综合英语四unit2重点词汇整理解析.docx
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综合英语四unit2重点词汇整理解析.docx
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综合英语四unit2重点词汇整理解析
Unit2
pervasive [pərˈveɪsɪv]
1. ADJ-GRADED 遍布的;贯穿始终的;四处弥漫的
Something,especiallysomethingbad,thatis pervasive ispresentorfeltthroughoutaplaceorthing.
∙...the pervasive influenceofthearmyinnationallife...
在国民生活中军队的影响无处不在
∙Sheliveswitha pervasive senseofguilt. 她生活在深深的愧疚之中。
派生词:
N.pervasiveness
*Theconsistencyand pervasiveness ofthiseffectisstartling,perhapsevendisconcerting.
外表的这种作用始终存在、影响甚广,这实在令人惊讶,甚至烦恼不安.
Adv.pervasively
*Knowledgeisbeingused pervasively intheoveralleconomicsystem.
知识与资讯正全面渗透到整个经济运作过程中去.
tacit
1. ADJ 默认的;默许的;不言而喻的
Ifyourefertosomeone's tacit agreementorapproval,youmeantheyareagreeingtosomethingorapprovingitwithoutactuallysayingso,oftenbecausetheyareunwillingtoadmittodoingso.
∙Thequestionwasa tacit admissionthatamistakehadindeedbeenmade...
问这个问题实际上等于默认确实出了差错。
∙Therebelsenjoyedthe tacit supportofelementsinthearmy.
反叛分子得到了军队中部分势力的暗中支持。
派生词:
adv.tacitly
taciturn
1. ADJ-GRADED 寡言少语的;沉默寡言的;不苟言笑的
A taciturn persondoesnotsayverymuchandcanseemunfriendly.
∙A taciturn man,herepliedtomyquestionsinmonosyllables.
他寡言少语,回答我的问题时只是往外蹦单字。
underlying [ˌʌndərˈlaɪɪŋ]
1. ADJ 潜在的;隐藏的;深层的;根本的
The underlying featuresofanobject,event,orsituationarenotobvious,anditmaybedifficulttodiscoverorrevealthem.
∙Tostopaproblemyouhavetounderstandits underlying causes...
要想杜绝问题的发生,必须弄清它的深层原因。
∙Ithinkthatthe underlying problemiseducation,unemploymentandbadhousing.
我认为深层的问题在于教育、失业和糟糕的住房条件。
2. ADJ 表面下的;下层的
Youdescribesomethingas underlying whenitisbelowthesurfaceofsomethingelse.
∙...hillswiththehard underlying rockpokingthroughtheturf...
坚硬的下层岩石穿过草皮凸出来的山丘
∙Carswerecoveredwithclear-coatfinishatthefactorytoprotecttheunderlying paintfromfading工厂给汽车上了透明罩漆,以防底漆褪色
派生词:
underlie
1. VERB 为…的起因;构成…的基础
Ifsomething underlies afeelingorsituation,itisthecauseorbasisofit.
∙Trytofigureoutwhatfeeling underliesyouranger. 努力找出你的愤怒之下潜藏的情感。
∙...theenergywhichseemsto underlie allhumansuccess.
人类一切成功背后似乎都不可缺少的干劲
formidable[ˈfɔ:
rmɪdəbl]
1. ADJ-GRADED 可怕的;令人惊叹的;艰巨的
Ifyoudescribesomethingorsomeoneas formidable,youmeanthatyoufeelslightlyfrightenedbythembecausetheyareverygreatorimpressive.
∙Wehavea formidable taskaheadofus... 我们面临着一项艰巨的任务。
∙Marsalishasa formidable reputationinbothjazzandclassicalmusic...
马萨利斯在爵士乐和古典音乐领域都有极高的声望。
∙Shelookedeverybitas formidable ashermother.
她看上去和她母亲一样,令人望而生畏。
派生词:
formidablyadv
demonstrable [dɪˈmɑ:
nstrəbl]
1. ADJ 可证明的;可论证的;可表明的;明显的
A demonstrable factorqualitycanbeshowntobetrueortoexist.
∙Theroadsafetyprogrammeishavinga demonstrable effectonroadusers...
道路安全方案在道路使用者身上逐渐显现出明显的效果。
∙Despiteits demonstrable speedandsafety,theboatfailedtobecomepopular.
虽然其速度和安全性都可得到证明,但这种船还是不受欢迎。
派生词:
v.demonstrate
n.demonstration
n.demonstrator游行示威者; 证明者,示范者; 实物说明者;
adj.demonstrative公开表露感情的,感情外露的
stigma [ˈstɪɡmə]
1. N-VAR 耻辱;污名
Ifsomethinghasa stigma attachedtoit,peoplethinkitissomethingtobeashamedof.
∙Thereisastrongargumentforremaininganunmarriedmother.There'snostigma attachedanymore...
