英语重点知识课时分层作业及串讲 29.docx

英语重点知识课时分层作业及串讲 29.docx

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英语重点知识课时分层作业及串讲29

【Ⅰ】阅读理解

InmyfirstweekasagraduatestudentatCambridgeUniversityin1964Imetwithafellowstudent,twoyearsaheadofmeinhisstudies.Hewasunsteadyonhisfeetandspokewithgreatdifficulty.ThiswasStephenHawking.IlearnedthathehadabaddiseaseandmightnotlivelongenougheventofinishhisPhDdegree.

But,amazingly,hehasreachedtheageof76.Evenmeresurvivalwouldhavebeenamedicalmiracle,butofcourse,hedidn'tmerelysurvive.Hehasbecomearguablythemostfamousscientistintheworldforhisbrilliantresearch,forhisbestsellingbooks,and,aboveall,forhisastonishingvictoryoverhardship.

Stephenreceivedhis“deathsentence”in1964,whenIthoughtitwashardforhimtogoonwithhisstudy.StephenwentfromSt.AlbansSchooltoOxfordUniversity.Hewassaidtobea“lazy”undergraduate,buthisbrillianceearnedhimafirstclassdegree,an“entryticket”toaresearchcareeratCambridgeUniversityandauniquelyinspiringachievement.

Withinafewyearsoftheburstofhisdiseasehewaswheelchairbound,andhisspeechwassounclearthatitcouldonlybeunderstoodbythosewhoknewhimwell.Buthisscientificcareerwentfromstrengthtostrength:

hequicklycameupwithaseriesofinsightsintothenatureofblackholes（thenaverynewidea）andhowtheuniversebegan.In1974hewaselectedtotheRoyalSocietyattheexceptionallyearlyageof32.

Thegreatadvancesinsciencegenerallyinvolvediscoveringalinkbetweenphenomenathatwerepreviouslyconceptuallyunconnected—forinstance,IsaacNewtonrealizedthattheforcemakinganapplefalltoearthwasthesameastheforcethatholdsthemoonandplanetsintheirorbits.Stephen'srevolutionaryideaaboutalinkbetweengravityandquantum（量子）theoryhasstillnotbeentested.However,ithasbeenhugelyinfluential;indeed,oneofthemainachievementsofstringtheory（弦理论）hasbeentoconfirmandbuildonhisidea.HehasundoubtedlydonemorethananyoneelsesinceEinsteinimprovedourknowledgeofgravityandheisoneofthetoptenlivingtheoreticalphysicists.

1．WhatimpressedtheauthormostaboutStephenHawking?

A．Hisbrilliantresearch.

B．Hisdefeatinghardship.

C．Hisseriousdisease.

D．Hisbestsellingbooks.

2．WhatmadeStephenHawkingstarthisresearchcareeratCambridgeUniversity?

A．His“deathsentence”.

B．His“lazy”attitude.

C．Hisaboveaveragetalentandability.

D．Hisrichexperience.

3．ItcanbeinferredthatStephenHawkingwasborn________．

A．intheearly1940sB．inthelate1940s

C．intheearly1930sD．inthelate1930s

4．Whatcanwelearnfromthetext?

A．Hawking'stheorywasprovedyearsago.

B．HawkingisnotassuccessfulasNewton.

C．Hawking'stheoryhashadlittleinfluenceonothers.

D．StringtheoryisbuiltonHawking'sidea.

【Ⅱ】阅读七选五

根据短文内容，从短文后的选项中选出能填入空白处的最佳选项。

选项中有两项为多余选项。

Weallneedsomekindofmotivationtoeathealthily.Onlyexercisingisnotquiteenoughtostayinshapeandliveyourlifeasahealthypersonfreefromextraproblems.__1__Sotrythesetipsforstayingmotivatedtoeathealthilywhereveryougo.

Discovernewfoods.

Adoptinganeweatinghabitisfindingdifferentfoodstotry.Exploreaspecialtyfoodstore,getanewcookbookatthelibrary,orexplorenewculturalrestaurants.__2__

Trackyourweightloss.

Bycuttingoutfattyandeatinghighfibrevegetarianhealthy

foods,youwillforgetabouthighcaloriefoodssuchasdairyproductsandmeatandyouwillbemorelikelytoloseunwantedpounds.__3__Isnotit?

Thinkshortterm.

