考研英语阅读模拟题及答案八篇.docx
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考研英语阅读模拟题及答案八篇.docx
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考研英语阅读模拟题及答案八篇
2019年考研英语阅读模拟题及答案【八篇】
It'snotentirelyclearwhymedicinehasbeensoslowtobuildonAnderson'searlysuccess.TheNationalInstitutesofHealthbudgetofficeestimatesitwillspend$432millionongene-therapyresearchin2005,andthereisnoshortageofpromisingleads.Thetherapeuticgenesareusuallydeliveredthroughvirusesthatdon'tcausehumandisease.“ThevirusissortoflikeaTrojanhorse,”saysRonaldCrystalofNewYorkPresbyterian/WeillCornellMedicalCollege.“Thecargoisthegene.”
AttheUniversityofPennsylvania'sAbramsonCancerCenter,immunologistCarlJunerecentlytreatedHIVpatientswithageneintendedtohelptheircellsresisttheinfection.AtCornellUniversity,researchersarepursuinggene-basedtherapiesforParkinson'sdiseaseandararehereditarydisorderthatdestroyschildren'sbraincells.AtStanfordUniversityandtheChildren'sHospitalofPhiladelphia,researchersaretryingtofigureouthowtohelppatientswithhemophiliawhotodaymustinjectthemselveswithexpensiveclottingdrugsforlife.Animalexperimentshaveshowngreatpromise.
Butsomehow,thingsgetlostinthetranslationfromlaboratorytopatient.Inhumantrialsofthehemophiliatreatment,patientsshowaresponseatfirst,butitfadesovertime.Andthefieldhasstillnotrecoveredfromthesetbackitsufferedin1999,whenJesseGelsinger,an18-year-oldwithararemetabolicdisorder,diedafterreceivinganexperimentalgenetherapyattheUniversityofPennsylvania.Someexpertsworrythatthefieldwillbetarnishedfurtherifthenextpeopletobenefitarenotpatientsbutathletesseekinganedge.Thissummer,researchersattheSalkInstituteinSanDiegosaidtheyhadcreateda“marathonmouse”byimplantingagenethatenhancesrunningability;already,officialsattheWorldAnti-DopingAgencyarepreparingtotestathletesforsignsof“genedoping.”Buttheprincipleisthesame,whetheryou'retryingtohelpahealthyrunnerrunfasterorallowamuscular-dystrophypatienttowalk.“Everybodyrecognizesthatgenetherapyisaverygoodidea,”saysCrystal.“Andeventuallyit'sgoingtowork.”
1.ThecaseofAshanthiDesilvaismentionedinthetextto____________.
[A]showthepromiseofgene-therapy
[B]giveanexampleofmoderntreatmentforfataldiseases
[C]introducetheachievementofAndersonandhisteam
[D]explainhowgene-basedtreatmentworks
2.Anderson‘searlysuccesshas________________.
[A]greatlyspeededthedevelopmentofmedicine
[B]broughtnoimmediateprogressintheresearchofgene-therapy
[C]promisedacuretoeverydisease
[D]madehimanationalhero
3.Whichofthefollowingistrueaccordingtothetext?
[A]Ashanthineedstoreceivegene-therapytreatmentconstantly.
[B]Despitethehugefunding,generesearcheshaveshownfewpromises.
[C]Therapeuticgenesarecarriedbyharmlessviruses.
[D]Gene-dopingisencouragedbyworldagenciestohelpathletesgetbetterscores.
4.Theword“tarnish”(line5,paragraph4)mostprobablymeans____________.
[A]affect
[B]warn
[C]trouble
[D]stain
5.Fromthetextwecanseethattheauthorseems___________.
[A]optimistic
[B]pessimistic
[C]troubled
[D]uncertain
答案:
ABCDA
【第二篇】
Accordingtopsychologists(心理学家),anemotionisarousedwhenamanoranimalviewssomethingaseitherbadorgood.Whenapersonfeelslikerunningawayfromsomethinghethinkswillhurthim,wecallthisemotionfear.ifthepersonwantstoremovethedangerbyattackingit,wecall theemotionanger.Theemotionsofjoyandlovearearousedwhenwethinksomethingcanhelpus.Anemotiondoesnothavetobecreatedbysomethingintheoutsideworld.itcanbecreatedbyaperson'sthoughts.
Everyonehasemotions.Manypsychologistsbelievethatinfantsarebornwithoutemotions.Theybelievechildrenlearnemotionsjustastheylearntoreadandwrite.Agrowingchildnotonlylearnshisemotionsbutlearnshowtoactincertainsituationsbecauseofanemotion.
Psychologiststhinkthattherearetwotypesofemotion:
positiveandnegative.Positiveemotionsincludelove,liking,joy,delight,andhope.Theyarearousedbysomethingthatappealstoaperson.Negativeemotionsmakeapersonunhappyordissatisfied.Theyincludeanger,fear,despair,sadness,anddisgust.ingrowingup,apersonlearnstocopewiththenegativeemotionsinordertobehappy.
Emotionsmaybeweakorstrong.Somestrongemotionsaresounpleasantthatapersonwilltryanymeanstoescapefromthem.inordertofeelhappy,thepersonmaychooseunusualwaystoavoidtheemotion.
