考前三个月届高考英语通用版考前冲刺卷六.docx
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考前三个月届高考英语通用版考前冲刺卷六.docx
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考前三个月届高考英语通用版考前冲刺卷六
考前冲刺卷(六)
第Ⅰ卷
第一部分 阅读理解(共两节,满分40分)
第一节(共15小题;每小题2分,满分30分)
阅读下列短文,从每题所给的四个选项(A、B、C和D)中,选出最佳选项。
A
Believeitornot,opticalillusion(视错觉)cancuthighwaycrashes.
Japanisacaseinpoint.Ithasreducedcarcrashesonsomeroadsbynearly75percentusingasimpleopticalillusion.Butstripes,calledchevrons(人字形),paintedontheroadsmakedriversthinkthattheyaredrivingfasterthantheyreallyare,andthusdriversslowdown.
NowtheAmericanAutomobileAssociationFoundationforTrafficSafetyinWashingtonD.C.isplanningtorepeatJapan’ssuccess.Startingnextyear,thefoundationwillpaintchevronsandotherpatternsofstripesonselectedroadsaroundthecountrytotesthowwellthepatternsreducehighwaycrashes.
Toogreatspeedplaysamajorroleinasmuchasonefifthofallserioustrafficaccidents,accordingtothefoundation.Tohelpreducethoseaccidents,thefoundationwillconductitstestsinareaswherespeedrelatedrisksarethegreatestcurves,exitslopes,trafficcircles,andbridges.Somestudiessuggestthatstraight,horizontalbars(水平杆)paintedacrossroadscaninitiallycuttheaveragespeedofdriversinhalf.However,trafficoftenreturnstofullspeedwithinmonthsasdriversbecomeusedtoseeingthepaintedbars.
Chevrons,scientistssay,notonlygivedriverstheimpressionthattheyaredrivingfasterthantheyreallyarebutalsomakealaneappeartobenarrower.Theresultisalongerlastingreductioninhighwayspeedandthenumberoftrafficaccidents.
1.Thepassagemainlydiscusses.
A.anewtypeofopticalillusion
B.anewpatternforpaintinghighways
C.anewwayoftrainingdrivers
D.anewwayofhighwayspeedcontrol
答案 D
解析 主旨大意题。
通读全文,我们可以知道,在高速公路上画各种线是为了让司机觉得车速过快,从而达到控制车速的目的。
2.Onroadspaintedwithchevrons,driverstendtofeelthat.
A.theyshouldavoidspeedrelateddanger
B.theyshouldslowdowntheirspeed
C.theyaredrivinginthewrongside
D.theyarecomingneartothespeedlimit
答案 B
解析 细节理解题。
由第二段第三句“Butstripes,calledchevrons(人字形),paintedontheroadsmakedriversthinkthattheyaredrivingfasterthantheyreallyare,andthusdriversslowdown.”可知B项正确。
3.Comparedwithstraight,horizontalbars,whatistheadvantageofchevrons?
A.Theywillhavealongereffectondrivers.
B.Theycancutroadaccidentsinhalf.
C.Theywilllookmoreattractive.
D.Theycankeepdriversawake.
答案 A
解析 推理判断题。
由最后两段对比可知,人字形线比直线及平等线对控制车速有更长久的影响。
4.Whatdoestheauthorsayaboutstraight,horizontalbarspaintedacrossroads?
A.Theyaresuitableonlyonbroadroads.
B.TheyarefallingoutofuseintheUnitedStates.
C.Theyareignoredinalongperiodoftime.
D.Theycannotbeusedsuccessfullytotrafficcircles.
答案 C
解析 推理判断题。
根据第四段最后一句“However,trafficoftenreturnstofullspeedwithinmonthsasdriversbecomeusedtoseeingthepaintedbars.”可知答案为C项。
B
The
11billionselfhelpindustryisbuiltontheideathatyoushouldturnnegativethoughtslike“Ineverdoanythingright.”intopositiveoneslike“Icansucceed.”ButwaspositivethinkingadvocateNormanVincentPealeright?
Istherepowerinpositivethinking?
