供应链管理 第三版 Unit10 习题与答案.docx
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供应链管理 第三版 Unit10 习题与答案.docx
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供应链管理第三版Unit10习题与答案
Chapter10
ManagingEconomiesofScaleintheSupplyChain:
CycleInventory
True/False
1.Cycleinventoryexistsbecauseproducingorpurchasinginlargelotsallowsastageofthesupplychaintoexploiteconomiesofscaleandincreasecost.
Answer:
False
Difficulty:
Moderate
2.Alotorbatchsizeisthequantitythatastageofthesupplychaineitherproducesorpurchasesatagiventime.
Answer:
True
Difficulty:
Moderate
3.Cycleinventoryisthephysicalinventoryinthesupplychainduetoeitherproductionorpurchasesdemandedbythecustomer.
Answer:
True
Difficulty:
Moderate
4.Theinventoryprofileisaplotdepictingthelevelofinventoryovertime.
Answer:
True
Difficulty:
Easy
5.Whendemandissteady,cycleinventoryandlotsizearerelatedasfollows:
CycleInventory=LotSizex2=Q*2.
Answer:
False
Difficulty:
Moderate
6.Lotsizesandcycleinventorydonotaffecttheflowtimeofmaterialwithinthesupplychain.
Answer:
False
Difficulty:
Easy
7.Averageflowtimeresultingfromcycleinventory=CycleInventory/Demand=Q/2D.
Answer:
True
Difficulty:
Moderate
8.Cycleinventoryisprimarilyheldtotakeadvantageofeconomiesofscaleandreduceprofitwithinthesupplychain.
Answer:
False
Difficulty:
Easy
9.Increasingthelotsizeorcycleinventoryoftendecreasesthecostincurredbydifferentstagesofasupplychain.
Answer:
True
Difficulty:
Moderate
10.Cycleinventoryexistsinasupplychainbecausedifferentstagesexploiteconomiesofscaletolowertotalcost.
Answer:
True
Difficulty:
Easy
11.Thecostsconsideredinlotsizingdecisionsincludematerialcost,fixedorderingcost,andmanufacturingcost.
Answer:
False
Difficulty:
Moderate
12.Thetotalannualcostisthesumofannualmaterialcost,annualordercost,andannualholdingcost,andisgivenasTC=CD+(D/Q)S+(Q/2)hC.
Answer:
True
Difficulty:
Moderate
13.
Theoptimallotsizeisreferredtoastheeconomicorderquantity(EOQ).ItisdenotedbyQ*andisgivenbytheequation:
Q*=2DS/hC.
Answer:
True
Difficulty:
Moderate
14.Totalorderingandholdingcostsareunstablearoundtheeconomicorderquantity.
Answer:
False
Difficulty:
Moderate
15.AfirmisoftenbetterservedbyorderingaconvenientlotsizeclosetotheeconomicorderquantityratherthanthepreciseEOQ.
Answer:
True
Difficulty:
Moderate
16.Ifdemandincreasesbyafactorofk,theoptimallotsizedecreasesbyafactorofk.
Answer:
False
Difficulty:
Hard
17.Toreducetheoptimallotsizebyafactorofk,thefixedordercostSmustbereducedbyafactorofk.
Answer:
False
Difficulty:
Moderate
18.Aggregatingacrossproducts,retailers,orsuppliersinasingleorderallowsforareductioninlotsizeforindividualproductsbecausefixedorderingandtransportationcostsarenowspreadacrossmultipleproducts,retailers,orsuppliers.
Answer:
True
Difficulty:
Moderate
19.Akeytoreducingcycleinventoryisthereductionoflotsize.
Answer:
True
Difficulty:
Easy
20.Akeytoreducinglotsizewithoutincreasingcostsistoreducetheholdingcostassociatedwitheachlot.
Answer:
False
Difficulty:
Moderate
21.Reductionoffixedcostmaybeachievedbyaggregatinglotsacrossmultipleproducts,customers,orsuppliers.
Answer:
True
Difficulty:
Easy
22.Adiscountisvolume-basedifthepricingscheduleoffersdiscountsbasedonthequantityorderedinasinglelot.
Answer:
False
Difficulty:
Hard
23.Adiscountisvolume-basedifthediscountisbasedonthetotalquantitypurchasedoveragivenperiod,regardlessofthenumberoflotspurchasedoverthatperiod.
Answer:
True
Difficulty:
Easy
24.Pricingscheduleswithallunitquantitydiscountsencourageretailerstoincreasethesizeoftheirlots,whichreducestheaverageinventoryandflowtimeinasupplychain.
Answer:
False
Difficulty:
Moderate
25.Marginalunitquantitydiscountshavealsobeenreferredtoasmulti-blocktariffs.
Answer:
True
Difficulty:
Moderate
26.Quantitydiscountsleadtoaminorbuildupofcycleinventoryinthesupplychain.
Answer:
False
Difficulty:
Moderate
27.Forcommodityproductswherepriceissetbythemarket,manufacturerscanuselotsizebasedquantitydiscountstoachievecoordinationinthesupplychainanddecreasesupplychaincost.
Answer:
True
Difficulty:
Moderate
28.Thesupplychainprofitishigherifeachstageofthesupplychainindependentlymakesitspricingdecisionswiththeobjectiveofmaximizingitsownprofit.
Answer:
False
Difficulty:
Moderate
29.Forproductswherethefirmhasmarketpower,two-parttariffscanbeusedtoachievecoordinationinthesupplychainandmaximizesupplychainprofits.
Answer:
True
Difficulty:
Moderate
30.Discountsrelatedtopricediscriminationwillbelotsizebased.
