湖南省永州市中考英语试题解析版.docx

湖南省永州市中考英语试题解析版.docx

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湖南省永州市中考英语试题解析版

永州市2021年初中学业水平考试

英语（试题卷）

第一部分听力技能（共两节，计20分）

第一节（共5分，每小题1分）听下面五段材料，每段材料后各有1个小题，从各小题所给的A、B、C三个选顶中选出最佳答案，井标在试卷的相应位置。

听每段材料前，你将有时间阅读各个小题，每小题5秒钟。

听完后，各小题将给出5秒钟的作答时间。

1.WhatisGracedoingnow?

2.What’sthematerwiththewoman?

3.WhatdoesAlicedoafterschool?

4.Whereisthewatchmade?

5.HowdoesKategotoschool?

第二节（共15分，每小题1分）听下面六段材料，每段材料后各有几个小题，从各小题所给的A、B、C三个选顶中选出最佳答案，井标在试卷的相应位置。

听每段材料前，你将有时间阅读各个小题，每小题5秒钟。

听完后，各小题将给出5秒钟的作答时间。

听第一段材料，回答第6~7小题。

6.Wheredoesthemanwanttogo?

A.Abank.B.Ahotel.C.Asupermarket.

7.Howfarisitfromheretothedestination（目的地）?

A.About4kilometers.B.About4kilometers.C.About6kilometers.

听第二段材料，回答第8~9小题。

8.WhatkindofmusicdoesJanelooklike?

A.Pop.B.Rock.C.Country.

9.Whenshalltheymeet?

A.At2:

00p.m.B.At2:

30p.m.C.At3:

00p.m.

听第三段材料，回答第10~11小题。

10.Whatdoesthemanwanttobuy?

A.Shirts.B.Coats.C.Skirts.

11.Howmuchwillthewomanpayforthegifts?

A.20dollars.B.35dollars.C.40dollars.

听第四段材料，回答第12~14小题。

12.HowwastheweatheronSaturday?

A.Sunny.B.Cloudy.C.Rainy.

13.WhatdidMarydoonSundayafternoon?

A.Shevisitedhergrandparents.

B.Sheplayedwithherbrother.

C.Shevolunteeredinanoldpeople’shome.

14.WhatdidMikethinkwasthemostdelicious?

A.SaladB.Cake.C.Popcorn.

听第五段材料，回答第15~17小题。

15.WhatsubjectsshouldLucystudyhard?

A.Mathandscience.B.Medicineandchemistry.C.Mathandchemistry.

16.WhatdoesBobwanttobe?

A.Aninventor.B.Adoctor.C.Ateacher.

17.WhatdoesBobthinkofmedicine?

A.Different.B.Fun.C.Easy.

听第六段材料，回答第18~20小题。

18.Howdoesreadingmakeusfeel?

A.Happy.B.Tired.C.Bored

19.Whymaygoodreadersbecomegoodwriters?

A.Becausetheycanreadabookanywhere.

B.Becausetheirschoolworkmaybecomebetter.

C.Becausetheymayhavemorethingstowriteabout.

20.Whatdoesthepassagemainlytellus?

A.Readingisagoodhobby.B.ReadingisFun.C.Howtoreadfaster.

第二部分阅读技能（共两节，计50分）

第一节阅读选择（共40分，每小题2分）阅读下面的材料，从每小题所给的A、B、C三个选项中，选出最佳答案，并在件答题卡上将该编号字母涂黑。

A

China’sunbelievablehigh-speedrailnetwork

Atthebeginningofthe21stcenturyChinahadnohigh-speedrailways.Slow,crowdedandoftenuncomfortabletrainsranacrossthisvastcountry,withlowaveragespeedsmakingjourneyssuchasShanghai-Beijingatestoftravel.

Today,it’sacompletelydifferentpicture.With37,900kilometersoflines,linkingallofitsmajorbigcities.Chinahastheworld’slargestworkofhigh-speedrailways.Halfofthattotalhasbeencompletedinthelastfiveyearsalone,withafurther3,700kilometersduetoopeninthecomingmonthsof2021.Thenetworkisexpectedtodoubleinlengthagain,to70,000kilometers,by2035.

1.HowwerethetrainsinChinaatthebeginningofthe21stcentury?

A.Fast.B.Comfortable.C.Crowded.

2.Howmanykilometersoflinesareduetoopeninthecomingmonthsof2021?