ResearchersinCanadajustpublishedastudyinthejournalPsychologicalSciencethatsaystryingtogetpeopletothinkmorepositivelycanactuallyhavetheoppositeeffect:
itcansimplystresshowunhappytheyare.
Thestudy’sauthors,JoanneWoodandJohnLeeoftheUniversityofWaterlooandElainePerunovicoftheUniversityofNewBrunswick,beginbycitingolderresearchshowingthatwhenpeoplegetfeedbackwhichtheybelieveistoopositive,theyactuallyfeelworse,notbetter.IfyoutellyourdimfriendthathehasthepotentialofanEinstein,you’rejustunderlininghisfaults.Inone1990sexperiment,ateamincludingpsychologistJoelCooperofPrincetonaskedparticipantstowriteessaysopposingfundingforthedisabled.Whentheauthorswerelaterpraisedfortheirsympathy,theyfeltevenworseaboutwhattheyhadwritten.
Inthisexperiment,Wood,LeeandPerunovicmeasured68students’selfrespect.Theparticipantswerethenaskedtowritedowntheirthoughtsandfeelingsforfourminutes.Every15seconds,onegroupofstudentsheardabell.Whenitrang,theyweresupposedtotellthemselves,“Iamlovable.”
Thosewithlowselfrespectdidn’tfeelbetteraftertheforcedselfaffirmation(自我肯定).Infact,theirmoodsturnedsignificantlydarkerthanthoseofmembersofthecontrolgroup,whoweren’turgedtothinkpositivethoughts.
Thepaperprovidessupportfornewerformsofpsychotherapy(心理治疗)thaturgepeopletoaccepttheirnegativethoughtsandfeelingsratherthanfightthem.Inthefighting,wenotonlyoftenfailbutcanmakethingsworse.Instead,meditation(静思)techniquescanteachpeopletoputtheirshortcomingsintoalarger,morerealisticway.Callitthepowerofnegativethinking.
5.Whatdowelearnfromthefirstparagraphabouttheselfhelpindustry?
A.ItwasestablishedbyNormanVincentPeale.
B.Itisahighlyprofitableindustry.
C.Itisbasedontheconceptofpositivethinking.
D.Ithasprovidedpositiveresults.
答案 C
解析 细节理解题。
由文章首段第一句“The
11billionselfhelpindustryisbuiltontheideathatyoushouldturnnegativethoughtslike‘Ineverdoanythingright.’intopositiveoneslike‘Icansucceed.’”知选C项。
6.WhatisthefindingoftheCanadianresearchers?
A.Therecanbenosimpletreatmentforpsychologicalproblems.
B.Thepowerofpositivethinkingislimited.
C.Unhappypeoplecannotthinkpositively.
D.Encouragingpositivethinkingmaydomoreharmthangood.
答案 D
解析 推理判断题。
文章第二段“ResearchersinCanada...saystryingtogetpeopletothinkmorepositivelycanactuallyhavetheoppositeeffect...”,作者在下一段又再次强调了这一观点“...olderresearchshowingthatwhenpeoplegetfeedbackwhichtheybelieveistoopositive,theyactuallyfeelworse,notbetter.”抓住关键词“oppositeeffect,feelworse,notbetter”,答案即可一目了然。
7.Whatdoestheauthormeanbysaying“...you’rejustunderlininghisfaults”(Para.3)?
A.Youareemphasizingthefactthatheisnotintelligent.
B.Youarenottakinghismistakesseriouslyenough.
C.Youaretryingtomakehimfeelbetterabouthisfaults.
D.Youarepointingouttheerrorshehascommitted.
答案 A
解析 句意理解题。
与答案较为相近的是选项D。
本题关键是正确理解文章中两个单词“underline(加强,强调)”与“dim(迟钝的,愚笨的)”。
选项D中的pointout是“指出”之意,与文章中的underlining意思不符。
8.ItcanbeinferredfromtheexperimentofWood,LeeandPerunovicthat.
