考博英语95 1.docx
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考博英语95 1.docx
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考博英语951
考博英语-95
(总分:
90.00,做题时间:
90分钟)
一、{{B}}PartⅠVocabulary{{/B}}(总题数:
10,分数:
10.00)
1.Allspecialistsagreethatthemostimportantconsiderationwithdietdrugsiscarefullytherisksandbenefits.
(分数:
1.00)
A.valuing
B.evaluating √
C.estimating
D.weighing
解析:
2.Andthetopic"fat"isforbidden.Eventheslightestpaunchbetraysthatoneislosingthetrimand______ofyouth.
(分数:
1.00)
A.vague
B.vigor √
C.vogue
D.vulgar
解析:
3.Chineseoftenshakemyhandanddon'tletgo.Theytalkawaycontentedly,______ofmydiscomfortandstruggletodisengagemyhand.
(分数:
1.00)
A.oblivious √
B.patent
C.obvious
D.pernicious
解析:
4.Manywell-educatedpeopledon'tbelievethat______willendangerfreedomofspeech.
(分数:
1.00)
A.censership
B.censureship
C.sensorship
D.censorship √
解析:
5.Thechiefeditorthoughthetooksomelibertieswiththeoriginalintranslation.Soitwasnecessarythathemakethe______suggested.
(分数:
1.00)
A.alterations √
B.alternatives
C.alternations
D.altercations
解析:
6.The______of"snake"issimplythis:
aleglessreptilewithalong,thinbody.
(分数:
1.00)
A.connotation
B.denomination √
C.donation
D.denotation
解析:
7.Theword"foolish"istoomildtodescribeyourbehavior,Iwouldprefertheword______.
(分数:
1.00)
A.ideological
B.idyllic
C.idiotic √
D.idiomatic
解析:
8.Becauseofitsexcellenceinquality,forthelasttwoyears,AudicarhasGermany'sTouringCarChampionship.
(分数:
1.00)
A.conquered √
B.contested
C.dominated
D.determined
解析:
9.Whatweconsideraluxuryatonetimefrequentlybecomesa______,manyfamiliesfindthatownershipoftwocarsisindispensable.
(分数:
1.00)
A.fashion
B.necessity √
C.proclivity
D.nuisance
解析:
10.WhentheopposingplayerfouledJohn,Johnlethisanger______hisgoodsenseandhittheboyback.
(分数:
1.00)
A.gotthefeelof
B.gotthehangof
C.gotthebetterof √
D.gottheworstof
解析:
二、{{B}}SectionB{{/B}}(总题数:
10,分数:
10.00)
11.Trivialbreachesofregulationswecanpassover,butmoreseriousoneswillhavetobeinvestigated.
(分数:
1.00)
A.exceed
B.wither
C.overpass √
D.neglect
解析:
12.AlthoughthisbookclaimstobeabiographyofGeorgeWashington,manyoftheincidentsareimaginary.
(分数:
1.00)
A.fascinating
B.factitious
C.fastidious
D.fictitious √
解析:
13.Thedoctorswereworriedbecausethepatientdidnotrecuperateasrapidlyastheyhadexpected.
(分数:
1.00)
A.withdraw
B.emerge
C.recover √
D.uncover
解析:
14.TheearthquakethatoccurredinIndiathisyearwasamajorcalamityinwhichagreatmanyliveswerelost.
(分数:
1.00)
A.casualty
B.catastrophe √
C.catalogue
D.crusade
解析:
15.Hewasconcernedonlywithmundanematters,especiallythedailystockmarketquotations.
(分数:
1.00)
A.rational
B.obscure
C.worldly √
D.eminent
解析:
16.Wewerediscussingthehousingproblemwhenamiddle-agedmancutinandsaid,"There'snopointintalkingaboutimpossibilities."
(分数:
1.00)
A.intersect
B.interject √
C.penetrate
D.adulterate
解析:
17.Thepurchaserofthislorryisprotectedbythemanufacturer's{{U}}warranty{{/U}}thathewillreplaceanydefectivepartforfiveyearsor50000miles.AprohibitionB.insuranceC.prophecyD.guarantee
(分数:
1.00)
A.
B.
C.
D. √
解析:
18.Theboycouldnotreconcilehimselftothefailure,hedidnotbelievethatwashislot.
(分数:
1.00)
A.submit
B.commit √
C.transmit
D.permit
解析:
19.ThetradefairisdesignedtofacilitatefurthercooperationbetweenChineseautoindustriesandoverseasautoindustries.
(分数:
1.00)
A.promote √
B.protect
C.preserve
D.prolong
解析:
20.InsomecitiesofNorthChina,thenoisepollutionisaspronouncedasthatinTokyo.
(分数:
1.00)
A.contemptuous
B.contagious
C.conspicuous √
D.contemplated
解析:
三、{{B}}PartⅡReadingComprehension{{/B}}(总题数:
3,分数:
15.00)
{{B}}PassageOne{{/B}}
Beforethemid-nineteenthcentury,peopleintheUnitedStatesatemostfoodsonlyinseason.Drying,smoking,andsaltingcouldpreservemeatforashorttime,buttheavailabilityoffreshmeat,likethatoffreshmilk,wasverylimited,therewasnowayto{{U}}prevent{{/U}}spoilage,Butin1810aFrenchinventornamedNicolasAppertdevelopedthecooking-and-sealingprocessofcanning.Andinthe1850'sanAmericannamedGailBordendevelopedameansofcondensingandpreservingmilk.
Cannedgoodsandcondensedmilkbecamemorecommonduringthe1860's,butsuppliesremainedlowbecausecanshadtobemadebyhand.By1880,however,inventorshadfashionedstampingandsolderingmachinesthatmass-producedcansfromtinplate.Suddenlyallkindsoffoodcouldbepreservedandboughtatalltimesoftheyear.