A.3,700.B.37,900.C.70,000.

【答案】1.C2.A

【解析】

【分析】文章通过今昔对比介绍了中国高铁的发展。

【1题详解】

细节理解题。

根据“Atthebeginningofthe21stcenturyChinahadnohigh-speedrailways.Slow,crowdedandoftenuncomfortabletrainsranacrossthisvastcountry...”可知，21世纪初，中国的铁路是缓慢、拥挤，而且常常让人不舒服的，故选C。

【2题详解】

细节理解题。

根据“withafurther3,700kilometersduetoopeninthecomingmonthsof2021.”可知，在2021年的未来几个月里，有3,700公里的线路将要开通，故选A。

B

3.41.0%ofkidsaged________usetheInternet.

A.5—9B.10—13C.14—17

4.Whatpercentageofkidsgetsnewsorinformationonline?

A.89%.B.76%.C.38%.

5.Whatdo43%ofkidsusuallydoontheInternet?

A.Playgames.B.Buybooks.C.Sendorreceiveinstantmessages.

【答案】3.A4.B5.B

【解析】

【分析】文章是对不同年龄段的孩子上网所占比的介绍以及孩子们喜欢在网上做的事情的统计表。

【3题详解】

细节理解题。

根据图表一中41.0%对应的是5—9岁的孩子，故选A。

【4题详解】

细节理解题。

根据右侧表格中“Goonlinetogetnewsorinformation...”对应的是76%，故选B。

【5题详解】

细节理解题。

根据右侧表格中43%对应的内容“Buythings...suchasbooks,clothing...”可知，43%的孩子通常在网上买书，故选B。

C

Canagreenmachinehelptheworld’spoorestkidslearnbetter?

NicholasNegropontethinksso.Heandhisteamofscientistshaveinventedanewtypeofcomputer.Asaresult,manychildrenwholiveinpoverty（贫穷）willhavetheirownlaptopcomputers!

Negroponteworksatauniversity.HestartedagroupcalledOneLaptopPerChild（OLPC）.ThepeopleatOLPCdon’tworkformoney.Theyworktohelpchildrenlearn.OLPCmakescomputersthatdon’tcostalot.Thentheysellthemachinestogovernmentsofcountriesthathavemanypeopleliveinpoverty.Thegovernmentsthengivethecomputestokidsforfree.

TheXOLaptopcomputersaremadeforschool-agedchildrenindevelopingnations.Manyofthesechildrenliveinfarawayareasandgotoschoolswithclassrooms.Inordertowork,thelaptopshavetobelastingandstudent-friendly.

Themachineshavemanyfuncharacterslikeabuilt-invideocamera,voicerecording,andgames.TheWiFiletsstudentsshareinformationontheWebandreade-books.Theyalsocanmakemusicandchatwithfriends.

Anothergreatcharacteristhatitcanlastforalongtime.Itcanbehandchargedandalsocanberechargedbyconnectingtoasolarpanel.BecauseofthesecharacterstheXOlaptopsmakelearningfunwhilehelpingtheenvironment.

Thecomputershaveacolorfulname—“thegreenmachine”.Negropontethinkstheycouldmakeadifferenceinthelivesofmillionsofkids.Hesays,“Everyproblemyoucanthinkof—poverty,peace,theenvironment—issolvedwitheducation.”

OLPCplanstogiveoutovertenmillioncomputersinthenextfewyears.KidsinThailand,Nigeria,Brazil,andArgentinawillgetmostofthem.ChinaandEgyptalsowanttotakepartintheprogram.Afterthat,Negropontehopestosellcomputerstoothercountrieswithhighpoverty.

6.Negropontethinkshislaptopcomputerswillhelptheworld’spoorestkidsto________.

A.workathomeB.gotoschoolontimeC.learnbetter

7.WhatcanweknowaboutthepeopleatOLPCaccordingtoParagraph2?

A.Theyworkformoney.

B.Theygivecomputerstokidsforfree.

C.Theysellcomputerstogovernmentswithmanypeoplelivinginpoverty.

8.WhydoXOlaptopsmakelearningfunwhilehelpingtheenvironment?

A.Becausetheyarelastingandstudent-friendly.

B.Becausetheyaremadeforschool-agedchildren.

C.Becausetheyhaveacolorfulname.

9.Whatdoestheunderlinedword“charged”meaninChinese?

A.携带B.充电C.使用

10.Whowillgetmostofthecomputersinthenextfewyears?

