山东省潍坊市昌乐县届高三高考模拟英语试题含答案.docx
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山东省潍坊市昌乐县届高三高考模拟英语试题含答案.docx
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山东省潍坊市昌乐县届高三高考模拟英语试题含答案
昌乐县2020届高三4月高考模拟
英语试题
2020.4
注意事项:
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第一部分阅读(共两节,满分50分)
第一节(共15小题;每小题2.5分,满分37.5分)
阅读下列短文,从每题所给的A、B、C、D四个选项中选出最佳选项。
A
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B
Sometimeswemayfindthateveryweektherearealotofnewstoriesabouthowclimatechangeisaffectingtheplanet,ornewplanstobattleitseffects.Buttheconceptitselfisn’tnewatall—infact,scientistshavebeenexploringquestionsaboutclimatechangeforalmost200years.
Theideaof“greenhousegases”goesbackto1824,whenJosephFourierwonderedwhatwasregulatingtheearth’stemperature.Fourierconcludedthattheatmospheremustberesponsibleforcontainingtheheatabsorbedfromthesunanddescribeditasaboxwithaglasslid:
Aslightshinesthroughtheglass,theinsidegetswarmerasthelidtrapstheheat.AsFourier’sideasspread,itcametobecalled“thegreenhouseeffect”.
Scientistscontinuedtostudythegreenhouseeffect.NotuntilaSwedishchemistnamedSvanteArrheniuscamealong,didscientistsunderstandhowglobalwarmingactuallyworks.Afteryearsofwork,Arrheniusdeterminedthatthelevelofcarbondioxideintheatmospheredidinfacthaveadirecteffectonglobaltemperatures.
ArrheniusfoundthatCO2,andothergasestrapradiation,whichwarmstheatmosphere.Arrheniuswasthefirsttosuspectthatburningcoalcouldcontributetothegreenhouseeffect.ButArrheniuswelcomedthewarmingeffectontheplanet.Atalecturelaterthatyear,Arrheniusnotedthatcreaturesofawarmerearth“mightliveunderamilderskyandinlessbarrensurroundings”.
WhileArrhenius’findingswonhimthe1903NobelPrizeinchemistry,scientistskeptdebatingwhetherthegreenhouseeffectwasincreasinguntil1950,whenresearchersfinallybegantofindstrongdatasupportingit.Bytheendofthe1950s,Americanscientistshadbeensoundingthealarmonthelong-termconsequencesofclimatechange.ClimatechangeresearchhascomealongwaysinceFourierfirstdescribedthegreenhouseeffect—still,maybeArrheniusshouldhavebeenmorecarefulofwhathewishedfor.
4.Whatdoestheunderlinedword“it”inParagraph2referto?
A.Theclimatechange.B.Thegreenhouseeffect.
C.Theatmosphere.D.Theheatfromthesun.
5.Whendidthescientistsfirstfindevidenceforthebadeffectofglobalwarming?
A.In1824.B.In1903.C.In1950.D.200yearsago.
6.What’stheauthor’sattitudetowardsArrhenius’wish?
A.Optimistic.B.Negative.C.Neutral.D.Ambiguous.
7.What’sthemainideaofthetext?
A.Causesofclimatechange.B.Effectsofgreenhousegases.
C.Findingsaboutglobalwarming.D.Explorationsonclimatechange.
C
It’scommonknowledgethatthewomaninLeonardodaVinci’smostfamouspaintingseemstolookbackatobservers,followingthemwithhereyesnomatterwheretheystandintheroom.Butthiscommonknowledgeturnsoutwrong.
Anewstudyfindsthatthewomaninthepaintingisactuallylookingoutatananglethat’s15.4degreesofftotheobserver’sright—welloutsideoftherangethatpeoplenormallybelievewhentheythinksomeoneislookingrightatthem.Inotherwords,saidthestudyauthor,Horstmann,“She’snotlookingatyou.”Thisissomewhatironic,becausetheentirephenomenonofaperson’sgaze(凝视)inaphotographorpaintingseemingtofollowthevieweriscalledthe“MonaLisaeffect”.Thateffectisabsolutelyreal,Horstmannsaid.Ifapersonisillustratedorphotographedlookingstraightahead,evenpeopleviewingtheportraitfromananglewillfeeltheyarebeinglookedat.Aslongastheangleoftheperson’sgazeisnomorethanabout5degreesofftoeitherside,theMonaLisaeffectoccurs.
