英国文化与文化对比英文.docx
- 文档编号:5147397
- 上传时间:2022-12-13
- 格式:DOCX
- 页数:3
- 大小:17.78KB
英国文化与文化对比英文.docx
《英国文化与文化对比英文.docx》由会员分享,可在线阅读,更多相关《英国文化与文化对比英文.docx(3页珍藏版)》请在冰豆网上搜索。
英国文化与文化对比英文
Documentserialnumber【NL89WT-NY98YT-NC8CB-NNUUT-NUT108】
英国文化与文化对比英文
Westernstudentsenjoyaseeminglyrelaxededucationalexperience.This,however,isnotthecaseforstudentsinAsia,whofacecrushingworkloadsandareoftenverydisciplined.InthefirstpartofherGlobalist.?
Thedecisionispartlybasedonaninability—orunwillingness—tospendthousandsofdollarsintuitionfees,especiallygiventhesuspicionthatlocalschoolsarebetteranyway.Afterall,whatmorecouldonewantfromabasiceducationthanastronggroundinginlanguage,mathandscience,allsubjectsinwhichAsianschoolsfamouslyexcel.Ourmainconcernistheabilityofourson—andindeedthewholefamily—toadapttothestrictdiligencethatisexpectedoftheChinese.Apprehensionincreaseswhentalkingtolocalfriends.?
Chinahasalonghistoryofstandardizedtests,beginningwiththeancientimperialexamsinitiatedduringtheSuiChenisatthetopoftheclassattheShanghaiforeignlanguageschool,oneofthecity’sbestmiddleschools.AlreadynearfluentinEnglish,sheisstudyingGermanandranksamongthehighestinhergradeinphysics.HergoalistogetafullscholarshiptoHarvardtostudybiochemistry.ItisnotonlyWesternexpatriatesthatgrowanxiouswhenhearingaboutstudentslikeShelly.?
ThroughoutEngland,politicians,parentsandpunditsworrythattheindustriousnessanddisciplineofkidsintheEastareleavingrelativelyrelaxedWesternerstrailingbehind.Thoughthereissomedebatesurroundingthestatistics,itiswidelybelievedthatNorthAmericaisfailingtoproducesufficientgraduatesinsciencesandlesscontroversyattendstheobservationthatmathscoresthroughouttheWestrankwellbelowthoseofmostAsiancountries.Asaresult,thereisadeepeningconsensusthat,inordertomaintainitscompetitiveedge,?
ChinesestudentsaretaughtthatallquestionshavebutonerightanswerandthereislittleroomforAmericaneducationneedstomoveawayfromanemphasisonfun,flexibilityandindividuallearning,ithastoshifttowardsamorestrict,disciplinedteachingenvironmentthatmathandscience,inparticular,seemtoshiftcanbediscernedeveninCanada,wheretherearenocollegeentranceexams,andwhere,standardizedtesting,memorizationandrotelearninghavelongbeenfrownedupon.?
Nevertheless,thereisamountingchoruscomplainingthattheprominencegiventocreativitycheatsstudentsoutofaproperlikescienceteacherSumitraRajagopalanareentreatingCanadianeducatorstoadoptamoreAsianpedagogicalphilosophybasedon“constantrepetition,recitation,grillinganddrilling”.IntheUnitedStates,theriseofChinaandIndiaisputtingevenmoreemphasisonthedemandforeducationreform.?
Tougherstandards,Newpolicies—suchasNoChildLeftBehind—haveledtoanincreasedstressonstandardizedtesting.?
Inthe2006StateoftheUnionaddress,PresidentGeorgeW.BushmentionedthethreatofAsia’sgiantsspecificallywhenintroducinghis“CompetitiveInitiative”,aprogramthatpromisessubstantialfundsfortheteachingofbasicmathandscience.?
Butinanironictwist,thereisanincreasingdesiretomakeeducationmoreEnglandinChina.ManynowagreethatthelackofcreativityinChina’seducationsystemwillsoonproveamajorstumblingblockinthecountry’scontinuingdevelopment.?
Governmentandbusinessleadersworryaboutaderivative,manufacturing-basedeconomy,whichisunabletoinnovatecoretechnology,lacksmajorresearchanddevelopmentprojects—andlagsfarbehindincreativesectorslikemarketinganddesign.?
Alackofflexibilityandinabilityofindividualstotaketheinitiativeaffectstheentireservicesector,paralyzingemployeesateverylevel.Arrivinglateforthesetbreakfastatafive-starhotelinChengdu,forexample,I,alongwithagroupofotherforeigners,foundthatthecoffeehadrunout.Ourrequestformorethrewthestaffintowasnotuntilaseriesofmeetingshadbeenheldandpermissionsoughtfromseniormanagementthatafreshpotcouldbeeventrivialproblemsupthemanagementhierarchyinthiswayissimplyimpossibleinasophisticatedpost-industrialsociety.?
Chinahasimplementedasetofreformsknownas“qualityeducation”.Thispolicy,whichaimstoteachcreativityandemphasizecharacterdevelopment,hasresultedincertainconcreteshiftsincludingchangestotextbooks,anincreasedemphasisonoralskillsinlanguagelearning—andvariousattemptstogetteacherstoencouragestudentparticipation.?