A.KidsinThailand.B.KidsinChina.C.KidsinEgypt.

【答案】6.C7.C8.A9.B10.A

【解析】

【分析】本文是一篇说明文。

主要介绍了Negroponte和他的科学团队发明了一种新型电脑，这个绿色机器能帮助世界上贫穷的孩子更好地学习。

【6题详解】

细节理解题。

根据“Canagreenmachinehelptheworld’spoorestkidslearnbetter?

NicholasNegropontethinksso.Heandhisteamofscientistshaveinventedanewtypeofcomputer.”可知，Negroponte认为他的电脑可以帮助最穷困的孩子更好的学习。

故选C。

【7题详解】

细节理解题。

根据第二段“OLPCmakescomputersthatdon’tcostalot.Thentheysellthemachinestogovernmentsofcountriesthathavemanypeopleliveinpoverty.Thegovernmentsthengivethecomputestokidsforfree.”可知，他们把这些电脑卖给那些有很多人生活在贫困中的国家的政府。

然后政府将这些计算机免费提供给孩子们。

故选C。

【8题详解】

细节理解题。

根据“Themachineshavemanyfuncharacterslikeabuilt-invideocamera...Theyalsocanmakemusicandchatwithfriends.”和“Anothergreatcharacteristhatitcanlastforalongtime”可知，因为这种机器持续时间长，而且可以供学生娱乐，所以有趣。

故选A。

【9题详解】

词义猜测题。

根据“...alsocanberechargedbyconnectingtoasolarpanel”可知，此处的“charged”指的是充电，故选B。

【10题详解】

细节理解题。

根据“OLPCplanstogiveoutovertenmillioncomputersinthenextfewyears.KidsinThailand,Nigeria,Brazil,andArgentinawillgetmostofthem.”可知，泰国、尼日利亚、巴西和阿根廷的孩子将获得其中大部分，故选A。

D

Dogsmighthavethelatesttoolsinthefightagainstcancer（癌症）;theirnoses!

ResearchersatCalifornia’sPineStreetFoundation（PSF）saytheyhavetrainedfivedogstosmellcanceronaprison’sbreath.Thiscouldbeexcitingnews.

Adog’ssenseofsmellmaybe10,000to100,000timesstrongerthanours.Butcandogsreallysmellillness?

PSFresearcherMichaelMcCullochsaysyes.“Wewereverysurprisedbyhowexacttheywere,”hesaid.“Theyweretellingwhohadcancer,andtheywerealsosayingwhodidn’t.”

DogsinthePineStreetFoundationtestweretrainedtositwhentheysmelledcancer.Howwelldidtheyperform?

Takealookatthischarttofindout.

BreathSample

NumberofTimestheDogsSatdown

NumberofTimestheDogsKeptStanding

Breathfromlungcancerpatients

564

10

Breathfromhealthypersons

4

708

McCullochandhisteamaskedfourhealthypeopleandonewithcancertoblowintoplastictubes（塑料管）.Specialmaterialsinthetubeskeptthethingsofeachbreath.Thetubeswerethenplacedoneyardapart.Finally,thedogswereallowedtosmellthetubes.Eachdoghadbeentrainedforthreeweekstositwhenitsmelledcancer.Ninety-ninepercentofthetime,thedugsatnexttothetubesblownintobypatientswithlungcancer.Thedogswereright88percentofthetimeaboutbreastcancer.

Nolabtestforcancerhasgivenmorecorrectresultsthanthistest.Theresultsaresoamazingthatmanyexpertsquestionthedogs’smellingpower.Theywonderiftherewereotherreasonswhythedogsdidsowell.Forexample,theythoughtthewaythedogtrainersbehavedcouldhaveinfluencedhowthedogsacted.However,mostexpertsagreethatthisstudyisimportant.Theinformationcouldhelpscientistscreateasimplebreathtestforcancerinthefuture.Onceagain,humansmaybegettingahelpingpawornose—fromtheirbestanimalfriends.

11.What’sthelatesttooladogmighthaveinthefightagainstcancer?

A.Tooth.B.Nose.C.Ear.

12.WhathappenedfirstinthePineStreetFoundationtest?

A.Thedogsweretrained.B.Thetubeswereplacedoneyardapart.

C.Thedogssmelledthetubes.

13.Whatwasadogsupposedtodowhenitsmelledcancer?

A.Smellagai