版高考英语北师大版一轮高考题型规范练十五必修5Unit 15.docx
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版高考英语北师大版一轮高考题型规范练十五必修5Unit 15.docx
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版高考英语北师大版一轮高考题型规范练十五必修5Unit15
高考题型规范练(十五) (必修5 Unit15)
高考题型规范练第58页
Ⅰ.阅读理解(共15小题;每小题2分,满分30分)
阅读下列短文,从每题所给的A、B、C和D四个选项中,选出最佳选项。
A
SichuancuisineisoneoftheeightmajorcuisinesofChina.Thecuisinefeaturesawiderangeofmaterials,differentcookingtechniquesandnumeroustastes.Witharichvarietyofstrongflavors,Sichuanfoodisfamousforitscountlessdelicacies(佳肴)withpeppery(胡椒味的),chiliflavors,andbestknownforbeingspicy-hot.IfyoufindtheSichuandishestoomild,thenyouareprobablynoteatingauthenticSichuancuisine.Chilipeppersandpricklyash(花椒)areusedinmanydishes,givingitatypicallyspicytaste,calledMainChinese.Itoftenleavesaslightnumbsensationinthemouth.Thankstothedevelopmentofglobaltrade,chilipepperswerespreadtoSichuanbyAmericansinthe18thcentury,whichgreatlyinfluenceflavorofSichuancuisines.
AsoneoftheeightmajorcuisinesofChina,Hunancuisineisfamousforitshotandspicy.PeoplemaybeconfusedthatwhatisthedifferencebetweenHunancuisineandSichuancuisine,forthecharacteristicsofthemarehotandspicy.HunancuisinemainlyoriginatesfromDongtingLakeareaandwesternHunanmountainarea.WaterfoodandpoultryaremaincookingmaterialsofDongtingLakeareacuisine,whichtastesaltyandspicy.However,manykindsofmeatarethemaincookingmaterialsofwesternHunanmountainareacuisines;thetastesaresalted,fresh,spicyandsour.
ThecookingskillsemployedintheHunancuisinereachedahighstandardasearlyastheWesternHanDynasty,givingitahistoryofmorethan2,100years.HunanislocatedinsoutheasternChinaalongthemiddlereachesoftheYangtzeRiver.Itcontainsrivers,lakes,mountains,rollinghills,plains,andpools.Makingfulluseoftheserichresources,localpeoplecreatedawidevarietyofdelicacies.
【语篇导读】本文是说明文。
文章介绍了中华优秀文化传统:
中国八大菜系中的川菜和湘菜。
1.Whatdoestheauthordisagreewithaccordingtothepassage?
A.SichuancuisineisoneofthemostfamouscuisinesinChina.
B.ChilipepperswerespreadtoChinafromAmericainthe18thcentury.
C.Sichuancuisineshouldbespicy-hotwithchilipeppersandpricklyash.
D.TypicalSichuancuisineusesmanycookingtechniqueswithnumeroustastes.
答案B
解+析细节理解题。
根据第一段的最后一句可知,胡椒和辣椒是18世纪由美洲人传到中国来的,而不是从美洲传过来的。
故选B项。
2.WhatarethecharacteristicsofSichuancuisineandHunancuisine?
A.Bothofthemarespicyandsour.
B.Neitherofthemishotandspicy.
C.SichuancuisineisnumbbutHunancuisineissalty.
D.HunancusineuseschilibutSichuancusineusespeppers.
答案C
解+析推理判断题。
对比第一段的倒数第二句和第二段的倒数第二句可知,川菜长于麻辣而湘菜长于咸辣。
故选C项。
3.WhatcontributedtothecountlessdelicaciesofHunancuisine?
A.Alonghistory.B.Cleverforefathers.
C.Thespeciallandform.D.Saltandchilipeppers.
答案C
解+析推理判断题。
根据全文最后一句可知,湖南地处中国南方的长江中下游,那里有长江和大量的湖、大山和连绵的山峦、平原和水池。
正是其特殊的地形,食材才会如此多样化,菜肴也呈多样化。
B
Fifth-graderDominic—orNic,ashisfriendscallhim—andthegroupoffriendshe’swalkingwitharefromOyster-AdamsBilingualSchoolinNorthwestWashington.Togetherona“walkingschoolbus”,thesekidswalkeverydaytogettoschool.
