新视野视听说教程4听力文本及答案docx.docx
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新视野视听说教程4听力文本及答案docx.docx
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新视野视听说教程4听力文本及答案docx
Task2:
BigJohniscoming!
AbarownerintheOldWesthasjusthiredatimidbartende匸This(SI)owneroftheestablishmentisgivinghisnewhiresomeinstructionson(S2)runningtheplace・Hetellsthetimidman,“IfyoueverhearthatBigJohniscomingtotown,(S3)dropeverythingandrunforthehills!
He,sthebiggest,nastiest(S4)outlawwho'severlived!
"
Afewweekspass(S5)uneventfully.Butoneafternoon,alocalcowhandcomesrunningthroughtown(S6)yelling,“BigJohniscoming!
Runforyour(S7)lives!
"Whenthebartenderleavesthebartostartrunning,heisknockedtothegroundbyseveraltownspeoplerushingoutoftown.(S8)Ashe'spickinghimselfup,heseesalargeman,almostsevenfeettalkHe'smuscular,andisgrowingasheapproachesthebar.
Hestepsuptothedoor,ordersthepoorbarkeepinside,anddemands,“IwantabeerNOW!
,,
Hestrikeshisheavyfistonthebar,splittingitinhalf.(S9)Thebartendernervouslyhandsthebigmanabeer,handsshaking.Hetakesthebeer,bitesthetopofthebottleoff,anddownsthebeerinonegulp.
Astheterrifiedbartenderhidesbehindthebar,thebigmangetsuptoleave,"Doyouwantanotherbeer?
"thebartenderasksinatremblingvoice・
"Dangit,IdorTthavetime!
”thebigmanyells,(S10)“Igottogetoutoftown!
Don,tyouhearBigJohniscoming?
"
Task3:
AViewofHappiness
Dr.Smithhasproposedareasonable,ifperhapssomewhatoversimplifies,viewofhappiness・Accordingtohistheory,happinessmightbedescribedasastateofbalance.Andwhenhumanorcertainanimalsachievethatbalance,theytendtoremaininthatconditioninordertorepeatthehappyfeeling.
Toillustratethis,wemaystudytheactionoftwomagnets.Whentheirpositiveandnegativepolesmeet,theyarecomfortablyjoined,andtheyremainthere.Inotherwords,theyhaveattainedabalanceorstateofhappiness.Ifontheotherhand,oneofthepolesisreversed,andpositivepoleispressesagainstpositivepole,thereisresistance,instability,imbalanceastateofunhappiness・
Animalswithsomedegreeofintelligenceseemtofindhappinessinreinforcement.Oncetheyhavegainedoneormoreoftheirgoalssuchasfood,andwater,theylearntorepeattheactionsthatledtosatisfactionofthosegoals.Thisrepetitionorreinforcementproducesastateofbalanceorsenseofhappiness・
Accordingtothistheory,onlyanimalswithasignificantcapacitytolearnshouldbeabletoexperiencehappiness.Butintruthlearningcantakeplacethroughsurprisinglysimpleshort-termactionsuchasscratchinganitch,followedbypleasure,followedbymorescratching,andsoon.Thuslearningcanoccurwithalmostnoconsciousthought.
Forhumanbeings,blessedwiththeabilitytoreason,goalsarenotlimitedtotheshort-termsatisfactionofneeds.Indeed,thereisastronglinkbetweenhappinessandthefulfillmentoflong-termgoals.Evenifhumanstriveforgoalsthataremore
complexandlonger-termthantheanimals9goals,oncethosegoalsaregained,happinessisreinforced.
Task2:
TheVoiceLift
Aftertheface-lift,theforeheadtightened,andthe(SI)nosejob,somethingstillmightberevealingyourage:
your(S2)voice.
Forpatientswhothinktheirtrembly,hoarsewordsdon't(S3)matchtheirnewlyfaceandfigure,there5saprocedurethatclaimstomakethem(S4)soundyoungertoo:
thevoicelift.
Therearetwogeneralkindsofvoicelifts.Insomecases,implants(S5)insertedthroughanincisioninthe(S6)neckbringthevocalcordsclosertogether.Doctorsalsouseinjectionsof(S7)fatorothersubstancestoplumpupthecords,sothatthevoicesoundsyounge匚
(S8)Thevoiceliftisbecomingmorewidelyknownamonganagingpopulationwhotrytomakethemselvessoundyounger.
“Ispeakinagreatdeal,orIwasshouting,onaparticularday,attheendoftheday,Iwouldfeelexhausted,saidRobertBrown,75,(S9)aretiredconstructionengineerwhounderwentthevoiceliftseveralyearsag(x“Idon,tknowifIsoundyounger,butthehoarsenessisgone,whichissuchagreatimprovement:
(S10)VoiceliftcanalsobenefitpeoplelikeperfomieFS,lawyers,teachers,andtelephoneoperatorswhoneedtohaveastrongvoiceandhopetoshaveyearsoffthesoundoftheirvoice・
Task3:
AViewofHappiness
Menareturningtoplasticsurgeryandcosmeticprocedurestobrightenuptheirappearancesatafasterratethanwomen,accordingtoasurveyreleasedonWednesday.
Men'suseoffatinjectionstosoftendeepwrinklesleaped47percentlastyearfromthepreviousyear.Women'suseoftheinjectionsfell36percent,accordingtoasurveybytheAmericanAcademyofFacialandPlasticReconstructiveSurgeons.
