高考考纲动词用法整理.docx
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高考考纲动词用法整理.docx
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高考考纲动词用法整理
高考考纲动词用法整理一
accept 接受,承认,同意
(通常指主观上接受)
对比:
receive强调客观收到的动作,不一定接受。
achieve 达到;取得
(指通过努力而获得成功或达到某种目的)(n.)achievement
achieveone’sgoal/aim
act 行动,做,做事,扮演
act/work/serveas 作为,充当,扮演
(n.)actor&actress;activity&action
takeactiontodo 采取行动
add 加,增加,接着说 add…to…
addto… 增加addup 加起来addupto总计
(n.)addition inaddition另外,此外
admire 钦佩,羡慕,赞美(n.)admiration
admit 承认,接收,让……进入(admitted)
admitdoingsth. 承认做某事
beadmittedinto 被录取
advance推进,促进 inadvance 提前,事先(adj.)advanced高级的,高等的
advise劝告,建议
advisedoing/advisesb.todo
/advisethat (虚拟语气)
对比:
persuade劝服
afford 负担得起,提供
agree 同意,赞成 agreetodosth. 同意去做 agreewithsb. 同意某人的意见
agreetosth.同意某种意见、建议
agreeonsth. 与某人达成一致意见
(n.)agreement
allow 准许,允许
allowsb.todosth./allowdoing
announce宣布,宣告,通知(强调郑重其事预先通知) (n.)announcement
apologise 道歉
apologisetosb.fordoingsth.
(n.)apology apologies(pl.)
appear出现,显得,好像(反disappear)(n.)appearance外表外貌
argue争论,争辩
arguewithsb.over/aboutsth.
(n.)argument论点,论据
ask askfor/asksb.forsth.
astonish 使…诧异 astonishment
attack v./n. beunder~ 遭到攻击
anair~ 空袭
attempt n./v.努力;尝试
~todosth.=makean~todosth.
inan~todosth.努力/尝试去做......
attend v.出席;照顾 attendantn.服务员 ~tosb./sth. 照料;从事;处理
attract vt.吸引
attractiveadj.有吸引力的;迷人的 attractionn.吸引(人的人或物)
beattractivetosb.吸引某人
beattractedtosth. 被......吸引
bake 烘烤
bargain v.讨价还价
n.讨价还价;便宜货 areal~ 便宜货
base n.基地;基础 vt.以......为基础
~AonB A以B为基础/依据
be~don以......为基础
be am/is/are/was/were/being/been
bear vt.忍受;承受(bore/born-borne)
Hecan’t~beinglookeddownupon.
HewasborninShanghai.
Theyhavebornethreechildren.
beat(beat,beat)v.打;击败
become/became/become link.v.系动词
beg v.乞讨;哀求 begging begged beggar n.乞丐 ~sb.forsth.
go~ging去乞讨
begin/began/begunv.
beginning beginner初学者
Wellbegun,halfdone.
良好的开端是成功的一半。
to~with首先=firstofall
inthebeginning atthebeginningof
believe vt. beliefn.信仰;信念
belong 属于
belongto 无被动无进行时态
bend/bent/bentv.弄弯
~oversth. 伏在......上面
bebentover......一心想/做
bite/bit/bit:
bittenv.咬
Neverbiteoffmorethanyoucanchew.
要量力而行
blame vt.责备
beto~(fordoingsth.)因......而应受责备 ~sb.fordoingsth. 因......而责备
Don’t~thechildforthebrokenglass.Itwasmyfault.
Iwonderwhoisto~forthebrokenglass.=Iwonderwhoto~forthebrokenglass.
blow/blew/blownv.吹~up爆炸 ~sth.up把......炸毁 ~...away把吹走
boil v. boilingwater在沸腾的水 boiledwater沸水 boilinghot超热
borrow 借出
break/broke/brokenv. ~down出故障;破除 ~up破坏;解散;开垦
~intosp.闯入;侵占
~thelaw/rule违反 ~one’spromise食言 ~away(of) 脱离
~forth/out爆发 ~off折断;突然中断
~open撬开 ~with与......断交
c.n.休息 take/havea~
bring/brought/broughtvt. ~sb.up抚养 ~sth.up呕吐;提出 bringsth.forward提出
broadcast/broadcast/broadcastvt.广播
~sth.live现场直播 Cf.cast/cast/cast forecast/forecast/forecast
build/built/builtvt.建造;建设 buildingn. ~...up建造 ~AintoB把A建成B
burn/burnt/burntv. ~sth.up烧光
~sth.totheground=~sthdown夷为平地 It’s~inghot.
burst vt.爆发;爆炸
~sth.up=blowsth.up炸掉 ~intotears/laughter/cheers
~out crying/laughing/cheering ~into...闯入
~forth=~out=breakforth=breakout爆发
bury vt.埋葬 burialn.葬礼
~ sb.alive活埋
buy/bought/boughtvt.
