前五个单元知识点总结.docx
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前五个单元知识点总结.docx
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前五个单元知识点总结
013秋季新版八年级上册英语第一至五单元知识点小结
Unit1 Where did you go on vacation?
go on vacation去度假 stay at home待在家里 go to the mountains去爬山 go to the beach去海滩
visit museums 参观博物馆 go to summer camp去参观夏令营 quite a few相当多 study for为……而学习 go out出去 most of the time大部分时间
taste good尝起来很好吃 have a good time玩得高兴 ]of course当然 feel like给……的感觉;感受到 go shopping去购物 in the past在过去 walk around四处走走 because of因为
one bowl of… 一碗…… the next day第二天 drink tea喝茶 find out找出;查明 go on继续 take photos照相 something important重要的事 up and down上上下下
come up出来 buy sth. for sb. / buy sb. sth.为某人买某物 taste + adj. 尝起来…… look+adj. 看起来…… nothing…but+动词原形 除了……之外什么都没有 seem+(to be)+ adj. 看起来……
arrive in+大地点 / arrive at+小地点 到达某地 decide to do sth.决定去做某事
try doing sth.尝试做某事 try to do sth.尽力去做某事 forget doing sth.忘记做过某事 forget to do sth.忘记做某事 enjoy doing sth.喜欢做某事 want to do sth.想去做某事 start doing sth.开始做某事 stop doing sth. 停止做某事 dislike doing sth. 不喜欢做某事 keep doing sth.继续做某事
Why not do. sth.?
为什么不做……呢?
so+adj.+that+从句 如此……以至于…… tell sb. (not) to do sth. 告诉某人(不要)做某事
1. on vacation 度假
vacation意为“假期、假日”,相当于holiday,但vacation表示长的假期。
如:
the long vacation 长假 the summer vacation 暑假
the Christmas vacation 圣诞假期
而holiday(尤其美国)指“假日;休息日;休假”。
on vacation = on holiday 意为“度假” 2. anything interesting 一些有趣的东西
1)something,anything,nothing,everything是指物的不定代词。
somebody,someone,anybody,anyone,nobody,everybody,everyone是指人的不定代词。
somewhere,anywhere,nowhere,everywhere是指地点的不定代词。
)当形容词修饰something, anything, nothing, everything等不定代词时,放在这些词的后面;
3)这些不定代词做主语时,谓语动词用第三人称单数。
如:
Is everybody here?
大家都到齐了吗?
4)something,somebody,someone,somewhere用于肯定句及表示请求或建议的疑问句中,而anything,anybody,anyone,anywhere用于否定句及疑问句中。
如:
Did you do anything interesting?
你做了有趣的事吗?
(表疑问)
Why don’t you visit someone with me?
你为什么不跟我一起去拜访下某个人呢?
(表建议)
3. buy sth. for sb. 或 buy sb. sth
如:
My parents often buy some books for me. = My parents often buy me some books.
我父母经常给我买书。
4.提建议的句子:
①What/ how about +doing sth.?
如:
What/ How about going shopping?
②Why don’t you + do sth.?
如:
Why don’t you go shopping?
③Why not + do sth. ?
如:
Why not go shopping?
④Let’s + do sth. 如:
Let’s go shopping
⑤Shall we/ I + do sth.?
如:
Shall we/ I go shopping?
5. long time no see 好久不见 6. quite a few 相当多
a few 与 a little 的区别,few 与 little 的区别 ⑴ a few 一些 修饰可数名词
a little 一些 修饰不可数名词 两者都表肯定意义 如:
He has a few friends. 他有一些朋友。
There is a little sugar in the bottle. 在瓶子里有一些糖。
⑵ few 少数的 修饰可数名词
little 少数的 修饰不可数名词 但两者都表否定意义 如:
He has few friends. 他没有几个朋友。
There is little sugar in the bottle.在瓶子里没有多少糖。
7. most of … …的大多数 如:
most of the time 大多数时间 8. Still no one seemed to be bored. 仍然没有人感到烦闷。
1)seem意为“好像;似乎;看来”,是个连系动词,构成的短语有:
seem to do sth. 好像做某事 如:
They seem to talk in class. 他们似乎上课说话。
seem(to be)+adj. 似乎...... 如:
He seemed ( to be) ill yesterday. 昨天他似乎病了。
It seems that + 从句 似乎...... 如:
It seems that he was ill yesterday. 昨天他似乎病了
2) bored 作形容词,意为“烦闷的;厌倦的”其主语是某人; 而boring 也是形容词,其主语是某物。
如:
My parents ask me to do homework all day. I feel bored.我父母整天叫我做作业,我感到很厌倦。
Doing homework all day is a little boring. 整天做作业有点无聊。
相类似的词语还有:
interested adj. 感兴趣的 interesting adj. 有趣的 surprised adj. 感到惊奇的 surprising adj. 惊奇的 tired 累的 tiring 令人疲惫的
excited 兴奋的 exciting 令人兴奋/激动的 amazed 惊讶的 amazing 令人惊讶的 9. 辨析:
get to/reach/arrive
牢记:
相同点:
都是“到达“的意思 不同点:
get to+地点/reach+地点
arrive at+小地点(车站等)/arrive in+大地点(国家等)
注意:
若他们后面要加地点副词here,there,home等,则不需要加介词。
10. enjoy doing sth . 喜欢做…乐意做… 如:
She enjoys playing football. 她喜欢踢足球。
enjoy oneself 过得愉快 如:
He enjoyed himself. 他过得很愉快。
跟它意思相近的词组还有have a good \ great time , have fun。
11. decide 意为“决定”,是动词。
它的名词形式为decision。
构成的短语有:
decide to do sth.
