上半年大学英语四级阅读理解及解析.docx
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上半年大学英语四级阅读理解及解析.docx
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上半年大学英语四级阅读理解及解析
2022年上半年大学英语四级阅读理解及解析
【篇一】2022年上半年大学英语四级阅读理解及解析
AremarkablevarietyofinsectsliveinthisplanetMorespeciesofinsectsexistthanallotheranimalspeciestogether.Insectshavesurvivedonearthformorethan300millionyears,andmaypossesstheabilitytosurviveformillionsmore.
Insectscanbefoundalmosteverywhere--onthehighestmountainsandonthebottomofrushingstreams,inthecoldSouthPoleandinbubblinghotsprings.Theydigthroughtheground,jumpandsinginthetrees,andrunanddanceintheair.Theycomeinmanydifferentcolorsandvariousshapes.Insectsareextremelyusefultohumans,pollinating(授粉)ourcropsaswellasflowersinmeadows,forests,desertsandotherareas.Butlicksandsomeinsects,suchasmosquitoesandfleas,cantransmitdisease.
Therearemanyreasonswhyinsectsaresosuccessfulatsurviving.Theiramazingabilitytoadaptpermitsthemtoliveinextremerangesoftemperaturesandenvironments.Theoneplacetheyhavenotyetbeenfoundtoanymajorextentisintheopenoceans.Insectscansurviveonawiderange,ofnaturalandartificialfoods—paint,pepper,glue,books,grain,cotton,otherinsects,plantsandanimalsBecausetheyaresmalltheycanhideintinyspaces.
Astrong,hardbutflexibleshellcoverstheirsoftorgansandisresistanttochemicals,waterandphysicalimpact.Theirwingsgivethemtheoptionofflyingawayfromdangeroussituationsortowardfoodormales.Also,insectshaveanenormousreproductivecapacity:
AnAfricanantqueencanlayasmanyas43,000eggsaday.
Anotherreasonfortheirsuccessisthestrategyofprotectivecolor.Aninsectmayberightbeforeoureyes,butnearlyinvisiblebecauseitiscleverlydisguisedlikeagreenleaf,lumpofbrownsoil,graylichen(青苔),aseedorsomeothernaturalobjectSomeinsectsusebright,boldcolorstosendwarningsignalsthattheytastebad,stingorarepoison.Othershavewingpatternsthatlookliketheeyesofahugepredator,bitter-tastinginsects;hungryenemiesarefooledintoavoidingthem.
练习题:
Choosecorrectanswerstothequestion:
1.InsectscanbefoundinlargeamountsinthefollowingplacesEXCEPT_____.
A.onthemountainswithlittleair
B.inthecoldpolarareas
C.inthehotdesertareas
D.intheopenoceans
2.Insectsprotectthemselvesfromchemicalsby_______
A.hidingintinyspaces
B.havingastrongshell
C.flyingawaywhennecessary
D.changingcolorsorshapes
3.Someinsectsdisguiselikenaturalobjectssoasto______
A.frightenawaytheirenemies
B.avoidbeingdiscovered
C.sendwarningsignals
D.lookbitter-tasting
4.Thepassagementionsthatinsects______.
