zeng’sstoryistypicalofmembersofChina’GenerationZ.”引出了当今年轻人沉迷于信贷的现象。
同时指出“Thespendinghabitsoftheyounginparticulararecausingconcern.”年轻人的这种消费习惯令人担忧,并用数字说明了其严重性。
最后两段说明了ZengJiapeng的改变和应对此现象的措施。
B项China’sGenerationZ-HookedOnCredit(中国沉迷于信贷的一代人)概括了本文内容,又能吸引读者,适合作为标题。
故选B。
B
AttheWorldEconomicForumlastmonth,PresidentTrumpdrewclapswhenheannouncedtheUnitedStateswouldrespondtotheforum'sproposaltoplantonetrillion(万亿)treestofightclimatechange.Thetrillion-treeideawonwideattentionlastsummerafterastudypublishedinthejournalScienceconcludedthatplantingsomanytreeswas“themosteffectiveclimatechangesolutiontodate”.
Ifonlyitweretrue.Butitisn't.Plantingtreeswouldslowdowntheplanet'swarming,buttheonlythingthatwillsaveusandfuturegenerationsfrompayingahugepriceindollars,livesanddamagetonatureisrapidandconsiderablereductionsincarbonreleasefromfossilfuels,tonetzeroby2050.
Focusingontreesasthebigsolutiontoclimatechangeisadangerousdiversion(偏离).Worsestill,ittakesattentionawayfromthoseresponsibleforthecarbonreleasethatarepushingustowarddisaster.Forexample,intheNetherlands,youcanpayShellanadditional1eurocentforeachliterofregulargasolineyouputinyourtank,toplanttreestobalancethecarbonreleasefromyourdriving.That'sclearlynomorethandisasterslightlydelayed.Theonlywaytostopthisplanetfromoverheatingisthroughpolitical,economic,technologicalandsocialsolutionsthatendtheuseoffossilfuels.
Thereisnowaythatplantingtrees,evenacrossaglobalareathesizeoftheUnitedStates,canabsorbthehugeamountsoffossilcarbonreleasedfromindustrialsocieties.Treesdotakeupcarbonfromtheatmosphereastheygrow.Butthisuptakemerelyreplacescarbonlostwhenforestswereclearedinthefirstplace,usuallylongago.Regrowingforestswheretheyoncegrewcanundosomedamagedoneinthepast,butevenatrilliontreescan'tstoreenoughcarbontoheadoffdramaticclimatechangesthiscentury.
Inasharpcounterargumenttolastsummer'sPaperinScience,JustinGilliswroteinthesamejournalinOctoberthatthestudy'sfindingswereinconsistentwiththedynamicsoftheglobalcarboncycle.Hewarnedthat“theclaimthatglobaltreerestoration(复原)isourmosteffectiveclimatesolutionissimplyscientificallyincorrectanddangerouslymisleading”.
4.Whatdoweknowaboutthetrillion-treeidea?
A
Itwaspublishedinajournal.
B.Itwasproposedlastsummer.
C.ItwasputforwardbyTrump.
D.Itdrewlotsofpublicattention.
5.Whatisparagraph3mainlyabout?
A.Adrawbackofthetreeplantingstrategy.
B.Anexampleofbalancingcarbonrelease.
C.AnanecdoteofmakingapurchaseatShell.
D.Aresponsibilityforpoliticiansandeconomists.
6.WhatwasJustinGillis'sattitudetowardsglobaltreerestoration?
A.Indifferent.B.Opposed.
C.Hesitant.D.Supportive.
7.Whatisthebesttitleforthetext?
A.ContradictoryIdeasonTreePlanting.
B.ATrillionTreesCometotheRescue.
C.PlantingTreesWon'tSavetheWorld.
D.TheBestSolutiontoClimateChange.