MostChinese,however,areskepticalthatanythingotherthansurfacetransformationistakingplace.Astheyarequicktopointout,theunderlyingissue—aneducationsystemrootedinstandardizedtests—hasyettobealtered.?
ChinesestudentsachievenearperfectscoresonWesternstandardizedexams.Butwhengoabroad,theyfindthemselvesillpreparedfortheeducation.?
Today,nationaltestsdeterminewhichelementary,highschoolanduniversityastudentwillattend.Theyarestillthesinglemostimportantfactorindecidingone’sgeneralcareerpath.?
TheweightgiventotestingisregularlycriticizedthroughoutChinesesociety.Newspapersandmagazinescommonlyreportontheextremepressureofthegeneralexams.?
StoriesrangefromconcernoverthesuicideratetobizarreanecdotesliketheoneaboutgirlsinGuangdongprovincewhoaresaidtohaveboughtupmassquantitiesofcontraceptivepillsandthentakenthemduringthetestperiod—inthehopeofwardingofftheilleffectsoftheirmenstrualtheseconcerns,thereislittlerealimpetusforthetestingsystemtochange.InChina,standardizedtestsareseenastheonlywaytoguaranteemeritocracyandensurefairness.TheCanadianmethodofgrantinguniversityadmissiononthebasisofinterviewsandgradepointaveragesisseenasfartooChina,manybelievethatinasystemlikethisthebestschools,universitiesandjobswouldgoonlytothosewiththerightguanxii(connections).China’semphasisonmemorizationandrotelearninghassignificantconsequences.Studentsaretaughtthatallquestionshavebutonerightanswerandthereislittleroomfordebateandoriginalthought.?
Subjectslikehistoryandpoliticsarefocusedsolelyondatesandnames.EventheChineselanguageexam,whichrequiresstudentstowriteessays,allocatesgradesaccordingtohowwellonecanquoteclassicaltextsandidioms.?
Passingtrivialproblemsupthemanagementhierarchyissimplyimpossibleinasophisticatedpost-industrialsociety.?
Asaresult,ChinesestudentsdevelopwhatappearstomanyWesternersasashockingcapacityformemorization.Manyareabletoreciteentirearticlesandtherearestoriesofsomewhoarecapableofcommittingtheentiredictionarytomemory.?
Chinesestudentsthusregularlyachievenear-perfectscoresonthestandardizedexamsofEuropeandEngland.whentheygoabroadmanyofthesestudentsfindtheyareill-preparedforWesterneducation.ChinesestudentswithphenomenalTOEFL(TestofEnglishasaForeignLanguage)scoresareoftenincapableoftakingpartinsimpleEnglishconversation.?
AtleastonegraduateschoolinoneofEngland’smosteliteuniversitieshasnowbecomewaryofacceptingstudentsfromChinaforthisskillssuchasin-classparticipation,seminarpresentationsandindividualresearchprojects,commonpracticeinelementaryschoolsinNorthAmerica,arelargelyunheardofintheChineseclassroom—eveninmostuniversities.?
Nationaltestsdeterminewhichschoolastudentwillattend.Theyarethemostimportantfactorindecidingone’scareerpath.?
Moreover,thestressonoriginalthinkingandstrictrulesregardingplagiarismoftenseembafflingtostudentsfromChina.AnAmericanteacherworkinginYunnanprovincetellsofencounteringthisculturaldividewhentwostudentshandedintheexactsameessayforanin-classexam.
Becauseofdiffrenttraditionsandcultures,therearemanydiffrencesbetweenChineseeducationandBritisheducation.
Firstly,theChineseeducationis"nineyearcompulsoryeducation".MostofschoolsarepublicthetutionscomefromthetheBritisheducationisalsocompulsorytheschoolsystemistwo-tracksystemwhichincludedthepublicschoolandtheprivatethetutionsarefreeinthepublicschoolwhilethosecomefromthestudents'parentsintheprivateschool.
Secondly,theChineseschoolsonlyhavesomesubjects,suchasChinese,maths,English,history,physicsandsoChinesestudentsmuststudythesesubjectseverytheymustworkhardthattheyhardlyhavespareinBritain,thestudentshavechancestochooseanelectivecourcetoexpandtheirknowledgeandtheyhavemuchmoresparetimetoplaythanChinesestudents.
Finally,theChineseeducationalsystemisveryofstudentshavetopassthecollegeentrancethentheycangotocollegetostudyainBritain,thestudentshavemanychoicestoaremanytechnologybodycanenterwithoutcertisficationandlimetedage.
AlthoughtherearemanydifferencesbetweentheChineseeducantionandtheBritisheducation,theyhavesomeadventagesanddisadventagesinsomeaspects.
- 配套讲稿:
如PPT文件的首页显示word图标,表示该PPT已包含配套word讲稿。双击word图标可打开word文档。
- 特殊限制:
部分文档作品中含有的国旗、国徽等图片,仅作为作品整体效果示例展示,禁止商用。设计者仅对作品中独创性部分享有著作权。
- 关 键 词:
- 英国 文化 对比 英文
![提示](https://static.bdocx.com/images/bang_tan.gif)