甘肃省甘谷县第一中学高三第四次检测考试英语英语.docx
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甘肃省甘谷县第一中学高三第四次检测考试英语英语.docx
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甘肃省甘谷县第一中学高三第四次检测考试英语英语
甘肃省甘谷县第一中学
2017届高三第四次检测考试
英语试题
本试卷分第I卷(选择题)和第II卷(非选择题)两部分。
全卷满分150分,考试时间120分钟。
第I卷(共70分)
第一部分选择题
第一节.阅读理解(共15题,每小题2分,共30分)
A
ThePacificislandnationofNauruusedtobeabeautifulplace.Nowitisanecologicaldisasterarea.Nauru’sheartbreakingstorycouldhaveonegoodconsequence—othercountriesmightlearnfromitsmistakes.
Forthousandsofyears,PolynesianpeoplelivedontheremoteislandofNauru,farfromwesterncivilization.ThefirstEuropeantoarrivewasJohnFearnin1798.HewastheBritishcaptainoftheHunter,awhalingship.HecalledtheislandPleasantIsland.
However,becauseitwasveryremote,NauruhadlittlecommunicationwithEuropeansatfirst.Thewhalingshipsandothertradersbegantovisit,bringinggunsandalcohol.Theseelementsdestroyedthesocialbalanceofthetwelvefamilygroupsontheisland.Aten-yearcivilwarstarted,whichreducedthepopulationfrom1,400to900.
Nauru’srealtroublesbeganin1899whenaBritishminingcompanydiscoveredphosphate(磷酸盐)ontheisland.Infact,itfoundthattheislandofNauruwasnearlyallphosphate,whichisaveryimportantfertilizerforfarming.Thecompanybeganminingthephosphate.
Aphosphatemineisnotaholeintheground;itisastripmine.Whenacompanystrip-mines,itremovesthetoplayerofsoil.Thenittakesawaythematerialitwants.Stripminingtotallydestroystheland.Gradually,thelovelyislandofNaurustartedtolooklikethemoon.
In1968,Naurubecameoneoftherichestcountriesintheworld.Everyyearthegovernmentreceivedmillionsandmillionsofdollarsforitsphosphate.
Unfortunately,theleadersinvestedthemoneyunwiselyandlostmillionsofdollars.Inaddition,theyusedmillionsmoredollarsforpersonalexpenses.Soonpeoplerealizedthattheyhadaterribleproblem—theirphosphatewasrunningout.Ninetypercentoftheirislandwasdestroyedandtheyhadnothing.By2000,Nauruwasfinanciallyruined.Expertssaythatitwouldtakeapproximately$433,600,000andmorethan20yearstorepairtheisland.Thiswillprobablyneverhappen.
1.Whatmightbetheauthor’spurposeinwritingthetext?
A.ToseekhelpforNauru’sproblems.B.Togiveawarningtoothercountries
C.ToshowtheimportanceofmoneyD.Totellaheartbreakingstoryofawar.
2.WhatwasNaurulikebeforetheEuropeanscame?
A.RichandpowerfulB.Modernandopen
C.PeacefulandattractiveD.Greedyandaggressive
3.WhichofthefollowingwasacauseofNauru’sfinancialproblem?
A.ItsleadersmisusedthemoneyB.Itspenttoomuchrepairingtheisland
C.ItsphosphateminingcostmuchmoneyD.Itlostmillionsofdollarsinthecivilwar.
4.WhatcanwelearnaboutNaurufromthelastparagraph?
A.Theecologicaldamageisdifficulttorepair.
B.Theleaderswilltaketheexperts’wordsseriously.
C.TheislandwasabandonedbytheNauruans
D.Thephosphateminesweredestroyed
B
OneofthegreatestcontributionstothefirstOxfordEnglishDictionarywasalsooneofitsmostunusual.In1879,OxfordUniversityinEnglandaskedProf.JamesMurraytoserveaseditorforwhatwastobethemostambitiousdictionaryinthehistoryoftheEnglishlanguage.ItwouldincludeeveryEnglishwordpossibleandwouldgivenotonlythedefinitionbutalsothehistoryofthewordandquotations(引文)showinghowitwasused.
Thiswasahugetask.SoMurrayhadtofindvolunteersfromBritain,theUnitedStates,andtheBritishcoloniestosearcheverynewspaper,magazine,andbookeverwritteninEnglish.Hundredsofvolunteersresponded,includingWilliamChesterMinor.Dr.MinorwasanAmericanSurgeonwhohadservedintheCivilWarandwasnowlivinginEngland.Hegavehisaddressas“Broadmoor,Crowthorne,Berkshire,”50milesfromOxford.
MinorjoinedthearmyofvolunteerssendingwordsandquotationstoMurray.Overthenextyears,hebecameoneofthestaff’smostvaluedcontributors.
Buthewasalsoamystery.Inspiteofmanyinvitations,hewouldalwaysdecline(拒绝)tovisitOxford.Soin1897,MurrayfinallydecidedtotraveltoCrowthornehimself.Whenhearrived,hefoundMinorlockedinabook-linedcellattheBroadmoorAsylum(精神病院)fortheCriminallyInsane.
MurrayandMinorbecamefriends,sharingtheirloveofwords.Minorcontinuedcontributingtothedictionary,sendinginmorethan10,000submissionsin20years.MurraycontinuedtovisitMinorregularly,sometimestakingwalkswithhimaroundtheasylumgrounds.
In1910,MinorleftBroadmoorforanasyluminhisnativeAmerica.Murraywasattheporttowavegoodbyetohisremarkablefriend.
