专业英语四级八级考试专业英语八级考试真题及答案.docx

专业英语四级八级考试专业英语八级考试真题及答案.docx

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专业英语四级八级考试专业英语八级考试真题及答案

2021年专业英语八级考试真题及答案

PARTILISTENINGCOMPREHENSION（35MIN）

SECTIONAMINI-LECTURE

Inthissectionyouwillhearamini-lecture.YouwillhearthelectureONCEONLY.Whilelistening,takenotesontheimportantpoints.Yournoteswillnotbemarked,butyouwillneedthemtocompleteagap-fillingtaskafterthemini-lecture.Whenthelectureisover,youwillbegiventwominutestocheckyournotes,andanothertenminutestocompletethegap-fillingtaskonANSWERSHEETONE,usingnomorethanthreewordsineachgap.Makesuretheword（s）youfillinis（are）bothgrammaticallyandsemanticallyacceptable.YoumayrefertoyournoteswhilecompletingthetaskUsetheblanksheetfornote-taking.

Now,listentothemini-lecture.

HowtoReduceStress

Lifeisfullofthingsthatcauseussress.Thoughwemaynotlike

stress,wehavetolivewithit.

I.Definitionofstress

A.

（1）reaction

i.e.forceexertedbetweentwotouchingbodies

B.humanreaction

i.e.responseto

（2）onsomeone

e.g.increaseinbreathing,heartrate,（3）,

ormuscletension

II.（4）,

A.positivestress

whereitoccurs:

Christmas,wedding,（5）

B.negativestress

whereitoccurs:

test-takingsituations,friend’sdeath

III.Waystocopewithstress

A.recoginitionofstresssignals

—monitorfor（6）ofstress

—findwaystoprotectoneself

B.attentiontobodydemand

—effectof（7）

C.planningandactingappropriately

—reasonforplanning

—（8）ofplanning

D.learningto（9）

—e.g.dlaycausedbytraffic

E.pacingactivities

—manageabletask

—（10）

SECTIONBINTERVIEW

InthissectionyouwillheareverythingONCEONLY.Listencarefullyandthenanswerthequestionsthatfollow.MarkthebestanswertoeachquestiononANSWERSHEETTWO.

Questions1to5arebasedonaninterview.Attheendoftheinterviewyouwillbegiven10secondstoanswereachofthefollowingfivequestions.

Nowlistentotheinterview.

1.Accordingtotheinterviewer,whichofthefollowingbestindicatestherelationshipbetweenchoiceandmobility?

A.Bettereducation→greatermobility→morechoices.

B.Bettereducation→morechoices→greatermobility.

C.Greatermobility→bettereducation→morechoices.

D.Greatermobility→morechoices→bettereducation.

2.Accordingtotheinterview,whichofthefollowingdetailsaboutthefirstpollisINCORRECT?

A.Shorterworkhourswasleastchosenforbeingmostimportant.

B.Chancesforadvancementmighthavebeenfavouredbyyoungpeople.

C.Highincomefailedtocomeontopforbeingmostimportant.

D.Jobsecuritycamesecondaccordingtothepollresults.

3.Accordingtotheinterviewee,whichisthemaindifferencebetweenthefirstandthesecondpoll?

A.Thetypeofrespondentswhowereinvited.

B.Thewayinwhichthequestionsweredesigned.

C.Thecontentareaofthequestions.

D.Thenumberofpollquestions.

4.Whatcanwelearnfromtherespondents'answerstoitems2,4and7inthesecondpoll?

A.Recognitionfromcolleaguesshouldbegivenlessimportance.

B.Workersarealwayswillingandreadytolearnmorenewskills.

C.Psychologicalrewardismoreimportantthanmaterialone.

D.Workwillhavetobemadeinterestingtoraiseefficiency.

5.Accordingtotheinterviewee,whichofthefollowingcanofferbothpsychologicalandmonetarybenefits?

A.Contactwithmanypeople.

B.Chancesforadvancement.

C.Appreciationfromcoworkers.

D.Chancestolearnnewskills.

SECTIONCNEWSBROADCAST

InthissectionyouwillheareverythingONCEONLY.Listencarefullyandthenanswerthequestionsthatfollow.MarkthebestanswertoeachquestiononANSWERSHEETTWO.

Questions6and7arebasedonthefollowingnews.Attheendofthenewsitem,youwillbegiven20secondstoanswerthequestions.

Nowlistentothenews.

6.Accordingtothenewsitem,"sleepboxes"aredesignedtosolvetheproblemsof

A.airports.

B.passengers.

C.architects.

D.companies.

7.WhichofthefollowingisNOTtruewithreferencetothenews?

A.Sleepboxescanberentedfordifferentlengthsoftime.

B.Rentersofnormalheightcanstandupinside.

C.Beddingcanbeautomaticallychanged.

D.Renterscantakeashowerinsidethebox.

Question8isbasedonthefollowingnews.Attheendofthenewsitem,youwillbegiven10secondstoanswerthequestion.

Nowlistentothenews.

8.Whatisthenewsitemmainlyabout?

A.London'spreparationsfortheNottingHillCarnival.

B.MainfeaturesoftheNottingHillCarnival.

C.Police'spreventivemeasuresforthecarnival.

D.Policeparticipationinthecarnival.

Questions9and10arebasedonthefollowingnews.Attheendofthenewsitem,youwillbegiven20secondstoanswerthequestions.

Nowlistentothenews.