“Ilovewalkingwithmyfriendstoschool,”Lizeysays.“Thisway,wehavehalfanhourtohangoutbeforeschool,andIfeelgood.”
Thewalkingschoolbusisanideatoencouragekidstowalktoschool.Sowhatisawalkingschoolbus,exactly?
“It’slikeacarpool(汽车共乘),exceptwewalk,”says10-year-oldStanton,who“rides”withNicandLizey.“Therearedifferentlittlestops,andthegroupjustkeepsgettingbiggerandbiggerwithmoreandmorekidsthecloserwegettoschool.”
“Walkingschoolbuseshavemanymerits,”saysLizey’smom,Meri,whostartedthe“bus”thattravels1.3mileseachmorningfromWoodleyParktoOyster-AdamsBilingualSchool.The“bus”runseverydayunlessit’scolderthan25degreesoutsideoritrainsheavily.Merisaystheeffortputinsettingupwhatshecalls“walkpool”helpsparentssavetimebecausetheytaketurnscheckingthewalk.Italsosavesenergyandcutsdownonneighborhoodtraffic.Havingfewercarsontheroadmeansbetterairquality.Italsoprovideskidswithachancetoexerciseandhavefun.
Buttherearerules,suchasbeingontime,stayingonthesidewalkandcrossingonlyatgreenlightsandwithincrosswalks.Nicsaysanotherruleisthat“yourfeetshouldmovefasterthanyourlips.”
“Butthatdoesn’tusuallyhappen,”Ruthiepointsout,“becauseNic’susuallysinging.”
【语篇导读】本文是说明文。
文章主要介绍了美国华盛顿区的走路校车。
4.HowdoesLizeyfeelaboutwalkingtoschool?
A.Tired.B.Bored.
C.Excited.D.Disappointed.
答案C
解+析推理判断题。
根据第二段中的“Ilovewalkingwithmyfriendstoschool”和“Ifeelgood”可知,Lizey认为走路去上学是一件赏心乐事。
5.Itturnsoutthatthewalkingschoolbus .
A.triestobringkidsclosertoeachother
B.increasesinsizeasitgetsclosetoschool
C.hasmanyeasily-brokenrules
D.runsinallweathers
答案B
解+析推理判断题。
根据第四段中的“thegroupjustkeepsgettingbiggerandbiggerwithmoreandmorekidsthecloserwegettoschool”可知,离学校越近,走路校车的队伍越庞大。
6.Whatdoestheunderlinedword“merits”inthetextmean?
A.Steps.B.Skills.
C.Problems.D.Advantages.
答案D
解+析词义猜测题。
该段接下来谈到的“helpsparentssavetime”,“savesenergyandcutsdownonneighborhoodtraffic”和“provideskidswithachancetoexerciseandhavefun”都是走路校车的好处,由此可知merits与advantages同义。
7.Whatisthebesttitleforthetext?
A.AWalktoSchoolisFunandGoodExercise
B.WalkingSchoolBusesAroundtheWorld
C.SharethePowerofWalking
D.CarPoolvsWalkPool
答案A
解+析主旨大意题。
通读全文不难发现,整篇文章围绕走路校车这个话题展开,向我们陈述了走路校车这个概念,它的好处以及规则等相关信息。
因此,A项概括了文章主旨,作为标题最合适。
C
Studieshaveshownmostpeoplefailtorealizehowmuchtimetheyspendontheirsmartphoneseachday.
FrankandAmelia’sfamilywereputtoatest,usingafreeappcalled“Moment—ScreenTimeTracker.”TheVascellaros—Frank,Amelia,14-year-oldtwinsFrankieandJoe,and17-year-oldSam—allsaidtheydidnotreallyknowtheywerespendingsomuchtimeontheirphoneseachday.
“Honestly,Idon’tfeellikeI’monmyphonealot,”AmeliaVascellarosaid.AmeliawasonherphonefarlessoftenthanFrank,accordingtotheapp.WhileAmeliaspentaboutanhourperdayonthephone,Frankspentclosertofourhoursonhisphone—whichcameasashocktohim.Thechildren’stimesvariedbuttheyoftenspentmorethanacoupleofhoursonthephoneaswell.
Dr.KirstenLindSealseesphoneusagecomeupalotamongfamilies.LindSealsaidmanyfamilymembers’phoneusehasbecomeproblematic.
“Ifwehearmorethanonce,‘Doyouhavetobeonyourphonerightnow?