Minordiedin1920,sevenyearsbeforethefirsteditionoftheOxfordEnglishDictionarywascompleted.The12volumesdefined414,825words,andthousandsofthemwerecontributionsfromaveryscholarlyanddevotedasylumpatient.
5.Accordingtothetext,thefirstOxfordEnglishDictionary_________.
A.cameoutbeforeminordied
B.waseditedbyanAmericanvolunteer
C.includedtheEnglishwordsinventedbyMurray
D.wasintendedtobethemostambitiousEnglishdictionary
6.HowdidDr.Minorcontributedtothedictionary?
A.HehelpedMurraytofindhundredsofvolunteers.
B.Hesentnewspapers,magazinesandbookstoMurray.
C.Heprovidedagreatnumberofwordsandquotations
D.HewenttoEnglandtoworkwithMurray.
7.WhichofthefollowingbestdescribeDr.Minor?
A.BraveanddeterminedB.Cautiousandfriendly
C.ConsiderateandoptimisticD.Unusualandscholarly
8.Whatdoesthetextmainlytalkabout?
A.ThehistoryoftheEnglishlanguage.
B.ThefriendshipbetweenMurrayandMinor
C.MinorandthefirstOxfordEnglishDictionary
D.BroadmoorAsylumanditspatients
C
SanFranciscohasitscablecars.SeattlehasitsSpaceNeedle.And,Longviewhasitssquirrelbridge.Thebridge,whichhasattractedinternationalattention,isnowalocallandmark.
TheNuttyNarrowsBridgewasbuiltin1963byalocalbuilder,AmosPeters,togivesquirrelsawaytocrossthebusyroadwithoutgettingflattenedbypassingcars.
TheoriginalbridgewasbuiltoverOlympiaWayonthewestedgeofthelibrarygrounds.Beforethebridgewasbuilt,squirrelshadtoavoidtraffictoandfromtheParkPlazaofficebuildingwhereofficestaffputoutanuttyfeastforthesquirrels.Manytimes,PetersandotherswhoworkedinandnearParkPlazawitnessedsquirrelsbeingrunover.
OnedayPetersfoundadeadsquirrelwithanutstillinitsmouth,andthatday’scoffeebreakdiscussionturnedintosquirrelsafety.ThegroupofbusinessmencookedupthesquirrelbridgeideaandformedacommitteetoasktheblessingoftheCityCouncil(市政会).TheCouncilapproved,andCouncilwomanBessLaRivierenamedthebridge“NuttyNarrows.”
Afterarchitectsdesignedthebridge,AmosPetersandBillHutchstartedconstruction.Theybuiltthe60-footbridgefromaluminumandlengthsoffirehose(消防水带).Itcost$1,000.
Itdidn’ttakelongbeforereportsofsquirrelsusingthebridgestarted.Squirrelswereevenseenguidingtheiryoungandteachingthemtheropes.Thestorywaspickedupbythemedia,andNuttyNarrowsbecameknowinnewspapersallovertheworld.
In1983,after20yearsofuse,Peterstookdowntheworn-outbridge.Repairsweremadeandcrosspieceswerereplaced.ThefadedsignwasrepaintedandinJuly1983,hundredsofanimalloversattendedthecompletionceremonyofthenewbridge.
Petersdiedin1984,andaten-footwoodensquirrelsculpturewasplacednearthebridgeinmemoryofitsbuilderandhisdevotiontotheproject.
9.TheNuttyNarrowsBridgewasbuiltinorderto________.
A.offersquirrelsaplacetoeatnutsB.setupalocallandmark
C.helpimprovetrafficD.protectsquirrels
10.Whathappenedoverthecoffeebreakdiscussion?
A.ThecommitteegottheCouncil’sblessing.B.Thesquirrelbridgeideawasborn
C.AcouncilwomannamedthebridgeD.Asquirrelwasfounddead.
11.Whatdoestheunderlinedphrase“teachingthemtheropes”probablymeansinthetext?
A.PassingthemaropeB.Directingthemtostorefoodforwinter
C.TeachingthemalessonD.Showingthemhowtousethebridge.
12.WhatcanwelearnaboutAmosPeters?
A.Heisrememberedforhisloveofanimals.B.Hedonated$1,000tobuildthebridge.
C.HewasamemberoftheCityCouncilD.Hewasawardedamedalforbuildingthebridge.
D
Forthosewhoaretiredofdoingthelaundry(洗衣),Samsunghasfoundananswer:
awashingmachinethatcantellyouwhenyourlaundryisdonethroughasmartphoneapp(application).
Strangethoughitmayseem—“mywifealreadydoesthat”wasacommonresponseamongattendeesviewingthedevice(装置)whenitwasintroducedattheConsumerElectronicsShow(CES)thisweek—Samsungisjustoneofmanyappliancemakersracingtoinstall(安装)alargenumberofinternet-connectedfeaturesinmachinesinanefforttomakethem“smart”.
Lastyear,itwasarefrigeratorthattweeted.Thisyear,it’sWi-Fi-enabledlaundrymachinesandfridgesthatcantellyouwhenyourgroceriesaregoingbad.
Thewashersanddryers,availablestartinginthespring,connecttoanysmartphonethroughadownloadableapplication.Thephonecanthenbeusedasaremotecontrol,sothemachinescanbeturnedonandoffwhiletheirownerisatworkoronthebus.
Samsungsaysit’snotjustsomethingnew—theappconnectionactuallyhassomepracticaluses.
“Ifyoustartedtodryclothesinthemorningandforgottotakethemout,youcangotoyourphoneandrestartyourdryerforthetimewhenyoucomehome,soyourclothesarerefreshedandreadytogo,”saidspokespersonAmySchmidt.
Thecompanyalsosaysthatwithelectricityrate(电价)varyingdependingonthetimeo
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