__4__Focusonhalftooneweekatatimeor,ifessential,onedayatatime.Feelgreataboutthehealthychoicesyoumadeatthelastmealinsteadofwonderingabouttheslipyoumadeatthepartylastweekend.

__5__

Youareonyourwaytoahealthier,happierlife,withdecreasedriskofseriousdiseases,includingdiabetes,cancer,highbloodpressure,stroke,andheartdiseaseandincreasedenergy.Asaresult,youwillhavemoretime，energyandmoneytodevotetothepeopleandactivitiesvaluableforyou.

A．Thatisanotherpowerfulmotivation!

B．Thinkofwhatyouhavegained.

C．Payattentiontotheenergyyouget.

D．Keepyourgoalsintheshortterm.

E．Youneedtohaveahealthydietaswell.

F．Tryeatingthedifferentfoodsatamealaday.

G．Itwillencourageyoutocontinueeatinghealthyfood.

【Ⅲ】完形填空

Eric,anathleticchild,losthisvisioninhisearlyteens.Atfirsthe__1__touseawalkingstickorlearnBraille（盲文）,__2__hecoulddoaswellasanyteenager.Hefinallycameto__3__hisdisability,though.Hecouldn'tplaythesame__4__asheusedto.Butthenhediscoveredwrestling,asport__5__sightwasn'tasimportantastouchand__6__.Then,at16,hediscoveredrockclimbingwaslikewrestlinginsomeways.Awrestlerandarockclimber__7__informationthroughtouch.Rockclimbing__8__mountainclimbing,thegreatestchallengeofhislife.

Eric'steammatessayheisn'tdifferentfroma__9__mountaineer.Themajordifferenceisthatheisn'tasthinasmostclimbers.__10__，hisstrongupperbody,flexibilityandmentaltoughnessmakehima（n）__11__climber.TheonlyhelpforEric'sblindnessistoplace__12__onhisteammates'jacketssothathecanfollowthem__13__．

ClimbingMountQomolangmawas__14__foreveryclimberoneveryteam.The__15__tothemountainairforEricwasthesameasitwasforhisteammates:

__16__ofoxygencausesthehearttobeatslower,andthebraindoesn't__17__asclearlyasnormal.Insomeways,Erichadanadvantage__18__histeammates:

astheygotnearthetop,thevisionofallclimberswas__19__.Soatacertainaltitude,allhisteammateswerelikeEric—nearly__20__．

ToclimbMountQomolangmaisanachievementforanyathlete.Ericshowedhisdisabilitywasn'tasimportantashisability.

1．A.promisedB．refused

C．demandedD．decided

2．A.insistingB．praying

C．admittingD．appealing

3．A.ignoreB．consider

C．overcomeD．accept

4．A.cardsB．parts

C．sportsD．jokes

5．A.thatB．where

C．whatD．whose

6．A.feelB．thought

C．smellD．taste

7．A.giveB．store

C．getD．exchange

8．A.fellbehindB．layin

C．dependedonD．ledto

9．A.disabledB．sighted

C．satisfiedD．determined

10．A.HoweverB．Besides

C．ThereforeD．Otherwise

11．A.amateurB．optimistic

C．responsibleD．perfect

12．A.ropesB．flags

C．bellsD．marks

13．A.casuallyB．easily

C．eagerlyD．slowly

14．A.challengingB．compulsory

C．optionalD．comforting

15．A.applicationB．limitation

C．adaptationD．reaction

16．A.lackB．change

C．supplyD．existence

17．A.surviveB．function

C．recoverD．refresh

18．A.againstB．to

C．overD．with

19．A.wastedB．broadened

C．improvedD．restricted

20．A.hopelessB．dizzy

C．blindD．dead

课时作业（三十一）

Ⅰ.[文章大意]本文主要介绍了著名物理家霍金的生平事迹及主要成就。

1．B　细节理解题。

根据文章第二段中的“Hehasbecomearguablythemostfamousscientistintheworldforhisbrilliantresearch,forhisbestsellingbooks,and,aboveall,forhisastonishingvictoryoverhardship.”可知霍金以惊人的斗志战胜了逆境，给作者留下深刻印象。

所以答案应为B。

2．C　细节理解题。

根据第三段中的“Hewassaidtobea‘lazy’undergraduate,buthisbrillianceearnedhimafirstclassdegree,an‘entryticket’toaresearchcareeratCambridgeUniversityandauniquelyinspiringachievement.”可知，他超群的才能使他取得了去剑桥大学开展研究事业的资格。