A.canbefoundinanyextremeenvironments
B.havesurvivedlongerthananyothercreatures
C.canbefedonanynaturalorman-madefoods
D.areimportantforthegrowthofcropsandflowers
5.Thepassageismainlyabout______
A.howinsectssurviveindifferentplaces
B.whyinsectscansurvivesosuccessfully
C.whatinsectscandototheenvironment
D.whereinsectscanbefoundinquantity
参考答案
1.[D]事实细节题。
此题考察对复合句的理解。
此题涉及两个段落,第2段及第3段都提及昆虫大量生长的地方,第3段第3句中的Theoneplace指出了答案。
2.[B]事实细节题。
此题考察对简单句的理解。
第4段第1句指出了答案。
protect…from…是对resistantto的同义替换。
3.[B]推理推断题。
此题考察对长句的理解。
最终一段第2句中的nearlyinvisible说明昆虫伪装是为了不被发觉,因此B为正确选项。
其他选项虽然都是昆虫伪装的目的,但都与伪装成自然物体无关。
4.[D]推理推断题。
此题考察对含有分词构造句子的理解。
依据第2段倒数第2句中的useful及分词构造pollinating可推断昆虫对植物的生长有好处。
选项A、B、C中都有any,过于肯定。
由第3段第2、3句可知选项A不对。
文章虽在开头指出昆虫存活的年月长远,但全文未提到它是存活时间最长的生物,所以选项B错误。
至于昆虫的食物,第3段倒数第2句有提及,但只是awiderangeof,由此可排解选项C。
5.[B]主旨大意题。
本文前两段首先描述了昆虫生存了很长的时间,并能在各种地方生长,然后引出文章要争论的重点,即昆虫为什么能胜利存活。
第3段第1句为本文的中心句,因此此题正确选项为B。
【篇二】2022年上半年大学英语四级阅读理解及解析
Anewanalysisoffederalmoneythatpublicschoolsreceiveforlow-incomestudentsshowsthatarecordnumberofthenation’sschooldistrictswillreceivelessinthecomingacademicyearthantheydidfortheonejustended.
Forthe2005-2006schoolyear,spendingundertheDepartmentofEducation’sTitleIprogram,whichhelpslow-achievingchildreninhigh-povertyareas,isincreasingby3.2percent,to$12.6billion.Butbecauseofpopulationshifts,growingnumbersofpoorchildren,newercensusdataandcomplexformulasthatdeterminehowthemoneyisdivided,morethantwo-thirdsofthedistricts,or8,843,willnotreceiveasmuchfinancingasbefore.
Theanalysis,basedondatafromthedepartment,wasmadebytheCenteronEducationPolicy,agroupadvocatingforpublicschools.Asimilarstudybythegrouplastyearshowedthat55percentoftheschoolswouldreceivelessmoneythantheydidinthepreviousyear.
“It”sanalarmingnumber,”saidTomFagan,aformerdepartmentofficialwhoconductedtheanalysis.“It’sclearthattheamountofoverallincreaseisnotkeepingpacewiththenumberofpoorkids.”
SusanAspey,adepartmentspokeswoman,defendedthespendinglevelsforTitleI,saying,“PresidentBushandCongresshaveinvestedrecordamountsoffundingtohelpthenation’sneedieststudents.”
ButMr.FagansaidtheincreasingnumberofdistrictsthatarelosingmoneyismakingitharderfortheschoolstomeetthegoalsofthefederalNoChildLeftBehindAct,theBushadministration”ssignatureeducationprogram,whichmeasuresprogressthroughannualtestsinmath,readingandscience.Thatisgivingcriticsoftheprogrammoregroundstoaccusetheadministrationofnotsufficientlyfinancingtheprogramwhiledemandinggreaterresults.
TitleIprovidesthelargestcomponentoffinancingforNoChildLeftBehind.
“Thefederalgovernmentisconcentratingmoremoneyinfewerdistricts,saidJohnF.Jennings,thepresidentandchiefexecutiveoftheCenteronEducationPolicy.“Itmeansthereislotsofangerandlotsoftension.They”reaskingustodomoreandmorewithlessandless.”
练习题:
Choosecorrectanswerstothequestion:
1.Asitisindicatedinthepassage,thenewanalysis_____.
A.studiedthefederalmoneyspentonlow-incomestudents
B.aimedatpromotingtheestablishmentofmorepublicschools
C.showedthatabouthalftheschoolswouldreceivelessmoney
D.wasconductedbytheDepartmentofEducation’sTitleIprogram
2.WhichofthefollowingfactorsdoesNOTleadtotheresultthatmorethantwo-thirdsofthedistrictswillgetmorepoorlyfinanced?
A.Peopleoftenmovefromoneplacetoanother.
B.Therearemorechildrenfrompoorfamilies.
C.Thewayofdistributingmoneyhaschanged.
D.SpendingundertheTitleIprogramdecreased.
3.SusanAspeylooksatthefundingbythegovernmentwith_______.
A.criticism
B.consent
C.Indifference
D.expectation
4.AccordingtoTomFagan,______.
