《三十六计》中英文对照.docx
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《三十六计》中英文对照.docx
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《三十六计》中英文对照
《三十六计》中英文对照
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《三十六计》中英文对照
《孙子兵法》三十六计(Thirty-SixStratagems)乃兵家之经典著作。
语源于南北朝,成书于明清,是汉民族悠久文化遗产之一。
古人学好三十六计,带兵打胜券在握。
现代人习之,在商场职场生活领域中,古为今用。
而三十六计在外国也极受欢迎,今天就来学习下《三十六计》的中英文表达吧!
第一套胜战计WinningStratagems
第一计瞒天过海
crossingtheseaunder camouflage
备周则意怠;常见则不疑。
阴在阳之内,不在阳之对。
太阳,太阴。
Mask yourrealgoals,byusingthe ruseofa fakegoal, until therealgoalisachieved.Tactically,this is knownasan'open feint':
infrontofeveryone,youpointwest, when your goalisactuallyinthe east.
第二计围魏救赵
relieving thestate ofZhaobybesiegingthe stateof Wei
共敌不如分敌;敌阳不如敌阴。
Whentheenemyistoo strongtobe attackeddirectly,thenattacksomethingheholdsdear. Know that he cannotbe superior inallthings.Somewherethereisa gapinthearmour,aweaknessthat canbeattackedinstead.
Theidea hereis toavoida head-onbattlewitha strongenemy, andinsteadstrike athis weaknesselsewhere.This willforce thestrong enemytoretreatinordertosupporthisweakness.Battlingagainst thenowtiredandlow-morale enemywillgivea muchhigherchanceofsuccess.
第三计借刀杀人
killingsomeonewith a borrowedknife
敌已明,友示定,引友杀敌,不自出力,以《损》推演。
Whenyou donothavethemeanstoattack your enemydirectly,thenattackusingthestrengthof another.Trick anallyintoattackinghim,bribe anofficial toturntraitor,orusetheenemy's ownstrengthagainsthim.
第四计以逸待劳
waitingatone'seasefor theexhaustedenemy
困敌之势,不以战;损刚益柔。
It isanadvantagetochoosethe timeandplace forbattle.Inthiswayyouknow whenandwherethebattlewill takeplace,whileyour enemydoesnot.Encourageyour enemytoexpendhisenergyinfutile questswhileyou conserveyourstrength. Whenheisexhausted and confused, youattackwithenergyandpurpose.
第五计 趁火打劫
lunderinga burning house
敌之害大,就势取利,刚决柔也。
Whenacountryis besetbyinternalconflicts,when diseaseandfamineravagethepopulation,whencorruption andcrime are rampant,thenitwillbeunabletodealwithan outsidethreat.Thisisthetime toattack.
第六计声东击西
makingafeintto theeastand attackinginthe west
敌志乱萃,不虞,坤下兑上之象。
利其不自主而取之。
Inanybattletheelement ofsurprisecan provideanoverwhelmingadvantage.Evenwhenfacetofacewithanenemy, surprisecanstillbeemployed byattackingwhereheleast expectsit.Todothisyou must create an expectationin theenemy'smindthrough theuseofafeint.
第二套 敌战计EnemyDealing Stratagems
第七计无中生有
creating something out ofnothing
诳也,非诳也,实其所诳也。
少阴,太阴,太阳。
Youuse thesamefeinttwice.Havingreactedto the firstand oftenthesecondfeintaswell,theenemywillbehesitanttoreacttoathird feint. Therefore thethirdfeint istheactual attack第八计暗度陈仓
catchingyourenemywithhisguarddown.
advancingsecretly by anunknownpath
示之以动,利其静而有主,“益动而巽”。
Deceivetheenemywithanobvious approach thatwill take avery long time,whilesurprisinghimby takingashortcutandsneakupto him.Astheenemyconcentratesonthe decoy,hewill missyousneakingup tohim.
第九计隔岸观火
watchinga firefrom theothersideoftheriver
阳乖序乱,阴以待逆。
暴戾恣睢,其势自毙。
顺以动豫,豫顺以动。
Delayenteringthefieldofbattleuntilalltheotherplayers have become exhausted fighting amongstthemselves. Thengoinat fullstrength andpickup the pieces.
