BOOK3U1名词性从句.docx

BOOK3U1名词性从句.docx

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BOOK3U1名词性从句

名词性从句

在句子中起名词作用的句子叫名词从句。

名词从句的功能相当于名词词组,它在复合句中能担任主语、宾语、表语、同位语、介词宾语等，因此根据它在句中不同的语法功能，名词从句又可分别称为主语从句、宾语从句、表语从句和同位语从句。

名词性that-从句

1）由从属连词that引导的从句叫做名词性that-从句。

That只起连接主句和从句的作用，在从句中不担任任何成分，本身也没有词义。

名词性that-从句在句中能充当主语、宾语、表语、同位语和形容词宾语。

例如：

主语：

Thatheisstillaliveissheerluck.　他还活着全靠运气。

宾语：

JohnsaidthathewasleavingforLondononWednesday.　约翰说他星期三要到伦敦去。

表语：

Thefactisthathehasnotbeenseenrecently.事实是近来谁也没有见过他。

同位语：

Thefactthathehasnotbeenseenrecentlydisturbseveryoneinhisoffice.

近来谁也没有见过他，这一情况令办公室所有的人不安。

形容词宾语：

Iamgladthatyouaresatisfiedwithyourjob.你对工作满意我感到很高兴。

2）That-从句作主语通常用it作先行词，而将that-从句置于句末。

例如：

Itisquiteclearthatthewholeprojectisdoomedtofailure.　很清楚，整个计划注定要失败。

It'sapitythatyoushouldhavetoleave.　你非走不可真是件憾事。

if,whether引导的名词从句

1）yes-no型疑问从句

　从属连词if,whether引导的名词从句是由一般疑问句或选择疑问转化而来的，因此也分别被称为yes-no型疑问句从句和选择型疑问从句，其功能和wh-从句的功能相同。

例如：

主语：

Whethertheplanisfeasibleremainstobeproved.这一计划是否可行还有等证实。

　宾语：

Letusknowwhether/ifyoucanfinishthearticlebeforeFriday.请让我们知道你是否能在星期五以前把文章写完。

　表语：

Thepointiswhetherweshouldlendhimthemoney.问题在于我们是否应该借钱给他。

　同位语：

Theyareinvestigatingthequestionwhetherthemanistrustworthy.　他们调查他是否值得信赖。

　形容词宾语：

She'sdoubtfulwhetherweshallbeabletocome.她怀疑我们是否能够前来。

　介词宾语：

Iworryaboutwhetherhecanpassthroughthecrisisofhisillness.我担心他是否能度过疾病的危险期。

2）选择性疑问从句

　选择性疑问从句由关联词if/whether…or或whether…ornot构成。

例如：

　Pleasetellmewhether/iftheyareSwedishorDanish.请告诉我他们是瑞典人还是丹麦人。

Idon'tcarewhetheryouliketheplanornot.我不在乎你是否喜欢该计划。

练习

一、单项选择：

1.Evidencecameup_____specificspeechsoundsarerecognizedbybabiesasyoungassixmonthsold.

A.whichB.whatC.thatD.when

2.Ihaven’tdecided_____hoteltostayat.

A.whichB.whatC.atwhichD.where

3.______surprisesmostofus.

A.Wolvesareafraidofus

B.Thefactthatwolvesafraidmen

C.Thefactthatwolvesareafraidofmen

D.Wolves’afraidofmen

4.Theannouncement______allflightwerecancelledbecauseofbadweathergreatlydistressedthewaitingpassengers.

A.thatB.whichC.whyD.ofwhich

5.Thequestionis______canbeputintopractice.

A.howyouhavelearned

B.howwhatyouhavelearned

C.thatwhyyouhavelearned

D.howthatyouhavelearned

6.Ahingejointis_______permitstheforwardsandbackwardmovementofadoor.

A.thatB.whatC.thoseD.which

7.OnereasonwhyHamletissuchasuccessfulplayisthat_______.