Canyoupleaseputyourphonedown?
DidyouhearwhatIsaid?
’itmaybeasignitisnegatively(消极地)influencingourfamilyrelationshipsandourdailylives,”shesaid.
LindSealsaidactuallypayingattentiontohowmuchtimeonespendsonthephoneisagoodfirststepindecidingwhentoputitdown.
Sheasksparentstoencouragemoreface-to-facecommunicationforteensandyoungadultsastheycontinuedevelopingtheirsocialandemotionalskills.“Whatwefindisthatwearereallylosingoutonempathy—theabilitytounderstandotherpeople’sfeelingsandproblems—whenwespendalotoftimeonoursmartphonestocommunicatewithotherpeople,”shesaid.
【语篇导读】本文是议论文。
通过使用一款应用软件跟踪发现,很多人没有意识到自己每天花费很多时间使用手机。
8.HowdidtheVascellarosfeelaboutthetestresults?
A.Satisfied.B.Doubtful.
C.Surprised.D.Uninterested.
答案C
解+析推理判断题。
由第二、三段可知,Vascellaro一家对这个测试结果感到惊讶,他们没有想到自己每天花费那么多的时间使用手机。
9.WhydidLindSealmentionthethreequestionsinParagraph5?
A.Toencouragepeopletoliveasimplelife.
B.Toaskpeopleiftheyusephonestoomuch.
C.Toshowtheimportanceofcloserelationships.
D.Toexplainthesignsofproblematicphoneuse.
答案D
解+析推理判断题。
由第四段中的“LindSealsaidmanyfamilymembers’phoneusehasbecomeproblematic.”可知,LindSeal提出这三个问题是为了说明:
当我们被问这三个问题时,说明我们过多使用手机。
10.HowdidLindSealprobablythinkoftheapp?
A.Sheworriedaboutit.
B.Shewasinfavorofit.
C.Shefeltitwasawasteoftime.
D.Shethoughtitneededimprovements.
答案B
解+析推理判断题。
由倒数第二段中的“isagoodfirststepindecidingwhentoputitdown”可推断,LindSeal支持这款应用软件。
11.Whatisthetextmainlyconcernedwith?
A.Toomuchuseofsmartphones.
B.Theinfluenceofappsonteens.
C.Children’ssafetyontheInternet.
D.Problemsamongfamilymembers.
答案A
解+析主旨大意题。
通读全文可知,本文主要关注的是人们过度使用手机的问题。
D
Susancouldn’thelpit.Sheandherfriendsbeganlunchwithcheese.Thentheyatecheeseburgersanddrankmilk.Thingsseemedfine,butthensuddenlySusan’sstomachstartedmakingnoise.Herstomachhurt,and,racingtotherestroom,shehadterriblegas!
Shewassoashamed.Shehadbeensoexcitedtogotolunchwithherfriendsthatshetotallyforgottowatchhowmanydairyproductssheate!
Susanislactoseintolerant(乳糖不耐受的),andeatingtoomanydairyfoodscanmakeherfeelreallysick.
Lactoseintolerancemeansthatthebodycan’teasilydigestaspecialsugarcalledlactose.UnfortunatelyforSusanandmillionsofotherpeoplewiththisproblem,lactoseisfoundinalmostalldairyproducts—cheese,milkandicecream.
Ourbodyuseslactase(乳糖分解酵素)tobreaklactoseintoasimplerformofsugar.Oncelactoseisbrokendown,it’seasytodigestanditprovidesgreatenergyforthebody.ButpeoplelikeSusandon’thaveenoughlactasetobreakdownallthelactosetheytakein.So,abouthalfanhourtotwohoursaftereatingdairy-richfoods,theirstomachsbegintohurtandtheyhavegas,makingtheirstomachsgetbigger.Sometimestheyevengetdiarrhea(腹泻)whentheyeattoomanydairyfoods.
Sohowcansomeonewiththisproblemstilleatoutwithhisorherfriends?
Herearesometips.Ifyou’regoingtoeatadairy-richfoodlikeicecream,eatsomethingthatdoesn’thaveanydairywithit,likeasaladorasandwichwithoutcheese.Thiswillhelpslowdigestion,andyourbodywillhavetimetocreatemorelactase.
【语篇导读】本文是说明文。
文章通过举例说明了乳糖不耐受症的症状和产生的原因,并对患有乳糖不耐受症
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