decide on doing sth. 决定做某事 make a decision to do sth.
决定不要做某事,要用decide not to do sth.。
如:
Li Lei has decided to go to Beijing . 李雷已经决定去北京。
12. nothing...but...意为“除......之外; 只有”,如:
I have nothing to do but watch TV all day long. 我整天除了看电视什么也没干。
13 . feel like 意为:
“有什么感觉;感受到”,后跟宾语从句。
另外,构成短语 feel like doing sth.意为“想做某事”。
如:
I felt like I was a bird. 我感觉我是一只鸟。
I feel like eating.我想吃东西。
14. because of , because:
because of + 名词/代词/名词性短语 I had to move because of my job. 因为
工作的原因 我得搬家。
because + 从句 如:
I do it because I like it. 我做这件事是因为我喜欢。
15. below意为“在......下面”,其反义词为 above,意为“在......上面” 16. bring sth.to +地点,意为“带来”,其反义词是take。
如:
Please bring your book to our school. 请把你的书带到我们学校来。
Please take your book to your school. 请把你的书带到你的学校去
17.enough 足够
形容词+enough 如:
beautiful enough 足够漂亮 enough+名词 如:
enough food 足够食物 enough to 足够…去做…
如:
I have enough money to go to Beijing. 我有足够的钱去北京。
She is old enough to go to school. 她够大去读书了。
18. so … that 如此…以致于
引导结果状语从句,so后面接形容词、副词. that 后面跟从句。
如:
She was so sad that she couldn’t say a word. 她悲伤得一句话也说不出来。
19. taste good 尝起来很好吃。
taste 系动词用法“尝起来”后+形容词。
其他表示状态的系动词有:
feel(觉得) keep(保持)stay(保持)seem(好像)look(看来像……)smell(闻起来)sound(听起来……)taste(尝起来……) 系动词与形容词连用
I feel sick。
我感到难受。
Keep quiet,please!
请安静下来!
The weather stays very hot。
天气非常热。
He seems very clever。
他好像很聪明。
Jim looks like his father。
吉姆长得像他父亲。
The fish smells terrible. 这鱼闻起来坏了。
That sounds a good idea。
那听起来是个好主意。
The soup tastes very delicious。
这汤尝起来非常香。
Unit2 How often do you exercise?
help with housework帮助做家务 on weekends在周末 how often多久一次 hardly ever几乎从不
once a week每周一次 twice a month每月两次 be free有空 go to the movies去看电影 use the Internet用互联网 play tennis打网球 stay up late熬夜;睡得很晚 at least至少 have dance and piano lessons上舞蹈课和钢琴课
go to bed early早点睡觉 play sports进行体育活动 be good for对……有好处 go camping去野营
not…at all一点儿也不…… in one’s free time在某人的业余时间 the most popular最受欢迎的 such as比如;诸如 old habits die hard积习难改 go to the dentist去看牙医 morn than多于;超过 less than少于
help sb. with sth.帮助某人做某事 How about…?
.....怎么样?
…好不好?
want sb. to do sth.想让某人做某事 sb.+find+that从句. 某人发现…… spend time with sb.和某人一起度过时光spend time on sth/ (in) doing sth. It’s+ adj.+ to do sth. 做某事是……的。
ask sb. about sth.向某人询问某事
by doing sth. 通过做某事 the best way to do sth.做某事的最好方式
5
What’s your favorite……?
你最喜爱的……是什么?