A.itappealsdifferentlytopeople

B.differentpeopleareappealed

C.itappealstomanydifferentpeople

D.peoplefinditappealingtothemverymuch

8.Amoreimportantquestionis______theseideasarewellorillfounded.

A.whereB.whenC.howD.whether

9.Ithinkitis_____youaredoingtoomuch.

A.becauseofB.becauseC.becausethatD.becausefor

10.Noonecouldunderstand_______.

A.thathewastalkingabout

B.whathewastalkingabout

C.hewastalkingabout

D.whichhewastalking

11.Iknewnothingabouthisjourney______hewaslikelytobeawayforthreemonths.

A.ifB.inthatC.exceptthatD.which

12.Thefact______doctorsrecommendthatchildrenwithhypertensiondrinkcoffeeissurprising.

A.whatB.isthatC.thatD.of

13._______isnoreasonfordischargingher.

A.Becauseshewasafewminuteslate

B.Owingtoafewminutesbeinglate

C.Thefactthatshewasafewminuteslate

D.Beingafewminuteslate

14.Ihavenodoubt______hewillovercomeallhisdifficulties.

A.whetherB.whenC.thatD.if

15.Theoldgentlemanneverfailstohelp______isinneedofhishelp.

A.whoB.whoeverC.oneD.whomever

16.“Isthereanyparticulardessertyouwouldlikehave?

”“_____youselectisallrightwithme.”

A.WhateverB.WhichC.ThatD.Whichever

17._______somemammalscametoliveintheseaisnotknown.

A.ThatB.WhatC.HowD.Since

18._______ishisowndecision.

A.WhenheisleavingB.Whenheleaves

C.WhendoesheleaveD.Heleaves

19.ThepeopleatthepartywereworriedaboutJanetbecausenoonewasaware________shehadgone.

A.ofwhereB.oftheplaceC.theplaceD.theplacewhere

20.________isofnoconcerntous.

A.ItrainornotB.Ifornotitrains

C.WhetheritrainsornotD.Willitrainornot

二、用适当的连接词填空：

（what,that,who,whom,whose,which,how,when,where,whatever,whoever,whomever,whichever,however,whenever,wherever,whether,why,because）

1.________hesaidhasnothingtodowiththistask.

2.________breaksthelawdeservesafine.

3.Take_______muchyouwantwheneveryouwantto.

4.Thequestionremains_______weshouldaccepttheirinvitation.

5.Freemovieticketswillbesentto_______comefirst.

6.Sheisindoubt________sheacceptsyouradvice.

7.Idon'tdoubt________he'llcome.

8.Itworriedherabit____herhairwasturninggrey.

9.Itisgenerallyconsideredunwisetogiveachild____heorshewants.

10.Whytheexplosionoccurredwas________thelaboratoryattendanthadbeencareless.

三、中译英：

1.我想知道50年后我们的生活会是什么样子的。

______________________________________________

2.我们赢得了辩论赛,话题是关于是否应该允许克隆人类。

______________________________________________

3.你相信那个贼去年在北京市偷了好多自行车吗？

___________________________________________

4.我不相信你们班长明天会来。

___________________________________________

5.我们队赢得了比赛，这一消息让我们很兴奋。

__________________________________________________

阅读文章，了解其大意，然后选择正确选项填空。

BEIJING–

（1）____thesmoggiestdayhere

（2）____thepastweek,InternationalOlympicCommitteepresidentJacquesRogge（3）____ChineseauthoritiesThursday,（4）____theyhad“doneeverythingfeasibleandhumanlypossible”（5）____the（6）____fortheOlympics.

“Thefogyousee（7）____onthebasisofhumidityandheat,”Roggesaid（8）____anewsconference.“Itdoesnotmeantosay（9）____thisfogisthesameas（10）____.Itcanbepollution,butthefogdoesn’tmean（11）____thatitispollution.

“Ofcourse,weprefercleanskies,butthemostimportantthingisthe（12）____oftheathletesbeingprotected.”