第十计笑里藏刀
coveringthedaggerwitha smile
信而安之,阴以图之。
备而后动,勿使有变。
刚中柔外也。
Charmandingratiateyourselfwithyour enemy.Whenyouhavegained histrust, moveagainst himinsecret.
第十一计李代桃僵
almingoff substitutefortherealthing
势必有损,损阴以益阳。
Therearecircumstancesinwhichyoumust sacrifice short-termobjectivesinorder togainthelong-termgoal.This isthescapegoatstrategywherebysomeoneelsesufferstheconsequencessothatthe restdonot.
第十二计顺手牵羊pickingupsomethinginpassing
微隙在所必乘,微利在所必得。
少阴,少阳。
Whilecarryingout yourplansbeflexibleenoughtotakeadvantageofany opportunitythatpresentsitself,howeversmall, andavailyourself ofanyprofit,howeverslight.
AttackingStratagems第三套:
攻战计
第十三计打草惊蛇beatingthe grasstofrightenthesnake
疑以叩实,察而后动。
复者,阴之媒也。
Dosomethingunaimed,butspectacular("hitting thegrass")toprovokearesponse oftheenemy("startle thesnake"),therebygivingawayhisplansor position,orjust taunthim.
Dosomething unusual,strange, andunexpectedasthiswillarouse theenemy'ssuspicion anddisrupthisthinking. Morewidelyusedas "[Donot]startlethesnakebyhittingthegrass".Animprudentactwill giveyourpositionorintentionsawayto the enemy.
第十四计借尸还魂
有用者,不可借;不能用者,求借。
借不能用者而用之。
匪我求童蒙,童蒙求我。
Takeaninstitution,a technology,amethod,orevenanideologythathas beenforgottenordiscardedandappropriateitfor yourownpurpose.
Revivesomethingfromthepastbygiving it anewpurposeorbring tolifeoldideas, customs, or traditionsandreinterpretthem tofityourpurposes.
第十五计调虎离山
待天以困之,用人以诱之,往蹇来返。
Neverdirectlyattackanopponentwhoseadvantageisderived from its position.Insteadlurehimaway from his position thus separatinghim fromhissourceofstrength.
第十六计 欲擒故纵
逼则反兵,走则减势。
紧随勿迫,累其气力,消其斗志,散而后擒,兵不血刃。
需,有孚,光。
Corneredpreywilloften mountafinaldesperateattack. Topreventthisyoulettheenemybelieve hestillhas achancefor freedom.
His will tofightisthus dampened byhisdesiretoescape. Whenintheendthefreedom isprovenafalsehoodtheenemy'smoralewillbe defeatedandhewillsurrenderwithouta fight.
第十七计抛砖引玉
类以诱之,击蒙也。
Bait someonebymakinghimbelievehegainssomethingor justmakehimreact toit("tossout a brick")andobtainsomethingvaluablefrom himin return ("getajadegem").
第十八计擒贼擒王capturingtheringleaderfirstinorder tocaptureall the follower
摧其坚,夺其魁,以解其体。
龙战于野,其道穷也。
Iftheenemy'sarmy isstrongbutisalliedtothe commanderonlybymoney,superstition orthreats,thentakeaim attheleader.
Ifthecommanderfallsthe restofthe armywilldisperse orcomeovertoyourside.
If,however,theyareallied totheleaderthrough loyaltythen beware,the armycancontinuetofighton afterhisdeathoutofvengeance.
第四套:
混战计Chaos Stratagems
第十九计釜底抽薪
extractingthefirewoodfrom underthecauldro
不敌其力,而消其势,兑下乾上之象。
Takeout the leadingargument orassetofsomeone;"stealsomeone'sthunder".Thisistheveryessenceofindirectapproach:
insteadofattackingenemy's fightingforces,theattacks aredirectedagainsthis ability to wagewar.
第二十计混水摸鱼
乘其阴乱,利其弱而无主。
随,以向晦入宴息。
Createconfusionand usethisconfusionto furtheryourowngoals.