有强有力的理由来支持未婚妈妈。
这再也不是什么丢脸的事了。
∙Thereisverylittle stigma attachedtocrimeandcriminals.
人们几乎都不把犯罪和罪犯视为一种耻辱
派生词:
stigmatize[ˈstɪɡməˌtaɪz]
1. VERB 侮辱;污蔑;使蒙羞
Ifsomeoneorsomething isstigmatized,theyareunfairlyregardedbymanypeopleasbeingbadorhavingsomethingtobeashamedof.
∙Childreninsingle-parentfamiliesmustnotbestigmatised...
单亲家庭的孩子们不应该受到歧视。
∙TheAIDSepidemicfurtherstigmatisedgays...
艾滋病的流行让人们更加瞧不起男同性恋者。
∙Theyareoften stigmatizedbytherestofsocietyaslazyanddirty.
他们经常被社会中的其他人污蔑为懒惰、肮脏。
illuminate [ɪˈluməˌnet]
1. VERB 照亮;照明;照射
To illuminate somethingmeanstoshinelightonitandtomakeitbrighterandmorevisible.
∙Nostreetlights illuminatedthestreet...
这条街上没有照明的路灯。
∙Theblackskywas illuminatedbyforkedlightning.
叉状的闪电照亮了黑沉沉的天空。
2. VERB 阐释;说明
Ifyou illuminate somethingthatisunclearordifficulttounderstand,youmakeitclearerbyexplainingitcarefullyorgivinginformationaboutit.
∙Theyusegamesanddrawingsto illuminate theirsubject.
他们用游戏和图画来阐明他们的主题
派生词:
n.illuminator
n.illumination
adj.illuminating富于启发的
consternation [ˌkɑ:
nstərˈneɪʃn]
1. N-UNCOUNT 不安;忧虑;害怕
Consternation isafeelingofanxietyorfear.
∙Hisdecisioncaused consternation intheartphotographycommunity...
他的决定在艺术摄影圈内引起了恐慌。
∙Samstaredathimin consternation. 萨姆惊恐不安地注视着他。
派生词:
v:
consternate
amalgamate [əˈmælɡəˌmet]
1. V-RECIP-ERG (使)合并
Whentwoormorethings,especiallyorganizations, amalgamate or areamalgamated,theybecomeonelargething.
∙ThefirmhasamalgamatedwithanAmericancompany... 该公司和一家美国公司合并了。
∙Thechemicalcompanieshadamalgamatedintoavastconglomerate...
那些化学品公司已经合并成一个庞大的企业集团。
∙TheVisitors'CentreamalgamatesthetraditionsoftheOldWorldwiththetechnologyoftheNew. 来宾中心将欧洲的传统与美洲的技术结合在一起。
派生词:
n:
amalgamation
N:
amalgamator 合并者,汞合金搅拌机;
forefront [ˈfɔ:
rfrʌnt]
1. N-SING 显著地位;重要位置;最前沿
Ifyouareat theforefront ofacampaignorotheractivity,youhavealeadingandinfluentialpositioninit.
∙Theyhavebeenatthe forefront ofthecampaignforpoliticalchange.
他们一直处于政治变革运动的风口浪尖上。
2. N-SING (思考或关注的)重心,焦点
Ifsomethingis at theforefront of people'smindsorattention,theythinkaboutitalotbecauseitisparticularlyimportanttothem.
∙Thepensionissuewasnotatthe forefront ofhismindinthespringof1985.
在1985年春,养老金问题并非他关注的重点。
desegregate [ˌdi:
'seɡrɪɡeɪt]
1. VERB 废除(地区、机构或服务等)的种族隔离
To desegregate somethingsuchasaplace,institution,orservicemeanstoofficiallystopkeepingthepeoplewhouseitinseparategroups,especiallygroupsthataredefinedbyrace.
∙...effortsto desegregate sport... 为废除体育领域的种族隔离所作的努力
∙Theschoolsystemitselfisnottotally desegregated.
教育体系本身并没有完全废除种族隔离。
派生词:
n:
desegregation
subsequent [ˈsʌbsɪˌkwɛnt,-kwənt]
1. ADJ 随后的;后来的
Youuse subsequent todescribesomethingthathappenedorexistedafterthetimeoreventthathasjustbeenreferredto.
∙...theincreaseofpopulationin subsequent years... 随后几年人口的增长
∙Thoseconcernswereovershadowedby subsequent events.
随后发生的事使之前所关注的那些问题显得无足轻重。
2. PHRASE 在…之后;继…之后
Ifsomethinghappened subsequentto somethingelse,ithappenedafterthatthing.
∙Theywononlyonemoregame subsequent totheirCupsemi-finalwinlastyear.