RoggesaidthattheI.O.C.could（13）____eventsbecauseofpoorairquality（14）____72hoursbeforetheevents,（15）____oneslikeroadcycling,triathlonandthemarathoninwhich（16）____wouldbemostaffectedbynoxiousairbecauseoftheirprolongedexposuretoit.

Fornow,（17）____,Roggesaid:

“Itissafefortheathletes.”

OntheeveofthefirstOlympics（18）____inChina,theairwassoupyandgray,withtheairqualityratingreaching95,well（19）____airstandardsintheUnitedStates.Anythingbelow101qualifiesasaBlueSkydayhere,（20）____thestandardssettomonitorairqualityfortheOlympics.

1.A.InB.OnC.AtD.With

2.A.inB.onC.atD.with

3.A.criticizedB.praisedC.criticizeD.praise

4.A.saidB.talkC.sayingD.talking

5.A.cleanB.cleaningC.cleanedD.toclean

6.A.airB.roadC.cityD.food

7.A.baseB.basedC.isbasedD.basis

8.A.inB.atC.onD./

9.A.thatB.whatC.allD.one

10.A.rainB.pollutionC.smokeD.wind

11.A.onlyB.probablyC.necessarilyD.possibly

12.A.marksB.scoresC.heightD.health

13.A.cancelB.calloffC.postponeD.stop

14.A.uptoB.asmuchasC.upD.down

15.A.franklyB.usuallyC.definitelyD.particularly

16.A.officersB.audiencesC.foreignersD.athletes

17.A.ifB.andC.thoughD.eventhough

18.A.holdB.heldC.holdingD.holds

19.A.aboveB.almostC.belowD.nextto

20.A.followB.sameasC.stayD.accordingto

阅读文章，选择正确答案，回答问题。

ItwasaveryfoggydayinLondon.Thefogwassothickthatitwasimpossibletoseemorethanafootorso.Buses,carsandtaxiswerenotabletorunandwerestandingbythesideoftheroad.Peopleweretryingtofindtheirwayaboutonfootbutwerelosingtheirwayinthefog.Mr.SmithhadaveryimportantmeetingattheHouseofCommonsandhadtogettherebutnoonecouldtakehim.Hetriedtowalktherebutfoundhewasquitelost.Suddenlyhebumpedintoastranger.Thestrangeraskedifhecouldhelphim.Mr.SmithsaidhewantedtogettotheHousesofParliament.Thestrangertoldhimhewouldtakehimthere.Mr.Smiththankedhimandtheystartedtowalkthere.Thefogwasgettingthickereveryminutebutthestrangerhadnodifficultyinfindingtheway.Hewentalongonestreet,turneddownanother,crossedasquareandatlastafterabouthalfanhour’swalktheyarrivedattheHousesofParliament.Mr.Smithcouldn’tunderstandhowthestrangerfoundhisway.“Itiswonderful,”hesaid.“Howdoyoufindthewayinthefog?

”

“Itisnotroubleatalltome,”saidthestranger,“Iamblind.”

1.Accordingtothepassage,wecaninferthatbumpintomeans_______.

A.knockoff

B.meetbychance

C.strike

D.trafficaccident

2.WhichofthefollowingstatementsareNOTtrue?

A.ThestrangerhasabettersightthanMr.Smith.

B.Heavyfogcancausetrafficaccidents.

C.It’seasytogetlostinafoggyday.

D.Thefogwasgettingthickerandthicker.

3.Whyisitnotroubleatalltothestrangertofindthewayinthefog?

A.BecauseheisalocalinhabitantofLondon.

B.BecausehelivesnexttotheHousesofParliament.

C.Becauseheisfamiliarwiththeroute.

D.Becausehefindsthewaynotbysightbutbyheart.

4.Thisarticlemainlytellsusthat________.

A.Londonisafoggycity.

B.Mr.Smithworksforthegovernment.

C.AblindstrangerledthewayforMr.Smithinafoggyday.

D.Mr.Smithhadaveryimportantmeetingandlosthiswayinthefog.