第二十一计金蝉脱壳
存其形,完其势;友不疑,敌不动。
巽而止蛊。
Mask yourself. Eitherleave one'sdistinctivetraitsbehind, thusbecominginconspicuous, or masqueradeassomethingorsomeoneelse.
Thisstrategyis mainlyused toescapefromenemy ofsuperiorstrength.
第二十二计关门捉贼
小敌困之。
剥,不利有攸往。
Tocaptureyourenemy,ormoregenerally infightingwars,to deliverthefinalblow toyourenemy,youmustplanprudentlyifyou wanttosucceed. Donotrushintoaction.
Before you"moveinfor the kill",firstcutoffyourenemy'sescaperoutes,and cutoffanyroutesthroughwhichoutsidehelp canreachthem.
第二十三计远交近攻
形禁势格,利从近取,害以远隔。
上火下泽。
Itis knownthat nationsthatbordereach other becomeenemieswhilenationsseparatedbydistanceandobstacles makebetter allies.
Whenyouarethestrongestin one field, yourgreatest threatis fromthesecondstrongestinyourfield, notthestrongestfromanotherfield.
第二十四计假道伐虢
两大之间,敌胁以从,我假以势。
困,有言不信。
Borrowtheresourcesof an allyto attack acommonenemy. Oncetheenemyis defeated,usethoseresourcesto turnontheally thatlentyoutheminthefirst place.
第五套:
并战计ProximateStratagems
第二十五计偷梁换柱
频更其阵,抽其劲旅,待其自败,而后乘之。
曳其轮也。
Disrupt theenemy'sformations,interferewiththeirmethods of operations,changetherulesinwhichtheyare used tofollowing, go contrary totheirstandardtraining.
In thiswayyouremovethesupportingpillar,thecommon linkthatmakes agroup ofmenaneffective fightingforce.
reviling/abusingthelocusttree whilepointingto themulberry
第二十六计指桑骂槐
大凌小者,警以诱之。
刚中而应,行险而顺。
Todiscipline,control, orwarnotherswhose statusor positionexcludes themfrom directconfrontation; useanalogyandinnuendo.Withoutdirectly namingnames,thoseaccusedcannotretaliatewithoutrevealingtheir complicity.
第二十七计假痴不癫
feigningmadnesswithoutbecominginsane
宁伪作不知不为,不伪作假知妄为。
静不露机,云雷屯也。
Hidebehindthemaskofafool,adrunk,ora madmantocreateconfusion aboutyour intentionsand motivations.Lureyour opponentintounderestimating your ability until,overconfident,he drops hisguard.Thenyoumayattack.
第二十八计上屋抽梯
removingthe ladderaftertheenemyhasclimbeduptheroof
假之以便,唆之使前,断其援应,陷之死地。
遇毒,位不当也。
With baitsand deceptions,lureyour enemy into treacherous terrain.Thencutoff hislinesofcommunicationand avenueofescape.Tosavehimself,hemust fight bothyourown forcesandthe elementsof nature.
第二十九计树上开花
uttingartificialflowerson tree
借局布势,力小势大。
鸿渐于陆,其羽可以为仪也。
Tyingsilk blossomson adeadtreegivestheillusionthatthetreeishealthy.Throughtheuseofartificeanddisguise, make somethingofnovalue appearvaluable;of nothreatappeardangerous;ofnouse appear useful.
第三十计 反客为主
turningfromtheguest into thehost
乘隙插足,扼其主机,渐之进也。
Usurpleadershipin asituationwhere youarenormallysubordinate.Infiltrateyourtarget.Initially,pretendtobea guest tobeaccepted, butdevelopfrominsideandbecometheownerlater.
第六套:
败战计DesperateStratagems
第三十一计 美人计
usingseductivewomentocorrupt theenemy
兵强者,攻其将;将智者,伐其情。
将弱兵颓,其势自萎。
利用御寇,顺相保也。
Sendyourenemy beautifulwomentocausediscordwithinhiscamp.Thisstrategy canworkon threelevels.
First,therulerbecomessoenamouredwiththebeauty that heneglectshisdutiesandallowshisvigilancetowane.
Second,othermalesatcourt will
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