Iwon’t~yourstory.我才不信呢
call v./n. ~for请求;要求;需要;呼吁 ~atsp.参观 ~onsb.访问 ~...off取消
~out大声叫喊 ~forth...唤起;鼓起(勇气等) call(on)sb.todosth.号召
camp v.宿营 n.帐篷
gocamping去宿营
can 能,能够 could
care v. ~for...喜爱;关心;照管 ~ about...关心;顾虑
care n. take~of...照料;照看
take~当心;保重 underthe~of在...... with~=carefully小心地;慎重地 careless 粗心的
carry vt. ~sth.inone’sarms抱着 ~sth.onone’sback背着
~sth.inone’shands捧着
~sth.inone’shand拿着
~sth.out实施;执行
~...away带走;冲昏...的头脑
~sth.on继续下去
~through坚持到底
catch/caught/caught vt.抓住
~sb.=~upwithsb.追上
catchsightof突然看到 ~holdof突然抓住
~(a)cold得感冒
~sb.’sattention/eye吸引的注意力
~sb.doingsth.
becaughtinarain遭遇风雨等
becaughtin/betweenthetrees卡在树中
celebrate v.庆祝 celebrationn. ~ one’sbirthday/Christmas/Easter/NewYear’sDay(=mark/observe/keep)
change v./n.变化
~/turnAintoB 把A变成B
~trains/planes/clothes换车、飞机、衣服
~forthebetter/worse边得更好/坏
~with...随着......而变化 ~oneself=get~d换衣服
Great~shavetakenplaceinChinasincethereformandopeningupin1979.
charge v.收费;控告;冲锋 ~somemoney sb.forsth. He~dme$10forthebook.
~sb.with(doing)sth.
Hewas~dofsealingbooksfromthenewsstand.
n.主管;收费;控告;冲锋 in~of主管 inthe~of由......主管 freeof~免费的
chat 闲谈 chatting
clap v.n.拍(手)
climb 爬,攀爬
close 1a.亲密的;近,靠近ad.近,靠近close2vt.关,关闭
come (came,come)vi.来,来到
compare vt.比较,对照
complete v.完成
connect vt.连接,把……联系起来
consider vt.考虑
contain v.包含;包括;能容纳
continue vi.继续
correct v.改正;纠正a.正确的,对的;恰当的
cost (cost,cost)v.值(多少钱);花费
cure n.&vt.治疗;医好 cure…of…
could modalv.