【答案】4.D5.A6.B7.C
【解析】
本文为一篇议论文。
文章论述了作者不赞成美国总统Trump响应“种一万亿棵树”来对抗气候变化的倡议,作者认为真正能解决问题的方法是迅速地大量减少碳排放。
【4题详解】
细节理解题。
根据第一段Thetrillion-treeideawonwideattentionlastsummerafterastudypublishedinthejournalScienceconcludedthatplantingsomanytreeswas“themosteffectiveclimatechangesolutiontodate”.去年夏天,发表在《科学》杂志上的一项研究得出结论,大量种树是“迄今为止最有效的气候变化解决方案”,这“一万亿棵树”的想法赢得了广泛关注。
可知,一万亿树的想法引起了公众的广泛关注。
故选D项。
【5题详解】
主旨大意题。
根据第三段Focusingontreesasthebigsolutiontoclimatechangeisadangerousdiversion(偏离).Worsestill,ittakesattentionawayfromthoseresponsibleforthecarbonreleasethatarepushingustowarddisaster.把树木作为解决气候变化的主要办法是一种危险的转移。
更糟糕的是,它把注意力从那些对碳排放负责的人身上移开,正是这些人把我们推向灾难。
因此,第3段主要论述了以植树来保护环境的缺点。
故选A项。
【6题详解】
推理判断题。
根据最后一段Inasharpcounterargumenttolastsummer'sPaperinScience,JustinGilliswroteinthesamejournalinOctoberthatthestudy'sfindingswereinconsistentwiththedynamicsoftheglobalcarboncycle.Hewarnedthat“theclaimthatglobaltreerestoration(复原)isourmosteffectiveclimatesolutionissimplyscientificallyincorrectanddangerouslymisleading”.JustinGillis在《科学》杂志上发表了与去年夏天《科学》杂志公布的研究结果截然相反的观点,他认为去年夏天公布的那个研究结果是不符合地球碳循环动力学的。
同时,他发出警告:
通过植树来解决气候问题是不科学的,是错误的,是危险的,是具有误导性的。
推测,JustinGillis对植树提议是持反对态度的。
故选B项。
【7题详解】
主旨大意题。
结合全文,文章论述了作者不赞成美国总统Trump响应“种一万亿棵树”来对抗气候变化的倡议,作者认为真正能解决问题的方法是迅速地大量减少碳排放,种树的想法是不科学的,且具有误导性。
C项“植树不会拯救世界。
”符合文章主旨,适合作为标题。
故选C项。
C
Artistsalwaystreatbusinessmenasmoney-obsessedbores.Orworse,manybusinessmen,fortheirpart,assumethatartistsusuallyconsiderthemselvestobemoreintelligentthanothers.Bossesmaystickafewmodernpaintingsontheirofficewalls.Buttheyseldomtaketheartsseriouslyasasourceofinspiration.
Theprejudicestartsatbusinessschool,where“hard”thingssuchasnumbersrule.Itisreinforcedbyeverydayexperience.Bossesconstantlyremindtheiremployeesthatifyoucan’tcountit,itdoesn’tcount.Fewreaddeeplyaboutthearts.SunTzu’sTheArtofWardoesnotcountwhilesometastelessbusinessbooksarepleasingtothem:
considerWessRoberts’LeadershipSecretsofAttilatheHun.
Butlatelytherearewelcomesignsofathaw(缓和)onthebusinesssideofthegreatculturaldivide.BusinesspressesarepublishingaseriesofbookssuchasTheFineArtofSuccessbyJamieAnderson.BusinessschoolssuchastheRomanSchoolofManagementattheUniversityofTorontoaretryingtolearnfromthearts.
Mr.Andersonpointsoutthatmanyartistshavealsobeensuperbbusinessmen.DamienHirsthasbeenoneofthemostenterprising.HeupturnedtheartworldbysellinghisworkdirectlythroughSotheby’s,anauction(拍卖)house.Whatevertheythinkofhiswork,businessmencannothelpadmiringamanwhopartedartloversfrom£75.5milliononthedaythatLehmanBrotherscollapsed.
Studyingtheartscanhelpbusinessmencommunicatemoreeffectively.Mostbossesspendahugeamountoftime“messaging”a
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