Horstmannandhisco-authorwerestudyingthiseffectforitsapplicationinthecreationofartificial-intelligenceavatars(虚拟头像)whenHorstmanntookalonglookatthe“MonaLisa”andrealizedshewasn’tlookingathim.Tomakesureitwasn’tjusthim,theresearchersasked24peopletoviewimagesofthe“MonaLisa”onacomputerscreen.
Sowhydopeoplerepeatthebeliefthathereyesseemtofollowtheviewer?
Horstmannisn’tsure.It’spossible,hesaid,thatpeoplehavethedesiretobelookedat,sotheythinkthewomanislookingstraightatthem.Ormaybethepeoplewhofirstcoinedtheterm“MonaLisaeffect”justthoughtitwasacoolname.
8.Whatisgenerallybelievedaboutthewomaninthepainting“MonaLisa”?
A.Sheattractstheviewerstolookback.
B.Sheseemsmysteriousbecauseofhereyes.
C.Shefixeshereyesonthebackoftheviewers.
D.Shelooksattheviewerswherevertheystand.
9.WhatgazerangeinapaintingwillcausetheMonaLisaeffect?
A.B.
C.D.
10.Whywastheexperimentinvolving24peopleconducted?
A.ToconfirmHorstmann’sbelief.
B.Tocreateartificial-intelligenceavatars.
C.TocalculatetheangleofMonaLisa’sgaze.
D.ToexplainhowtheMonaLisaeffectcanbeapplied.
11.Whatcanwelearnfromthetext?
A.Horstmannthinksit’scooltocointheterm“MonaLisaeffect”.
B.TheMonaLisaeffectcontributestothecreationofartificialintelligence.
C.FeelingbeinggazedatbyMonaLisamaybecausedbythedesireforattention.
D.Thepositionoftherulerintheexperimentwillinfluencetheviewers’judgment.
D
Sparrowisafast-foodchainwith200restaurants.Someyearsago,thegrouptowhichSparrowbelongedwastakenoverbyanothercompany.AlthoughSparrowshowednosignofdeclining,thechainwasgenerallyinanunhealthystate.Withmoreandmorefast-foodconceptsreachingthemarket,theSparrowmenuhadtostruggleforattention.Andtomakemattersworse,itsnewownerhadnoplanstogiveitthefundsitrequired.
Sparrowfailedtogrowforanothertwoyears.UntilanewCEO,CarlPearson,decidedtobuildupitsmarketshare.Hedidasurvey,whichshowedthatconsumerswhoalreadyusedSparrowrestaurantswereextremelypositiveaboutthechain,whilecustomersofotherfast-foodchainswereunwillingtoturnawayfromthem.Sparrowhadtodevelopanewpromotionalcampaign.
PearsonfacedabattleoverthefutureoftheSparrowbrand.Thechain’sownernowfavoredrebrandingSparrowasMarcy’srestaurants.Pearsonresisted,arguingforanadvertisingcampaigndesignedtoconvincecustomersthatvisitstoSparrowrestaurantswerefun.Suchanattempttoestablishapositiverelationshipbetweenacompanyandthegeneralpublicwasunusualforthattime.Pearsonstronglybelievedthatnumberswerethekeytosuccess,ratherthancustomers’spendingpower.Finally,theowneracceptedhisidea.
Thecampaignitselfchangedthetraditionaladvertisingstyleofthefast-foodindustry.TheTVadsofSparrowfocusedonentertainmentandfeaturedoriginalsongsperformedbyavarietyofstars.Insteadofshowingthesuperiorityofaspecificproduct,theintentionwastoputSparrowintheheartsofpotentialcustomers.
PearsonalsomadeotherdecisionswhichhebelievedwouldcontributetothenewSparrowimage.Forexample,heofferedtolowertherentofanyrestaurantswhichachievedacertainincreaseintheirturnover(营业额).
Theseeffortspaidoff,andSparrowsoonbecameoneofthemostsuccessfulfast-foodchainsintheregionswhereitoperated.
12.WhichwasoneoftheproblemsSparrowfacedbeforePearsonbecameCEO?
A.Thenumberofitscustomerswasdeclining.
B.Itscustomersfoundthefoodunhealthy.
C.Itwasinneedoffinancialsupport.
D.Mostofitsrestaurantswereclosed.
13.ForwhatpurposedidPearsonstarttheadvertisingcampaign?
A.Tobuildagoodrelationshipwiththepublic.
B.TostresstheunusualtraditionofSparrow.
C.Tolearnaboutcustomers’spendingpowe
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