A.thegovernmenthasdoneitsbesttofinancethepoorchildren
B.thegoalsofNoChildLeftBehindActaredifficulttorealize
C.thewayofmeasuringprogressbyannualtestsshouldbechanged
D.theBushgovernmentshouldn”thaveapprovedtheTitleIprogram
5.Whenthegovernmentconcentratesmoremoneyinfewerdistricts,_____.
A.morepoorchildrenwillgetbenefited
B.morepublicschoolswillhavetobeclosed
C.itwillarousemorepeople’sdissatisfaction
D.NoChildLeftBehindActwillberealizedsooner
参考答案
1.[A]事实细节题。
此题考査对长句的理解。
从第1段首句中的“…of…”这一构造可知这个最新分析是要讨论联邦政府资金问题的。
所以排解B。
由第3段第1句可知这项最新分析是由theCenteronEducationPolicy进展的,因此排解选项D。
依据第3段最终一句,选项C中show的行为主体应为similarstudy。
2.[D]事实细节题。
此题考察因果关系。
第2段第2句指出有三个缘由造成超过2/3的地区得到的资金削减,选项A、B、C是对这三个缘由的近义改写,但其中选项C与原句的形式分别,简单造成误选。
3.[B]观点态度题。
此题考察文人物的观点。
苏珊·阿斯贝的观点态度只能从第5段推断出,从这一段中的defended和recordamountoffunding可知她对训练部的拨款数是认同的。
选项A和C都是贬义词,不行能表达她的观点;选项D虽是褒义词,但苏珊是在陈述已发生的事实,而不是发表对训练部的期望。
4.[B]推理推断题。
此题考察对复合句的理解。
由文中第6段第1句中的harder...tomeet...可知选项B正确。
选项C干扰性,要排解这个干扰,关键是要理解第6段第1句中由which引导的非限制性定语从句的作用。
这个从句是对前面“theBushadministration”ssignatureeducationprogram”的附加事实信息,不属于汤姆·法甘的看法。
5.[C]推理推断题。
依据第6段第1句可知选项A和D与事实不符。
最终一段倒数第2句中的anger和tension两词,可推断人们对此表示不满。
【篇三】2022年上半年大学英语四级阅读理解及解析
Inbringingupchildren,everyparentwatcheseagerlythechild’sacquisition(学会)ofeachnewskill-thefirstspokenwords,thefirstindependentsteps,orthebeginningofreadingandwriting.Itisoftentemptingtohurrythechildbeyondhisnaturallearningrate,butthiscansetupdangerousfeelingsoffailureandstatesofworryinthechildmightbeencouragedtolearntoreadbeforeheknowsthemeaningofthewordshereads.Ontheotherhand,though,ifachildisleftalonetoomuch,orwithoutanylearningopportunities,heloseshisnaturalenthusiasmforlifeandhisdesiretofindoutnewthingsforhimself.
Parentsvarygreatlyintheirdegreeofstrictnesstowardstheirchildren.Somemaybeespeciallystrictinmoneymatters.Othersareseverovertimesofcominghomeatnightorpunctualityformeals.Ingeneral,thecontrolsimposedrepresenttheneedsoftheparentsandthevaluesofthecommunityasmuchasthechild’sownhappiness.
Asregardthedevelopmentofmoralstandardsinthegrowingchild,consistencyisveryimportantinparentalteaching.Toforbidathingonedayandexcuseitthenextisnofoundationformorality(道德).Also,parentsshouldrealizethat“exampleisbetterthanprecept”.Iftheyarenotsincereanddonotpracticewhattheypreach(说教),theirchildrenmaygrowconfusedandemotionallyinsecurewhentheygrowoldenoughtothinkforthemselves,andrealizetheyhavebeentosomeextentfooled.
Asuddenawarenessofamarkeddifferencebetweentheirparents’principlesandtheirmoralscanbeadangerousdisappointment.
练习题:
Choosecorrectanswerstothequestion:
1.Eagerlywatchingthechild’sacquisitionofnewskill______
A.canbeavoided
B.isuniversalamongparents
C.setsupdangerousstatesofworryinthechild
D.willmakehimloseinterestinlearningnewthings
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