Men'suseofbotoxinjectionstoeliminatefrownlinesrose88percent,whilewomerfsbotoxusefell8percent.
Andforsmoothingskin,theuseoflaserresurfacingamongmenrose13percent,thesurveyshowed.Meanwhile,womerfsuseoflaserresurfacingdropped38percentduringthesametimeperiod・
Thenumberofmengettingnosejobsrose47percent,whilethenumberofwomendoingsorose5percent・
Typically,menandwomenvisitingplasticsurgeonsforcosmeticreasonswereage40to59.
Thestudysaid44percentofmenand57percentofwomentelltheirdoctorthatlookingyoungeristhereasontheyarechoosingcosmeticsurgery.
Byabout18percent,menaremorelikelythanwomentosaytheywantfacialcosmeticsurgeryforwork-relatedreasons.
ThestudywasconductedbywrittenquestionnairesfromJanuary20toMarch3amongmorethan2,600membersoftheassociation,whofocusontreatmentoftheface,head,andneck.
Bycomparison,inthepreviousyear,womensuseofbotoxrose60percentwhilemen,sfell14percent;women'suseoflaserresurfacingrose13percentwhilemen'sfell19percent;women'suseoffatinjectionsfell17percentandmen'sfell54percent.
Task2:
FloodinginHaitiandtheDominicanRepublic
Thedeathtoocontinuesto(SI)climbfromlastweek'sfloodinginHaitiandtheDominicanRepublic・TheU.S.AgencyforInternationalDevelopment(S2)reportsthatatleast1,068peoplearedead,1,600are(S3)missing,and25,000areinneedofemergencyfoodandotherformsof(S4)assistance.InDominicanRepublic,414aredeadand274aremissing,allfromthetownofJimani.
Akey(S5)factorinthewidespreaddestructionistheextensivedeforestationandthe(S6)presenceofsettlementsalongthefloodplainsofrivers.
Thefloodingwasdrivenbyintenserainfall.Alow-pressuresystem(S7)originatinginCentralAmericabroughtexceptionallyheavyrainandthunderstormstoHaitiandtheDominicanRepublicfromMay18to25.(S8)Rainfallexceeded500mm(of19.7inches)alongtheborderareasofHaitiandtheDominicanRepublicduringthatperiod.AtthetownofJimani,DominicanRepublic,250mm(or10inches)ofrainfellinjust24hours,causingtheSolieRivertooverflowitsbanksfromMay24to25.Theheavyrainfallresultedinflashfloodingandextensivedebrisflowedovertheentireregion.Swollenriversanddebriscutoffmanyoftheroadstraversingtheareaalongthebaseofthemountains.(S9)Thismadeitdifficultforhumanitarianreliefworkertorescuestrandedpeopleanddeliverbadly.
Nowpeoplewanttoknow:
Howoftendofloodsandrelatedlandmassmovementalso
causedlandsidesinafewplaces.(SlO)AnalysisofthepastdateshowsthatmajorfloodsintheDominicanRepublicandHaitiarenowaneaoannualevent.Since1986,twelvelethaleventshaveoccurredontheisland.
Task3:
ABlizzard
Ablizzardisaseverweatherconditioncharacterizedbylowtemperaturesandstrongwinds,greaterthan15milesperhour,bearingagreatamountofsnow.
Becausethefactorsforclassifyingwinterstormsarecomplex,therearemanydifferentdefinitionsofwhatablizzardtrulyis.Butitisgenerallyagreedthatinordertobeclassifiedasablizzard,asopposedtomerelyawinterstorm,theweathermustmeetseveralconditions・Thestormmustdecreasevisibilitytoaquarterofamileforthreehoursrunning.Includesnoworiceasprecipitation,andhavewindspeedofatleast32milesperhour,whichmeansForce7ormoreontheWindScale・
Anotherstandard,accordingtoEnvironmentCanada,isthatthewinterstormmusthavewindsof40kilometersperhourormi=ore,plentyofsnow,visibilitylessthan1kilometer,atemperatureoflessthan・25degreesCelsius,andalloftheseconditionsmustlastfor4hoursormore,beforethestormcanproperlybecalledablizzard.
Whenalltheseconditionscontinueaftersnowhasstoppedfalling,thestormisreferredtoasagroundblizzard・
Anextensiveformofblizzardisawhiteout,whenthedowndrafts,togetherwithsnowfall,becomesoseverthatitisimpossibletodistinguishthegroundfromtheair.Peoplecaughtinawhiteoutcanquicklybecomedisoriented,losingtheirsenseofupanddownaswellastheirsenseofdirection.Severeblizzardcanalsooccuralongwith
arcticcyclones.
Task2:
SOHO
Themodernconceptofsmallofficeandhomeoffice,orsmallandhomeoffice,often(SI)shortedtoSOHO,isconcernedwithbusinessthatemployfromonetotenworkers・Also(S2)knownasavirtualbusiness,theSOHOhasnotevolvedbeyondtheideaofan(S3)independentbusinesspersonwhohasafewsupportstallmembers.
Business(S4)enterprisesthatarelargeareoftencalledSmallandMedium-sizedEnterprises.
Beforethe19thcenturyandthe(S5)spreadoftheindustrialrevolutionaroundtheglobe,(S6)nearlyallofficesweresmallofficesorhomeoffices,withonlyafewexceptions.Mostbusinessesweresmall,and(S7)sowastheamountofpaperworkthatwentwiththeirbusinessactivities・
Attheendofthe20thcenturyandthebeginningofthe21st,theterm"Smallor
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