(can的过去式)可以……;
(表示许可或请求)可以……,行
count vt.数,点数
cut (cut,cut)v.n.切,剪,削,割伤口
damage n.&vt.毁坏,损害
dare v.&aux.(后接不带to的不定式;主要用于疑问,否定或条件句)敢,敢于
decide v.决定;下决心
declare vt.声明;断言
defeat vt.击败;战胜
defend vt.防守;保卫
delay v.&n.拖延,延误,延迟,延期;耽搁
destroy vt.破坏,毁坏
determine vt.决定;决心
develop v.(使)发展;(使)发达;(使)发育;开发vt.冲洗(照片)
devote vt.把……奉献;把……专用(于)
deliver vt.投递(信件,邮包等)
demand vt.要求
depend vi.依靠,依赖,指望;取决于
describe vt.描写,叙述
die vi. dieof/from 死亡
(died,died,dying)
dig vt.(dugdugdigging)挖掘
disappoint vt.使失望disappointed/disappointing disappointment
discover vt.发现
discuss vt. 讨论
disturb vt. 打扰
dive vi.潜水
divide vt.divideinto划分
do (diddonedoing)
draw (drewdrawn)
dream vt.(dreamed/dreamt,dreamed/dreamt) dreamof
drink vt.(drankdrunk)
drive vt.(drovedriven)
drop vt.(droppeddropped)
drown 溺水
earn vt.earnone’sliving
eat vt.(ateeaten)
employ vt.雇佣hire/takeon employer/employee employment
op. fire/dismiss/layoff
encourage vt. encouragesbtodo鼓励 n.encouragement
enjoy vt. sth/doingsth
escape vi.from 逃跑
enter vt.进入
envy vt.羡慕,嫉妒
examine vt.检查
excuse vt. 原谅n.借口
exist vi.存在
expect todo/expectsbtodo 期望
explain vt.sthtosb/tosbsth 解释
exploit vt.开发
express vt.表达
fail vi.失败
fall (fellfallen)
fasten vt. 拴,系
feed vt.(fedfed)
feel (feltfelt) feellikedoing
fetch vt. 取回
fight vi.(foughtfought)
fill ~in 填写
find (foundfound)
finish vi.sth/doingsth
fly (flewflown)
float vi.漂浮
fix vt. fixone’sattentionon
flow vi.流动
fold vt.折叠
follow vt.跟随asfollows
forbid vt.(forbadeforbidden)
forbiddoing/sbtodo 禁止
force vt. forcesbtodo 强迫
forget (forgotforgotten)todo/doing
forgive (forgaveforgiven)forgivesbforsth原谅,宽恕
found vt.建立 founded/founded
freeze (frozefrozen)凝固,结冰
freezingcold冰冷
frighten vt.吓唬adj.frightened/frightening
fry vt.煎
gain vt.获得
gather vt.聚集 gathering集会
get vt.(gotgot)
mix mix A with B
mixture(n) 混合物
miss miss the early bus
miss the target
merry merry Christmas 圣诞快乐
mention Don't mention it.不用谢,别客气
not to mention=let alone
=still/much/even less 更不用说
may------(过去式)might
marry----married----married
marry sb=get married to sb(不可以和时间段连用)
be married to sb(可以和时间段连用,表示状态 )
(n) marriage 婚姻
manage
manage to do sth=succeed in doing sth 设法做到某事
try to do sth=attempt to do sth 设法做某事(未必成功)
I can manage it.我能行; 我能对付
manager (n)经理,管理者
Management(n)经营,管理
laugh burst into laughter 突然笑起来
burst out laughing 突然笑起来
laugh at 嘲笑
kill kill time 消磨时间
join join the army
join the Party
join in the game
invite invitation(n)邀请
invent invention(n) 发明
inventor(n)发明者
introduce 介绍,引进
introduce sb/oneself to sb
introduce sth into some place
An introduction to English Grammar 英语语法入门
interrupt 与disturb
interrupt 打断
disturb 打扰
insist
insist on(one`s)doing 坚持要求做某事
He insisted that he didn't break the law and insisted that he should be set free.
他坚持说他没有违法并坚持要求被释放
include 与contain
include 包括,强调范围
contain 包含,强调内容或成分
The basket contains many apples, including some green ones/some green ones included.
increase
increase to 增长到。
。
。
increase by 增长了。
。
。
improve (vi/vt) 使改善/提高,改善/提高
He has improved his health.
His health has been improving.
imagine imagine sb/sb's doing sth
imagine sb to be......
beyond imagination 超出想像
hire 近义词 employ/takeon/engage雇佣
反义词 fire/dismiss/layoff 解雇
hate hate to do sth/doing stb
I hate it when people are talking with their mouths full.
happen
happen to sb 某事发生在某人身上
It happens that ......碰巧。
。
。
Sb happens to do sth 某人碰巧做。
。
。
guess I guess so/not.
You guessed it.
greet greet sb with a smile
greeting(n) 问候,问候语(pl) (v/n)
Glance 一瞥,瞥见 (v) glance at
(n) take a glance at
at first glance
graduate (v) graduate from毕业于。
。
。
(n) high school graduates 高中毕业生
guard 警卫,哨兵;保卫,守卫
guide (v) 引导,指导
guide ~sb around some place
(n) 向导,领路人;指南,入门; a guide to grammar
hand (v) hand in
hand out
(n)give/lend sb a hand
=do sb a favor帮某人一个忙
head (v) head for 朝。
。
。
。
行进
(n) hit sb on the head
heat(v)He will heat
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