继去年在杯赛半决赛中获胜后,他们仅又赢过一场比赛。
派生词:
n:
subsequence后继,随后,顺序
* Accordingtothelogical subsequence,itincludesthreeparts:
valueorientation,aimorientationandmethodorientation.
邓小平决策思想按其内在的逻辑顺序,可分为价值取向,目标取向和方法取向.
Adv:
subsequently
bigoted [ˈbɪɡətɪd]
1. ADJ-GRADED 固执的;执拗的;顽固不化的
Someonewhois bigoted hasstrong,unreasonableprejudicesoropinionsandwillnotchangethem,evenwhentheyareprovedtobewrong.
∙Hewas bigoted andracist. 他非常偏执,而且具有种族歧视思想。
派生词:
bigot [ˈbɪɡət]
1. N-COUNT 固执的人;执拗的人;顽固不化的人
Ifyoudescribesomeoneasa bigot,youmeanthattheyarebigoted.
bigotry [ˈbɪɡətri]
1. N-UNCOUNT 偏执;顽固
Bigotry isthepossessionorexpressionofstrong,unreasonableprejudicesoropinions.
∙Hedeploredreligious bigotry. 他强烈谴责了宗教偏执。
invidious [ɪnˈvɪdiəs]
1. ADJ-GRADED (任务、工作)招致不满的,引起反感的
Ifyoudescribeataskorjobas invidious,youmeanthatitisunpleasantbecauseitislikelytomakeyouunpopular.
∙Thelocalauthoritycouldfinditselfinthe invidious positionofhavingtorefuse.
当局可能会发现自己处于必须要拒绝但又会因此而不得人心的境地。
2. ADJ (比较、选择)不公平的,难以决定的
An invidious comparisonorchoicebetweentwothingsisanunfaironebecausethetwothingsareverydifferentorareequallygoodorbad.
∙Policeofficersfear invidious comparisons... 警官担心会进行不公正的比较。
∙Itis invidious tomakeaselection. 不相上下,很难选择。
派生词:
n:
invidiousness
Adv:
invidiously
posterity [pɑ:
ˈsterəti]
1. N-UNCOUNT 后裔;子孙;后代
Youcanrefertoeveryonewhowillbealiveinthefutureas posterity .
∙Aphotographerrecordedthesceneonvideofor posterity...
摄影师用摄像机为后代记录下了这个场景。
∙Washemakingthesenotesforthebenefitof posterity?
他写下这些笔记是为让后人受益吗?
派生词:
posterior[pɑ:
ˈstɪriə]
1. N-COUNT 臀部;屁股
Some-one'sbottomcanbereferredtoastheir posterior .
2. ADJ 背部的;后部的
Posterior describessomethingthatissituatedatthebackofsomethingelse.
∙...the posterior legmuscles. 腿部后侧的肌肉
adv:
posteriorly其次地,后来地
searing [ˈsɪrɪŋ]
1. ADJ 灼热的;强烈的
Searing isusedtoindicatethatsomethingsuchaspainorheatisveryintense.
∙Shewoketofeela searing paininherfeet. 她醒来感到脚上火辣辣地痛。
∙...the searing heatoftheSaudiArabiandesert. 沙特阿拉伯沙漠的灼热
2. ADJ-GRADED (言谈、文章)吹毛求疵的,尖刻的,苛责的
A searing speechorpieceofwritingisverycritical.
∙...searing criticism. 尖刻的批评
派生词:
Adv:
searingly
sear
1. VERB 烧掉…的表面;烧焦
To sear somethingmeanstoburnitssurfacewithasuddenintenseheat.
∙Grassfireshave searedthelandnearthefarmingvillageofBasekhai.
草地野火烧焦了巴斯克亥农庄附近的土地。
2. VERB 烧灼;灼伤;灼痛
Ifsomething sears apartofyourbody,itcausesapainfulburningfeelingthere.
∙Idistinctlyfelttheheatstartto sear mythroat. 我分明感觉到嗓子开始烧得难受。
depravity [dɪˈprævɪti]
1. N-UNCOUNT 堕落;腐化;道德败坏;邪恶
Depravity isverydishonestorimmoralbehaviour.
∙...therighteousstrugglebetweendecencyand depravity. 在高尚和堕落之间的道德挣扎
派生词:
n:
depravation
Childhoodwasnothingbut depravation andhumiliation. 堕落与羞辱充塞著他的童年.
deprave
1. VERB 使堕落;使腐化;使败坏;使邪恶
Somethingthat depraves someonemakesthemmorallybadorevil.
∙...materiallikelyto deprave orcorruptthosewhoseeit.
看了可能会使人腐化堕落的东西
allegation
1. N-COUNT 指控;指责
An allegation isastatementsayingthatsomeonehasdonesomethingwrong.
∙Thecompanyhasdeniedthe allegations... 公司否认了这些指控。
∙Allegationsofbrutalityandthefthavebeenlevelledatthearmy.
有人指责军队中存在着
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