Strongemotionscanmakeithardtothinkandtosolveproblems.Theymaypreventapersonfromlearningorpayingattentiontowhatheisdoing.Forexample,astudenttakinganexaminationmaybesoworriedaboutfailingthathecannotthinkproperly.Theworrydrainsvaluablementalenergyheneedsfortheexamination.
56.Welearnfromthepassagethatanemotioniscreatedbysomething___________.
A)onethinksbadorgood B)onefeelsindanger
C)onefacesintheoutsideworld D)onetriestoescapefromreallife
57.WhichofthefollowingisNOTtrue?
A)Childrenlearnemotionsastheygrowup.
B)Babiesarebornwithemotions.
C)Emotionsfallintotwotypesingeneral.
D)Peoplecancopewiththenegativeemotionsinlife.
58.Theauthor'spurposeofwritingthispassageisto___________.
A)explainwhypeoplehaveemotions
B)showhowpeopleavoidthenegativeemotions
C)explainwhatpeopleshoulddobeforeemotions
D)defineandclassifypeople'semotions
59.Wecansafelyconcludethatastudentmayfailinanexamif___________.
A)hecannotthinkproperly B)hecan'tpayattentiontoit
C)hecan'tpayattentiontoit D)heisnotfullofenergy
60.Asusedinthelastsentence,theworddrainsmeans___________.
A)stops B)ties C)weakens D)flowsgradually
答案
1.A 2.B 3.D 4.B 5.C
【第三篇】
Scientistshaveknownsince1952thatDNAisthebasicstuffofheredity.They'veknownitschemicalstructuresince1953.TheyknowthathumanDNAactslikeabiologicalcomputerprogramsome3billionbitslongthatspellsouttheinstructionsformakingproteins,thebasicbuildingblocksoflife.
Buteverythingthegeneticengineershaveaccomplishedduringthepasthalf-centuryisjustapreambletotheworkthatCollinsandAndersonandlegionsofcolleaguesaredoingnow.CollinsleadstheHumanGenomeProject,a15-yearefforttodrawthefirstdetailedmapofeverynookandcrannyandgeneinhumanDNA.Anderson,whopioneeredthefirstsuccessfulhumangene-therapyoperations,isleadingthecampaigntoputinformationaboutDNAtouseasquicklyaspossibleinthetreatmentandpreventionofhumandiseases.
Whattheyandotherresearchersareplottingisnothinglessthanabiomedicalrevolution.LikeSiliconValleypiratesreverse-engineeringacomputerchiptostealacompetitor'ssecrets,geneticengineersaredecodinglife'smolecularsecretsandtryingtousethatknowledgetoreversethenaturalcourseofdisease.DNAintheirhandshasbecomebothablueprintandadrug,apharmacologicalsubstanceofextraordinarypotencythatcantreatnotjustsymptomsorthediseasesthatcausethembutalsotheimperfectionsinDNAthatmakepeoplesusceptibletoadisease.
Andthat'sjustthebeginning.Forallthefeveredworkbeingdone,however,scienceisstillfarawayfromtheBraveNewWorldvisionofengineeringaperfecthuman—orevenaperfecttomato.Muchmoreresearchisneededbeforegenetherapybecomescommonplace,andmanydiseaseswilltakedecadestoconquer,iftheycanbeconqueredatall.
Intheshortrun,themostpracticalwaytousethenewtechnologywillbeingeneticscreening.DoctorswillbeabletodetectallsortsofflawsinDNAlongbeforetheycanbefixed.Insomecasestheknowledgemaylead
totreatmentsthatdelaytheonsetofthediseaseorsoftenitseffects.Someonewithageneticpredispositiontoheartdisease,forexample,couldfollowalow-fatdiet.Andifscientistsdeterminethatavitalproteinismissingbecausethegenethatwassupposedtomakeitisdefective,theymightbeabletogivethepatientanartificialversionoftheprotein.Butinotherinstances,almostnothingcanbedonetostoptheravagesbroughtonbygeneticmutations.(409words)
1.ItcanbeinferredfromthetextthatCollinsandAndersonandlegionsofcolleagues_____.
[A]knowthathumanDNAactslikeabiologicalcomputerprogram
[B]havefoundthebasicbuildingblocksoflife
[C]haveaccomplishedsomegeneticdiscoveryduringthepasthalf-century
[D]aremakingabreakthroughinDNA
2.CollinsandAndersonarecitedinthetexttoindicateallthefollowingEXCEPTthat______.
[A]time-consumingeffortisneededtoaccomplishthedetailedmapofinhumanDNA
[B]humangene-therapyoperationsmaybeappliedtothepatients
[C]gene-therapynowisalreadygenerallyusedtothetreatmentandpreventionofhumandiseases
[D]informationaboutDNAmaybeusedinthetreatmentandpreventionofhumandiseases
3.Theword“pirate”(line2,paragraph3)means______.
[A]onewhorobsatseaorplundersthelandfromthesea
[B]onewhomakesuseoforreproducestheworkofanotherwithoutauthorization
[C]totake(something)bypiracy
[D]tomakeuseoforreproduce(another'swork)withoutauthorization
4.Wecandrawaconclusionfromthetextthat_____.
[A]engineeringaperfecthumanisnotfeasibleforthetimebeing
[B]it‘simpossibleforscientiststoengineeraperfecttomato
[C]manyd
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