英语语言学教程答案.docx

英语语言学教程答案.docx

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英语语言学教程答案

英语语言学教程答案

【篇一：

新编简明英语语言学教程第一次作业及答案】

ass=txt>i.decidewhethereachofthefollowingstatementsistrueorfalse.

1.linguisticsisgenerallydefinedasthescientificstudyoflanguage.（t）

2.linguisticsstudiesparticularlanguage,notlanguageingeneral.（f）

3.ascientificstudyoflanguageisbasedonwhatthelinguistthinks.（f）

4.inthestudyoflinguistics,hypothesesformedshouldbebasedonlanguagefactsandcheckedagainsttheobservedfacts.（t）

5.generallinguisticsisgenerallythestudyoflanguageasawhole.（t）

6.generallinguistics,whichrelatesitselftotheresearchofotherareas,studiesthebasicconcepts,theories,descriptions,modelsandmethodsapplicableinanylinguisticsstudy.（f）

7.modernlinguisticsismostlyprescriptive,butsometimesdescriptive.（f）

8.modernlinguisticsisdifferentfromtraditionalgrammar.

（t）

9.adiachronicstudyoflanguageisthedescriptionoflanguageatsomepointintime.

（f）

10.thedistinctionbetweencompetenceandperformancewasproposedbysaussure.（f）

11.fillineachofthefollowingblankswithonewordwhichbeginswiththelettergiven.

1.chomskydefines“competence”astheidealuser’knowledgeoftherulesofhislanguage.

2.languereferstotheabstractlinguisticsystem

sharedbyallthemembersofaspeechcommunitywhiletheparoleistheconcreteuseoftheconventionsandapplicationoftherules.

3.dualityisoneofthedesingfeaturesofhuman

languagewhichreferstothephenomenonthatlanguage

consistsoftwolevels:

alowerlevelofmeaninglessindividualsoundsandahigherlevelofmeaningfulunits.

4.languageisasystemofarbitraryvocalsymbols

usedforhumancommunication.

5.parolereferstotherealizationoflangueinactualuse.

6.findingsinlinguisticstudiescanoftenbeappliedtothesettlementofsomepracticalproblems.thestudyofsuchapplicationisgenerallyknownasappliedlinguistics.

7.languageisproductiveinthatitmakespossible

theconstructionandinterpretationofnewsignalsbyitsusers.

inotherwords,theycanproduceandunderstandaninfinitelylargenumberofsentenceswhichtheyhaveneverheardbefore.

8.linguisticsisgenerallydefinedasthescientificstudy

oflanguge.

9.ifalinguisticstudydescribesandanalyzesthelanguagepeopleactuallyuse,itissaidtobedescriptive.

10.modernlinguisticsregardsthewrittenlanguageassecondary.

111.therearefourchoicesfollowingeachstatement.markthechoicethatcanbestcompletethestatement.

d1.whichofthefollowingisnotadesignfeatureofhumanlanguage?

d2.inmodernlinguistics,speechisregardedasmorebasicthanwriting,because.

a.inlinguisticevolution,speechispriortowriting

b.speechplaysagreaterrolethanwritingintermsoftheamountofinformationconveyed

c.speechisalwaysthewayinwhicheverynativespeakeracquireshismothertongue

d.alloftheabove.

b3.ahistoricalstudyoflanguageisastudyof

language.

a.synchronicb.diachronicc.prescriptived.comparative

a4.sausuretooka（n）viewoflanguage,while

chomskylooksatlanguagefromapointofview.

a.sociological,psychological

b.psychological,sociological

c.applied,pragmatic

d.semantic,linguistic

c5.accordingtosaussure,referstotheabstract

linguisticsystemsharedbyallthemembersofaspeechcommunity.

a.paroleb.performancec.langued.language

b6.languageissaidtobearbitrarybecausethereisnologicalconnectionbetweenandmeaning.

a.senseb.soundsc.objectsd.ideas

a7.languagecanbeusedtorefertocontextsremovedfrom

theimmediatesituationsofthespeaker.thisfeatureis

called.

a.displacementb.dualityc.flexibilityd.culturaltransmissiond8.thedetailsofanylanguagesystemispassedonfromonegenerationtothenextthroughratherthanbyinstinct.

a.learningb.teachingc.booksd.bothaandb

c9.whichofthefollowingwordsisnotmotivated?

a.bangb.blackboardc.pend.meow

d10.whatisthefunctionofthesentence:

“hi!

howareyouthis

moring?

”

a.emotivefunctionb.conativefunction

c.poeticfunctiond.phaticfunction

iv.termsexplanation

1.linguistics

linguisticsisgenerallydefinedasthescientificstudyoflanguage.

2.language

languageisasystemofarbitraryvocalsymbolsusedfor

humancommunication

3.arbitrariness

arbitrarinessmeansthatthereisnologicalconnection

betweenmeaningsandsounds.

4.productivity

languageisproductiveorcreativeinthatitmakespossibletheconstructionandinterpretationofnewsignalsbyitsusers.

5.displacement

languagecanbeusedtorefertothingswhicharepresentornotpresent,realorimaginedmattersinthepast,present,orfuture,orinfarawayplaces.inotherwords,languagecanbeusedtorefertocontextsremovedfromtheimmediatesituationsofthespeaker.

6.langue

languerefersto