OthertrendsandinventionshadalsohelpedmakeitpossibleforAmericanstovarytheirdailydiet.Growingurbanpopulationscreateddemandthatencouragedfruitandvegetablefarmerstoraisemoreproduce.Railroadrefrigeratorcarsenabledgrowersandmeatpackerstoshipperishablesgreatdistancesandtopreservethemforlongerperiods.Thus,bythe1890's,northerncitydwellerscouldenjoysouthernandwesternstrawberries,grapes,andtomatoes,previouslyavailableforamonthatmost,foruptosixmonthsoftheyear.Inaddition,increaseduseoficeboxesenabledfamiliestostoreperishables.Alleasymeansofproducingicecommerciallyhadbeeninventedinthe1870's,andby1900thenationhadmorethantwothousandcommercialiceplants,mostofwhichmadehomedeliveries.Theiceboxbecameafixtureinmosthomesandremainedsountilthemechanizedrefrigeratorreplaceditinthe1920'sand1930's.
(分数:
5.00)
(1).Whatdoesthepassagemainlydiscuss?
(分数:
1.00)
A.Causesoffoodspoilage
B.Commercialproductionofice
C.InventionsthatledtochangesintheAmericandiet √
D.Populationmovementinthenineteenthcentury
解析:
(2).Theworld"prevent"inline4isclosestinmeaningto______.(分数:
1.00)
A.estimate
B.avoid √
C.correct
D.confine
解析:
(3).Duringthe1860's,cannedfoodproductswere______.(分数:
1.00)
A.unavailableinruralareas
B.shippedinrefrigeratorcars
C.availableinlimitedquantities √
D.astaplepartoftheAmericandiet
解析:
(4).Itcanbeinferredthatrailroadrefrigeratorcarscameintouse______.(分数:
1.00)
A.before1860
B.before1890 √
C.after1900
D.after1920
解析:
(5).Theauthorimpliesthatinthe1920'sand1930'shomedeliveriesofice______.(分数:
1.00)
A.decreasedinnumber √
B.wereonanirregularschedule
C.increasedincost.
D.occurredonlyinthesummer
解析:
{{B}}PassageTwo{{/B}}
MasstransportationrevisedthesocialandeconomicfabricoftheAmericancityinthreefundamentalways.Itcatalyzedphysicalexpansion,itsortedoutpeopleandlanduses,anditacceleratedtheinherentinstabilityofurbanlife.Byopeningvastareasofunoccupiedlandforresidentialexpansion,theomnibuses,horserailways,commutertrains,andelectrictrolleyspulledsettledregionsoutwardtwotofourtimesmoredistantfromcitycentersthantheywereinthepremodernera.In1850,forexample,thebordersofBostonlayscarcelytwomilesfromtheoldbusinessdistrict.Bytheturnofthecenturytheradiusextendedtenmiles.Nowthosewhocouldafforditcouldlivefarremovedfromtheoldcitycenterandstillcommutethereforwork,shopping,andentertainment.Thenewaccessibilityoflandaroundtheperipheryofalmosteverymajorcitysparkedanexplosionofrealestatedevelopmentandpulledwhatwenowknowasurbansprawl.Between1890and1920,forexample,some250000newresidentiallotswererecordedwithinthebordersofChicago;mostofthemlocatedinoutlyingareas.Overthesameperiod,another550000wereplottedoutsidethecitylimitsbutwithinthemetropolitanarea.Anxioustotakeadvantageofthepossibilitiesofcommuting,realestatedevelopersadded800000potentialbuildingsitstotheChicagoregioninjustthirtyyearslotsthatcouldhavehousedfivetosixmillionpeople.
(分数:
5.00)
(1).Withwhichofthefollowingsubjectsisthepassagemainlyconcerned?
(分数:
1.00)
A.Typesofmasstransportation
B.Instabilityofurbanlife
C.Howsupplyanddemanddeterminelanduse
D.Theeffectsofmasstransportationonurbanexpansion √
解析:
(2).TheauthormentionsallofthefollowingaseffectsofmasstransportationoncitiesEXCEPT.(分数:
1.00)
A.growthincityarea
B.separationofcommercialandresidentialdistricts √
C.changesinlifeintheinnercity
D.increasingstandardsofliving.
解析:
(3).Theword"vast"inline3isclosestinmeaningto______.(分数:
1.00)
A.large √
B.basic
C.new
D.urban
解析:
(4).Theword"sparked"inline11isclosestinmeaningto______.(分数:
1.00)
A.broughtabout √
B.surrounded
C.sentout
D.followed
解析:
(5).WhydoestheauthormentionbothBostonandChicago?
(分数:
1.00)
A.Todemonstratepositiveandnegativeeffectsofgrowth
B.Toshowthatmasstransitchangedmanycities √
C.Toexemplifycitieswithandwithoutmasstransportation
D.Tocontrasttheirrateofgrowth
解析:
{{B}}PassageThree{{/B}}
Inthelate20thcentury,informationhasacquiredtwomajorutilitarianconnotations.Ontheonehand,itisconsideredaneconomicresource,somewhatonparwithotherresourcessuchaslabour,material,andcapital.Thisviewstemsfromevidencethatthepossession,manipulation,anduseofinformationcanincreasethecost-effectivenessofmanyphysicalandcognitiveprocesses.Theriseininformation-processingactivitiesinindustrialmanufacturingaswellasinhumanproblemsolvinghasbeenremarkable.Analysisofoneofthethreetraditionaldivisionsoftheeconomy,theservicesector,showsasharpincreaseininformation-intensiveactivitiessincethebeginningofthe20thcentury.By1975theseactivitiesaccountedforhalfofthela
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