9.Thenewsitemreportsonaresearchfindingabout

A.theDutchfamineandtheDutchwomen.

B.earlymalnutritionandhearthealth.

C.thecausesofdeathduringthefamine.

D.nutritioninchildhoodandadolescence.

10.Whendidtheresearchteamcarryoutthestudy?

A.AttheendofWorldWarII.

B.Between1944and1945.

C.Inthe1950s.

D.In2007.

PARTIIREADINGCOMPREHENSION（30MIN）

TEXTA

MyclassatHarvardBusinessSchoolhelpsstudentsunderstandwhatgoodmanagementtheoryisandhowitisbuilt.Ineachsession,welookatonecompanythroughthelensesofdifferenttheories,usingthemtoexplainhowthecompanygotintoitssituationandtoexaminewhatactionwillyieldtheneededresults.Onthelastdayofclass,Iaskedmyclasstoturnthosetheoreticallensesonthemselvestofindanswerstotwoquestions:

First,HowcanIbesureI’llbehappyinmycareer?

Second,HowcanIbesuremyrelationshipswithmyspouseandmyfamilywillbecomeanenduringsourceofhappiness?

Herearesomemanagementtoolsthatcanbeusedtohelpyouleadapurposefullife.

1.UseYourResourcesWisely.Yourdecisionsaboutallocatingyourpersonaltime,energy,andtalentshapeyourlife’sstrategy.Ihaveabunchof“businesses”thatcompetefortheseresources:

I’mtryingtohavearewardingrelationshipwithmywife,raisegreatkids,contributetomycommunity,succeedinmycareer,andcontributetomychurch.AndIhaveexactlythesameproblemthatacorporationdoes.Ihavealimitedamountoftime,energyandtalent.HowmuchdoIdevotetoeachofthesepursuits?

Allocationchoicescanmakeyourlifeturnouttoverydifferentfromwhatyouintended.Sometimesthat’sgood:

opportunitiesthatyouhaveneverplannedforemerge.Butifyoudon’tinvestyourresourceswisely,theoutcomecanbebad.AsIthinkaboutmyformerclassmateswhoinadvertentlyinvestedinlivesofhollowunhappiness,Ican’thelpbelievingthattheirtroublesrelatedrightbacktoashort-termperspective.

Whenpeoplewithahighneedforachievementhaveanextrahalfhouroftimeoranextraounceofenergy,they’llunconsciouslyallocateittoactivitiesthatyieldthemosttangibleaccomplishments.Ourcareersprovidethemostconcreteevidencethatwe’removingforward.Youshipaproduct,finishadesign,completeapresentation,closeasaleteachaclass,publishapaper,getpaid,getpromoted.Incontrast,investingtimeandenergyinyourrelationshipswithyourspouseandchildrentypicallydoesn’tofferthesameimmediatesenseofachievement.Kidsmisbehaveeveryday.It’sreallynotuntil20yearsdowntheroadthatyoucansay,“Iraisedagoodsonoragooddaughter.”Youcanneglectyourrelationshipwithyourspouseandonadailybasisitdoesn’tseemasifthingaredeteriorating.Peoplewhoaredriventoexcelhavethisunconsciouspropensitytounderinvestintheirfamiliesandoverinvestintheircareers,eventhoughintimateandlovingfamilyrelationshipsarethemostpowerfulandenduringsourceofhappiness.

Ifyoustudytherootcausesofbusinessdisasters,overandoveryou’llfindthispredispositiontowardendeavorsthatofferimmediategratification.Ifyoulookatpersonallivesthroughthatlens,you’llseethatsamestunningandsoberingpattern:

peopleallocatingfewerandfewerresourcestothethingstheywouldhaveoncesaidmatteredmost.

2.CreateAFamilyCulture.It’sonethingtoseeintothefoggyfuturewithaacuityandchartthecoursecorrectionsacompanymustmake.Butit’squiteanothertopersuadeemployeestolineupandworkcooperativelytotakethecompanyinthatnewdirection.

Whenthereislittleagreement,youhavetouse“powertools”–coercion,threats,punishmentsandsoon,tosecurecooperation.Butifemployee’swaysofworkingtogethersucceedoverandover,consensusbeginstoform.Ultimately,peopledon’teventhinkaboutwhethertheirwayyieldssuccess.Theyembraceprioritiesandfollowproceduresbyinstinctandassumptionratherthanbyexplicitdecision,whichmeansthatthey’vecreatedaculture.Culture,incompellingbutunspokenways,dictatestheproven,acceptablemethodsbywhichmembersofagroupaddressrecurrentproblems.Andculturedefinestheprioritygiventodifferenttypesofproblems.Itcanbeapowerfulmanagementtool.

Iusethismodeltoaddressthequestion,HowcanIbemyfamilybecomesanenduringsourceofhappiness?

Mystudentsquicklyseethatthesimplestwayparentscanelicitcooperationfromchildrenistowieldpowertools.Buttherecomesapointduringtheteenyearswhenpowertoolsnolongerwork.Atthatpoint,parentsstartwishingtheyhadbegunworkingwiththeirchildrenataveryyoungagetobuildacultureinwhichchildreninstinctivelybehaverespectfullytowardoneanother,obeytheirparents,andchoosetherightthingtodo.Familieshavecultures,justacompaniesdo.Thoseculturescanbebuiltconsciously.

Ifyouwantyourkidstohavestrongself-esteemandtheconfidencethattheycansolvehardproblems,thosequalitieswon’tma