故答案应为C。

3．A　推理判断题。

根据文章倒数第二段中的“In1974hewaselectedtotheRoyalSocietyattheexceptionallyearlyageof32.”可知他生于1942年。

故答案应为A。

4．D　细节理解题。

根据文章最后一段中的“However,ithasbeenhugelyinfluential;indeed,oneofthemainachievementsofstringtheory（弦理论）hasbeentoconfirmandbuildonhisidea.”可知弦理论是建立在霍金思想基础之上的。

故答案应为D。

Ⅱ.[文章大意]作者针对如何有动力保持健康的饮食这一问题，给出了自己的建议。

1．E　根据“Sotrythesetipsforstayingmotivatedtoeathealthilywhereveryougo.”可知这里的意思是“你也需要有一个健康的饮食”，所以选E。

2．G　根据“Adoptinganeweatinghabitisfindingdifferentfoodstotry.Exploreaspecialtyfoodstore,getanewcookbookatthelibrary,orexplorenewculturalrestaurants.”可知这里的意思是“它将鼓励你继续吃健康的食物”，所以选G。

3．A　根据“Bycuttingoutfattyandeatinghighfibrevegetarianhealthyfoods,youwillforgetabouthighcaloriefoodssuchasdairyproductsandmeatandyouwillbemorelikelytoloseunwantedpounds.”以及“Isnotit？

”可知这里的意思是“那是另外一个强有力的动机”，所以选A。

4．D　根据“Focusonhalftooneweekatatimeor,ifessential,onedayatatime.”可知这里的意思是“在短期内保持你的目标”，所以选D。

5．B　根据“Youareonyourwaytoahealthier,happierlife,withdecreasedriskofseriousdiseases,includingdiabetes,cancer,highbloodpressure,stroke,andheartdiseaseandincreasedenergy.Asaresult,youwillhavemoretime,energyandmoneytodevotetothepeopleandactivitiesvaluableforyou.”可知这一段的标题是“考虑自己获得了什么”，所以选B。

Ⅲ.[文章大意]本文是一篇记叙文，主要讲述了残障人士Eric的励志故事。

1．B　根据下文“Hefinallycameto…hisdisability,though.”可推知，Eric一开始并不想承认自己的残疾，不想用拐杖或者学习盲文。

promise允诺；refuse拒绝；demand要求；decide决定。

2．A　根据语境可推知，Eric认为自己和其他青少年一样可以做好任何事情，很明显这是一件不可能的事，毕竟他双目失明。

insist坚持；pray祈祷；admit允许；appeal呼吁。

3．D　根据though可推知，Eric最终接受了自己双目失明的现实。

ignore忽略；consider考虑；overcome克服；accept接受。

4．C　根据上文“Eric,anathleticchild,losthisvisioninhisearlyteens.”和下文“Butthenhediscoveredwrestling,asport…sightwasn'tasimportantastouchand…”可推知，由于Eric看不见了，因此不能玩像以前那样的体育运动了。

card卡片；part部分；sport体育；joke玩笑。

5．B　where引导定语从句，在从句中作地点状语，修饰先行词asport。

6．A　根据空处与touch呼应可知，此处表示感觉。

feel感觉；thought想法，思想；smell嗅觉；taste味觉。

7．C　摔跤者和攀岩者都是通过触觉来得到信息的。

give给予；store存储；get得到；exchange交换。

8．D　根据语境可知，攀岩只是初级阶段，爬山才是最大的挑战。

fallbehind落后；liein在于，位于；dependon依赖于；leadto导致，通往。

9．B　根据上文“Eric,anathleticchild,losthisvisioninhisearlyteens.”可知，Eric失去了视觉，再联系下文可知，此处是说Eric和视力正常的人没有不同。

disabled残疾的；sighted看得到的；satisfied满意的；determined意志坚定的。

10．A　根据语境可推知，上下文表示逻辑上的转折关系。

however然而；besides此外；therefore因此；otherwise否则。

11．D　根据“…hisstrongupperbody,flexibilityandmentaltoughness…”可推知，Eric因此而成为一个近乎完美的爬山运动员。

amateur业余的；optimistic乐观的；responsible负责的；perfect完美的。

12．C　因为Eric是盲人，他需要靠听声音去跟着队友，因此通过在队友们的衣