Answer:
False
Difficulty:
Hard
31.Pricediscriminationisthepracticewhereafirmchargesdifferentialpricestomaximizeprofits.
Answer:
True
Difficulty:
Easy
32.Thegoaloftradepromotionsistoinfluenceretailerstoactinawaythathelpstheretailerachieveitsobjectives.
Answer:
False
Difficulty:
Easy
33.Althoughaforwardbuyisoftentheretailer’sappropriateresponseandincreasestheirownprofits,itusuallyincreasesdemandvariabilitywitharesultingincreaseininventoryandflowtimeswithinthesupplychain.
Answer:
True
Difficulty:
Moderate
34.Tradepromotionsleadtoasignificantincreaseinlotsizeandcycleinventorybecauseofforwardbuyingbytheretailer.
Answer:
True
Difficulty:
Moderate
MultipleChoice
1.Cycleinventoryexistsbecauseproducingorpurchasinginlargelotsallowsastageofthesupplychainto
a.exploiteconomiesofscaleandraisecost.
b.exploiteconomiesofscaleandlowercost.
c.exploitcustomersandlowercost.
d.exploitcustomersandraisecost.
e.noneoftheabove
Answer:
b
Difficulty:
Easy
2.Thequantityofinventorythatastageofthesupplychaineitherproducesorpurchasesatagiventimeis
a.anorder.
b.ajob.
c.ashipment.
d.alotorbatch.
e.noneoftheabove
Answer:
d
Difficulty:
Easy
3.Theaverageinventoryinthesupplychainduetoeitherproductionorpurchasesinlotsizesthatarelargerthanthosedemandedbythecustomeris
a.annualinventory.
b.distributioninventory.
c.cycleinventory.
d.physicalinventory.
e.bandconly
Answer:
c
Difficulty:
Moderate
4.Agraphicalplotdepictingthelevelofinventoryovertimeis
a.aninventorygraph.
b.adistributioninventory.
c.aninventorydrawing.
d.aninventoryprofile.
e.aninventorypicture.
Answer:
d
Difficulty:
Moderate
5.Whendemandissteady,cycleinventoryandlotsizearerelatedas
a.CycleInventory=LotSizex2.
b.CycleInventory=Q*2.
c.CycleInventory=Q/2.
d.CycleInventory=LotSize=Q.
e.noneoftheabove
Answer:
c
Difficulty:
Moderate
6.Averageflowtimeresultingfromcycleinventoryisequalto
a.CycleInventory/Demand=Q/2.
b.CycleInventory/Demand=Q/2D.
c.CycleInventory=Q/2.
d.CycleInventory=LotSize=Q.
e.noneoftheabove
Answer:
b
Difficulty:
Moderate
7.Cycleinventoryisprimarilyheldto
a.takeadvantageofdiseconomiesofscaleandincreasecostwithinthesupplychain.
b.takeadvantageofdiseconomiesofscaleandreducecostwithinthesupplychain.
c.takeadvantageofeconomiesofscaleandincreasecostwithinthesupplychain.
d.takeadvantageofeconomiesofscaleandreducecostwithinthesupplychain.
e.Noneoftheabovearetrue.
Answer:
d
Difficulty:
Moderate
8.Whichofthefollowingisnotacostthatmustbeconsideredinanylotsizingdecision?
a.Averagepriceperunitpurchased,$C/unit
b.Fixedorderingcostincurredperlot,$S/lot
c.Holdingcostincurredperunitperyear,$H/unit/year=hC
d.Manufacturingcostperunit,$M/unit
e.Alloftheabovearecoststobeconsidered.
Answer:
d
Difficulty:
Moderate
9.Theprimaryroleofcycleinventoryistoallowdifferentstagesinthesupplychainto
a.purchaseproductinlotsizesthatmaximizethesumofthematerial,ordering,andholdingcost.
b.purchaseproductinlotsizesthatminimizethesumofthematerial,ordering,andholdingcost.
c.sellproductinlotsizesthatmaximizethesumofthematerial,ordering,andholdingcost.
d.sellproductinlotsizesthatminimizethesumofthematerial,ordering,andholdingcost.
e.noneoftheabove
Answer:
b
Difficulty:
Moderate
10.Economiesofscaleinpurchasingandorderingmotivateamanagerto
a.increasethelotsizeandcycleinventory.
b.decreasethelotsizeandcycleinventory.
c.eliminateinventory.
d.increasethelotsizeandreducecycleinventory.
e.noneoftheabove
Answer:
a
Difficulty:
Moderate
11.Whichofthefollowingisnotasituationinwhichanystageofthesupplychainexploitseconomiesofscaleinitsreplenishmentdecisions?
a.Afixedcostisincurredeachtimeanorderisplacedorproduced.
b.Aholdingcostisincurredeachperiodforeachunitofinventory.
c.Thesupplierofferspricediscountsbasedonthequantitypurchasedperlot.
d.Thesupplieroffersshort-termdiscountsorholdstradepromotions.
e.alloftheabove
Answer:
b
Difficulty:
Moderate
12.Thepricepaidperunitisreferredtoas
a.thematerialcostandisdenotedbyC.
b.thefixedorderingcostandisdenotedbyS.
c.theholdingcostandisdenotedbyH.
d.thepurchasepriceandisdenotedbyP.
e.noneoftheabove
Answer:
a
Difficulty:
Moderate
13.Allcoststhatdonotvarywiththesizeoftheorderbutareincurredeachtimeanorderisplacedarereferredtoas
a.thematerialcostandisdenotedbyC.
b.thefixedorderingcostandisdenotedbyS.
c.theholdingcostandisdenotedbyH.
d.thepurchasepriceandi
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