1. exercise的用法 v/n
1) 动词,锻炼,既可以作不可数名词“锻炼”讲,也可作可数名词“练习”讲。
He exercises every day。
We often do / take exercise on weekends. 2)do morning exercises 做早操 do eye exercises 做眼保健操
Doing morning exercises is good for our health. 做早操对我们的健康有益。
2.No, I never go shopping. 不, 我从不购物。
(1)go shopping 意为“去购物”。
Go+ v. Ing 形式表示进行某项活动。
如:
Go swimming/ shopping/skating/skiing/fishing/climbing/hiking 去游泳/购物/滑冰/滑雪/钓鱼/爬山/徒步旅行。
(2)never为频率副词,意思是“从不”。
【辨析】:
频率副词always, usually, often, sometimes, hardly ever, never
频率副词 词义 频率 英文释义 always 总是 100% all the time usually 通常 90% often, generally often 经常 80% (at) many times sometimes 有时 50% at times, now and then hardly ever 几乎不 10% almost not, not at all
never 从不 0%
not ever, not at any
time
3. —How often do you watch TV?
你多久看一次电视?
—Twice a week. 一周两次。
(1)how often表示“多久一次”,是对动作的频率进行提问。
可用于回答表示频率的副词,如always, usually, often, sometimes, hardly ever, never等,或用于回答表示频率的短语,如once a day (一天一次),twice a week (一周两次),four times a month (一个月四次),every day (每一天)等。
如:
▲—How often does he surf the Internet?
他多久在网上冲浪一次?
—Once a week. 一周一次。
(2)twice a week 意思是“一周两次”是一个表示频率的短语,表示频率的短语一般是由“次数+a+时间名词”构成;表示“一次或两次”时,一般用once和twice表示,而表示“三次或三次以上”时,则用“数词+times”结构。
如:
once a month (一个月一次),twice a day (一天两次),three times a week (一周三次),five times a year (一年五次)等。
(3) 疑问词how的用法
1)怎样,用什么手段,方法/交通工具 How did he do it?
/ I don’t know how to swim. How do you come to school?
(2) 情况如何(指身体健康状况) How are you?
(3) how many,how much表示“多少” how many后接可数名词复数,how much接不可数名词。
How many times do you go to the park?
How much are those pants?
(4)how many times 询问多少次,其答语表示次数。
如:
once twice,three times等
How many times do you go to the movies a month?
About three times. (5) How old...?
询问年龄 How old are you?
I am five.
(6) How about…?
……如何?
……怎么样?
How about going to the movies?
(7)how long 询问多长时间,其答语表示一段时间,如:
for two days,for three hours等。
How long will it take to get to the station?
About half an hour。
(8)how soon 用来询问过多久,多久以后,其答语是in two hours,in three days等。
How soon wil he come back?
In an hour。
4. be free意为“有空”是形容词,其反义词为“be busy”。
free的另一种意思是“自由的;不受约束的”,其名词形式为freedom。
还有一个意思是“免费的”,如:
They enjoy free medical care. 他们享受免费医疗。
5. be full 意为“满的;忙的”是形容词,其反义词有:
full(满的)—— empty(空的),full(饱的)——hungry(饿的)。
如:
I am full, so I don’t want anything. 我饱了,所以我不想要了。
6. eat breakfast意为“吃早饭”同义词组为 have breakfast,其中间不加冠词,但当三餐前有形容词修饰时,要加不定冠词 a 或an。
如:
have a big dinner 吃一顿丰盛的晚餐
want+名词 想要 如:
I want a job. 我想要一份工作。
want to do sth. 想要做某事 Do you want to go to the movies with me?
你想和我一起去看电影吗?
want sb. to do sth. 想要某人干某事 I want you to help me with my math. 我想要你帮我学数学。
7.She says it’s good for my health. 她说那对我的健康有益。
(1)be good for意思是“对……有好处”。
如:
▲ Doing exercise is good for our health. 进行锻炼对我们的身体有好处。
【辨析】:
be good for, be good at 与be good to
be good for 意思是“对……有益”。
如:
▲ Watching TV too much is not good for your health.
看电视太多对你的身体没有好处。
be good at
意思是“擅长于……”。
如:
▲ He is good at playing football. 他擅长踢足球。
be good to 意思是“对……好”。
如:
▲ The old woman is good to us. 那个老太太对我们很
好。
2)health是一个名词,意思是“健康”,它的形容词形式是healthy,意思是“健康的”。
如:
▲ My grandmother is over 80 years old, but she is very healthy. 我奶奶八十多岁了,但她非常健康。
▲ We should keep in good health.我们要保持健康。
8. ask sb. to do 叫…做某事 Teacher asked me to clean the classroom. ask sb. not to do sth.叫
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