A.itisimportantforpeopletocontinuallyboosttheirselfrespect
B.selfaffirmationcanbringapositivechangetoone’smood
C.forcingapersontothinkpositivethoughtsmaylowertheirselfrespect
D.peoplewithlowselfrespectseldomwritedowntheirtruefeelings
答案 C
解析 推理判断题。
由第五段中的“Thosewithlowselfrespectdidn’tfeelbetteraftertheforcedselfaffirmation(自我肯定).Infact,theirmoodsturnedsignificantlydarkerthanthoseofmembersofthecontrolgroup,whoweren’turgedtothinkpositivethoughts.”抓住关键词“didn’tfeelbetter;darker”。
C
JeanFrancoisMillet(October4,1814—January20,1875)wasaFrenchpainterwhowasfamousforhisscenesoffarmers.
Afterhisfirstpainting,aportrait(肖像),wasacceptedattheSalonof1840,MilletreturnedtoCherbourgtobeginacareerasaportraitpainter.However,thefollowingyearhemarriedPaulineVirginieOno,andtheymovedtoParis.AfterbeingrefusedattheSalonof1843andPauline’sdeath,MilletreturnedagaintoCherbourg.In1845MilletmovedtoLeHarvrewherehepaintedportraitsforseveralmonths,beforemovingbacktoParis.ItwasinParisinthemiddle1840sthatMilletmadefriendswithmanyfamousartistswhohadgreatinfluencesonhim.Thenhegraduallyrevolutionizedhispaintingstyleandcreatedhisownone.
ThemostfamouspaintingofMilletisTheGleaners(拾穗者),inwhichpoorwomenandchildrenareremovingthebitsofgrainleftinthefieldsfollowingtheharvest.Awarmgoldenlightsuggestssomethingholyinthisdailyscenewherethestruggletosurvivetakesplace.Duringhisyearsofstudies,Milletthoughtabouthowtobesttellthesenseofrepetitionandtirednessinthepeasants’dailylives.Linestracedovereachwoman’sbacktothegroundandthenbackupagainandagainwhichmeanstheirhardlabor.Alongthehorizon,thesettingsunoutlinesthefarmwithitsplentifulstacksofgrain,incontrasttothelargeshadowyfiguresintheforeground(前景).Thedarkdressesofthegleanerscutstrongformsagainstthegoldenfield,givingeachwomananoblestrength.
In1857,hepresentedthepaintingTheGleanerstotheSalontoanunfriendlypublic.
9.Thepassagemainlytellsus.
A.howMilletgainedhisfame
B.oneofMillet’spaintings,TheGleaners
C.howMilletbecameaportraitpainter
D.Millet’slifeexperienceandTheGleaners
答案 D
解析 主旨大意题。
根据全文的内容可知,本文主要叙述了Millet一生的经历和他的作品《拾穗者》,故选D。
10.Whatdoesthewarmgoldenlightinthepaintingimply?
A.Poorwomenandchildrenareveryhardworking.
B.Peopleshouldgohomeandhavearest.
C.Itisaverynicedaywhichpromisesagoodharvest.
D.Somethingrelatedtoreligiondeservesourrespect.
答案 D
解析 推理判断题。
根据第三段中“Awarmgoldenlightsuggestssomethingholyinthisdailyscenewherethestruggletosurvivetakesplace.”可以推出故选D。
11.Itcanbeinferredfromthepassagethat.
A.MilletonceleftParisbutreturnedlater
B.Millet’spaintingpresentsahappycountryside
C.Milletcanexpresshisthoughtveryeasily
D.ThepublicthoughthighlyofTheGleanersatthattime
答案 A
解析 推理判断题。
根据“...theymovedtoParis.”和“beforemovingbacktoParis”可知选A。
12.Whatdoestheunderlinedwordinthethirdparagraphmean?
A.Acreativewayofdoingthings.
B.Newhopeforthefuture.
C.Doingthesamethingmanytimes.
D.Disappointmentwiththehardlife.
答案 C
解析 词义猜测题。
根据第三段中“Linestracedovereachwoman’sbacktothegroundandthenbackupagainandagainwhichmeanstheirhardlabor.”可以推知应选C。
D
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